Nikolay Ladovsky ndi wopanga wapadera, "wosaoneka" ndi ntchito zake zambiri "osati zake. Chimodzi mwa izo ndi "zinthu za buku la zomangamanga ndi mawonekedwe ake" (1934). Mwa olemba N. Ladovsky (monga mu mapulogalamu angapo omanga) sanatchulidwe.
Pitani ku gawo loyamba la nkhaniyi
Komabe, kuona dzinalo pachikuto, sizovuta kuganiza kuti sizinali zopanda Ladovsky. Olemba - Asnov Mamembala: Vladimir Budings, Ivan Lamstsov ndi Mikhal Turkus. Mapeto awiri - komanso maphunziro a Ladovsky. Ndipo onse atatu aphunzitsi a vhutemames ndipo kenako ku Moscow Serctionromic In. Chifukwa chake, njira zoyambira zomwe zimapangidwa ku Asnov mosavuta.
Nthawi yomweyo, amakhulupirira kuti Nikola wa Ladovsky, mwa anthu ambiri opikisana nawo aluso, ntchito ziwiri zokha:
- Ku South Paviion Metro "Chipata chofiyira";
- Nyumba yotsutsana ndi Dzerzhinskaya Metro Station.
Ndipo zonse ... zikuwoneka. Chifukwa sizonse zomwe ndizosavuta.
Zowonadi, 90% ya olemba zikunenedwa bwino: Ntchito ziwiri zokhazikitsidwa. Koma ngakhale ku Wikipedia, lachitatu likuwonetsedwa kale: Nyumba ziwiri za mgwirizano ", nyumba 3 ndi 5 pa Norvessaya Street.
Mwa njira, mapulani a Asnov apanga ntchito ya bwalo lofiira ku Luzhniki, yemwe adalandira mendulo yagolide ya chiwonetsero cha dziko lapansi cha 1935 ku Paris. Yemwe ali Pavili A Melnikova ndi polojekiti ya ntchito yogwira ntchito rodchenko adawopsezedwa.
Ku Ladovsky ili ndi ubale wolunjika kwambiri.
- Choyamba, mosiyana ndi wothandizira wa wokhazikika, womwe udapeza madeti angapo aluso, Ausnov amaphatikizidwa m'magulu a Ladovsky, umunthu wake ndi malingaliro ake omwe amagwira ntchito. "
- Ndipo chachiwiri, koposa zonse, njira yake kuyambira pachiyambire ikusonyeza kuti ntchito yaukadaulo.
Chifukwa chake mu projekiti iliyonse ya gulu ya gulu, ndipo koposa zonse ophunzira ake ochokera ku VHUPEMAMAM, palinso ntchito ya Nikolai Alexandrovich.
Kodi tadziwa kale nyumba zodzutsa pamsewu wa trakitala? Koma polojekiti ya ascow gulu la asnov: Havo-Shabolovsky Zhilmassiv (1927-30).
Choyamba, polojekiti yomanga dera lonse, ndi malo oyambirira a nyumba. Kuphatikiza apo, m'ntchito zonse, tinali ofunikira kuyang'ana malamulowo: Zigawo zoyenera zokhazikitsidwa ndi malamulo. Pansi ndi malo a misewu yokhudza misewu ", etc.
Zomwe sizinalepheretse yankho loyambirira: kukonza kunyumba ali kumanja kwa wina ndi mnzake, kuzitembenuzira madigiri 45 a misewu yozungulira. Nyumba zimayang'ana m'mbali za dziko lapansi: zipinda zokhala zipinda zokhala ndi kholo zimatengedwa kum'mwera, khitchini, zosamba zotere komanso zipinda zofanana - kumpoto.
Apa mutha kuwona ngodya zam'manja ndi zolakwika, zomwe zimasiyidwa dala ndi utoto: zopaka zolembedwa motsutsana ndi maziko osadziwika.
