"A zahiri, duk samfura ne erroneous, amma wasu daga cikinsu suna da amfani." Waɗannan kalmomin dambe na George, ƙwararren masanin kimiyyar Burtaniya, yana da matukar taimako don ci gaba da kasancewa cikin kai ta duka tsunduma cikin gudanarwa.
Kalmomin "mafi kyawun halayen shugabanci" (LPD) ya zama hatimin kasuwancin Lexicon. Mafi yawan lokuta kamar kayan aiki na duniya ne ga duk kamfanoni. Amma ga kamfanonin gwamnati da kuma ba na gwamnati ba na gwamnati, shugabanci na kamfanoni ne gaskiya.
Domin a zargi su da sakaciDon kamfanonin Rasha, tsari na tsarin abubuwan da aka gyara, wanda aka kirkira a cikin ayyukan kasuwanci na Yammacin Turai da tsarin mulki, muhimmin mahimmanci ne. An bayyana abun da aka tsara a cikin daki-daki a cikin lambar shugabanci na banki na Rasha. Jagorar masu saka hannun jari na duniya suna kula da kasancewar halayen halayen LPD.
Kasancewar masu saka hannun jari na Yammacin Turai a kasuwar kudi ta Rasha. Ya kasance mafi yawan ɗan gajeren lokaci, haɗarin shirye-shirye - a musayar na yawan amfanin ƙasa. Koyaushe zai zama masu saka hannun jari na kasashen yamma, waɗanda ke da tsoro mai tsoro. Amma har ma masu saka hannun jari na saka hannun jakar supercrowed ba za su iya yin watsi da rashin halaye a cikin wadanda suka saka hannun jari ba. Idan sun tafi wurinta kuma suka kawo asarar mahimman lamuni, masu ikirarin sakaci za su lalace a kansu. Sabili da haka, koyaushe zasu kula da wannan factor. Tsoffin masu rikitarwa na yamma suna nuna ƙarin da shawarwari don shawarwari na PCPs kamfanonin gwamnati, da kuma za a tilasta manajan saka hannun jari ga kamfanonin Portfolio, da kuma za a tilasta manajan saka hannun jari na jama'a. Dangane da mafi ƙarancin halayen LPD wanda suke kula da shi yana ƙaruwa.
A gaban shugabanciZurfin na fahimtar hakikanin aikin kamfani na kamfanonin