Pamalo ena okhala ndi mizere yopingasa, kutentha kwa lamba kumachitika - kwenikweni, yankho, zokhudzana ndi opanga mabizinesi. Ngati iwo anagwiritsa ntchito zokongoletsera, iwonso adagawana magwiridwe antchito, kapena "adawonetsa" chimango cha nyumbayo; Chabwino, "kutanthauzira" lamba "zomwe sizinali ndi ndalama zokwanira nthawi zonse.
Oganiza bwino okongoletsedwa mosiyanasiyana pogogomezera zamphamvu, mawonekedwe, mtundu, mavoliyumu.
Mwachitsanzo, monga mumudzi wa "Magennovykaya mudzi waukulu (Mutu wa M. Matileva, Omanga A. Fufaev ndi Map).
Ndipo mapulani a m'mudzimo ali kutali ndi ochita bwino. (Kumbukirani lingaliro la Corbusus, kuti mizinda yakale ya ku Europe "imamangidwa ndi Mlingo" kupita kumeneko, kodi angadutse kuti?)
Koma mawu ochepa okhudza mtundu.
Kulankhula mosamalitsa, "chidwi" kumagwiritsa ntchito zofowoka. Iyi ndiye nthawi ya avant-Garso! Ndipo oganiza saiwala za magwiridwe antchito. Mwachitsanzo, kufika kunyumba pafupi ndi Windows South kapena South-East. Russia si Italy kapena South France, komwe muyenera kubisala padzuwa ... Ndipo mu Havo-Shalebovsky malo okhala ndi makondewo abweretsedwa kum'mwera, makhitchini, mabafa, kumpoto.
Ndipo zochulukirapo: Magwiridwe antchito (kapena, momveka bwino) amadzithandiza) amadziwonetsa posankha zinthu.
FTISH COMPIPIPISMICISTISTISTER - yolimbikitsidwa konkriti. Koma ku USSr 20s ndikupanga konkriti yolimbikitsidwa, komanso zinachitika, vutoli ndilo.
Oganiza bwino amagwira ntchito ndi njerwa, nthawi zina - kugwiritsa ntchito sekondale, kuchokera pa nyumba zakale zokalamba. Njerwa ku Russia zotamatira, amapanga, ndipo amangidwa nthawi yomweyo pamapiri. Pogwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe kazinthuzo, chilengedwe chake, mpumulo wake; Kuthekera kupereka mitundu yovuta.
Apa, panjira, madenga ong'anga mu havsco-shabolovsky zhilmasmaustiv.
Denga lathyathyathya ndi lozizira kwambiri. Zotsika mtengo ndipo zimatheka kuyika malo apagulu pano. Palibe nthawi tsopano, ndi zida zamakono ndi matekinolononolonologies, madenga awa nthawi zambiri amachitika. Ndipo nthawi imeneyo ...
Mukukumbukira nyumbayo, imayitanidwa chifukwa cha kutayikira kosakhazikika "? Komanso ku Europe wokongola, izi zidachitika. Amati, adachita mwadongosolo ndipo padenga la malo otchuka a savoy, imodzi mwa projekiti yofunika kwambiri. Anamanga china chake ndi matekinoloje awa omwe akhala akuchita nthawi imeneyo.
Koma oganiza bwino a nthawi za Soviet sachita manyazi ndi njerwa kapena madenga osalala. Koma wapadera "wa chip" wowoneka bwino sunathere njira zosinthira.
Kodi nyumba imakhala bwanji nthawi zambiri? Mizere yofananira ya "mzere"; "Mu Shangu", malekezero olankhulirana, nthawi zina amapanga "soseji"; Mtanda; Lalikulu ...
Oganiza bwino ali ndi nyumba za "traliseris", mwachitsanzo, masitepe. Pulojekiti yoyamba yotere ndi gulu la vhuatemovskaya la Ladovsky, mu 1924 kunyumba ku Sokolniki. Chifukwa chake osamangidwa.
Omangidwa pa ntchito yosiyana pang'ono mu mdani wa SIVA mu 1930-32. Ndipo iyi ndi ntchito ina "yosadziwika ya Ladovsky.
Koma "zolimbitsa" zopangidwa "zoyambira. Kodi ndizotheka kumangirirani? Kodi zikuyenera kukhala yankho lakuti?
Inde chonde!
Nyumba iyi siyipezeka pamndandanda wa ntchito za Ladovsky, koma zatsala pang'ono kutenga nawo mbali mwachindunji. Makamaka ngati mukukumbukira chikomera cha ntchito ku Asnov.
Mwa oyambitsa a Asnov anali wotchuka kwambiri el lisaky. Komanso, zikuwoneka kuti zikuchitika ndi zomanga zokhazokha zomanga - nyumba yosindikiza ya magazini ya "Ogoni", 1932. Mwinanso, titha kukhala ndi luso?
Koma wina (nkhani yomweyo monga "wosadziwika" wa Ladovsky!) Project projekiti: Kumanga kwa CPKIO roftorate. Girky. Tinkayengeka ndikukhazikitsa wolowa m'malo mwake ku Lisatsky ngati womanga wamkulu CPCO kutengera ntchito yake.
Mu 1928, Ladovsky, mwachiwonekere, akuganiza kuti ophunzira ake ali okonzeka kugwirira ntchito. Amatuluka mu ntchito yopitilizabe ya Asnov ndikuwongolera Aru - bungwe la omanga matepi a ku Mataunist. Dzinalo limawonetsa bwino zolinga za bungwe: Kukula kwa minda yamizinda ndi ma projekiti.
Ndipo mu 1932, Ladovsky amapereka pulojekiti yake pa dongosolo la General kuti ayambenso ku Moscow. Malinga ndi iye, kuchokera ku Moscow, madera atsopano ayenera kulowa nawo kukula kwa cene kupita ku Tver.
Amatcha "Pareola".
Kalata ya Rial-mphete yomanga ntchito yomwe idawoneka kale ndipo imachepetsa kukula kwa mzindawu. Koma, mosiyana ndi malingaliro omwewo ndi malingaliro ake otsogola, "onse kuti awononge pofuna kugwetsa", Ladovsky amasunga dzina lakale ", koma gawo latsopano la kamangidwe ka mzinda limakonzekera njira yatsopano. Gawo la "Parabula" la "Parabula" limakhala malo okhala, malo opangira mafakitale "akufalikira" nyumba. Parabola ya ku Northern waku Northwestern, ndikusiyira mzindawo kuthekera.
Monga mukudziwa, ntchito yosiyana kwathunthu yalandiridwa kuti "yokhazikitsidwa" yomanganso zaka zingapo. Kuphatikizapo zomwe zapezeka ndikupanga mbiri yakale ya likulu la likulu.
Koma pamapu amakono a Moscow, tiwona, osati "parabula", koma ... Kukulitsa ndi kudzipereka kuchokera ku "con" wakale ". Zowona, samasiya tver, koma kumwera chakumadzulo - koma lingaliro la Ladovsky limaganiziridwa pano. Sindikudziwa ngati itakhala ndi chisonkhezekeza mukamapanga dongosolo la mzindawu. Koma zikuwonekeratu kuti womangika pang'ono pang'ono waluso kapena katswiri wokonzekera mzinda ayenera kudziwa mbiri yakale yamanga ...
Ndipo chaka choyambirira, zomangamanga zidapereka lingaliro lomanga yayikulu kuchokera ku cell, maselo okhala ndi zida zambiri zopangidwa pamafakitale ndipo adapangidwadi ku malo omanga. Chabwino, ndipo iwo akhoza kupangidwa mogwirizana ndi polojekiti inayake, kumanga nyumba yamitundu ndi kukula kwake.
Selo lidawonetsedwa kuti likulumbiridwa pamasamba okonzedwa kunyumba ndikulumikizana ndi zowerengera. Lingaliro lina la ma Avant Avant - pamaluwa omwe analipo patsogolo pa nthawi yawo!
Mu 1934, ntchito ina ikukhazikitsidwa: Zinthu za "Zolemba za" Zolemba za zomangamanga ndi mawonekedwe ake ". Osati kwa nthawi yoyamba mu chiwerengero cha olemba, Ladovsky silinatchulidwe.
Komabe, mayina omwe ali pachikuto amadzilankhulira okha: Asmaniov atenga nawo mbali atenga nawo mbali a Vladimir Versing, Ivan Nyengo ndi Mikhal Turkus. Mapeto awiri - komanso maphunziro a Ladovsky. Ndipo onse atatu ali aphunzitsi a vhutemami, kenako ku Moscow Kapangidwe. Chifukwa chake, njira zoyambira zomwe zimapangidwa ku Asnov mosavuta. Ndipo powona mayina a olemba alembamo, sizovuta kungoyerekeza kuti popanda kutenga nawo gawo la Ladovsky sikunawonongeke.
Tsoka ilo, zaka ziwiri, kuphatikiza mayanjano onse olenga kumayamba mwa magulu amodzi, omwe atembenukira m'gulu la mabungwe a kulenga.
Pomaliza, "ntchito zodziwika bwino za Ladovsky - mwina kwambiri ku Moscow metro.
- Pavilion "Chipata chofiyira" - makamaka, chipilala ku dzina lomweli la dzina lomweli, kugwetsedwa ndi Arch of XVIII zaka za XVIII.
- Nthawi yomweyo chipilala cha khomo ndi chofotokozera mwachindunji pazakalezo, portal, yomwe ikulonjeza zaka mazana ambiri zidakongoletsa zitseko ndi mawindo a akachisi.
Portal "akukoka" mkati mwa Kachisi, amaika mphamvu zoyendetsedwa. Polowera "chipata chofiyira" "kuchedwa" okwera, motero holo "dzerzhinsky 'imawatsogolera pansi.
Lingaliro la Ladovsky, kwenikweni, limatsutsana ndi kukhazikitsa koyambirira: sikuyenera kumverera kuti tili pansi. Ladovsky akumapangitsa kumva kwa ngalandeyo, stroke pansi. Ndipo amakhazikitsa mphamvu, malingaliro a mayendedwe ake ...
Tsoka ilo, zida zochepa zinasungidwa kuchokera ku ntchitoyi, zomwe zimasungidwa mwadala pa mapuloma omanga zomwe zimachitika pomanganso madera osiyanasiyana mu 1970s.
Izi sizopanda tanthauzo. Ichi ndi njira yosiyana kwambiri yomanga, kupita ku ntchito kuchokera ku mawonekedwe, monga momwe amadziwira munthu.
Mwa njira, ku Asnev, ngakhale konstantin Melnikov, munthu wina, wanzeru, yemwe sanatengere nawo m'mayanjano aliwonse ndipo sanayankhene nawo. Mwina chifukwa chakuti ankayang'ana kwambiri? Pambuyo pake winayo adayimbidwa mlandu "mawonekedwe."
Kwenikweni, molondola. Oganiza bwino omwe anali ndi chidwi kwambiri pantchito zamakapangidwe, nthawi zambiri amadzitcha okha "mwaluso." Koma m'ma 20s, adakopeka ndi izi, ndi zina zolumikizana kuposa theka lachiwiri la 30s.
Koma chifukwa chiyani Wikipedia malipoti akuti:
Kuyeserera kumadziwika (ndipo kukhazikitsidwa) koyipa kwambiri kuposa mawonekedwe amakono opanga Conformavism?Monga tikuwonera, oganiza kuti amangidwa, ndipo amangira nyumba zonse zokhala. "Idzaitanidwanso Kwambiri" ikhoza kutchedwa? Sikuti Nikolay Ladovsky?
Ndiwo iye amene waphunzira ena zaka zambiri, adamanga ntchito zoposa zitatu. Anakonzanso m'badwo wamtsogolo ambuye opambana, zaka makumi ambiri zomanga zomwe timagwiritsa ntchito, komanso kusilira.
Wolemba - Alexander Smita
Gwero - Springzhizni.ru.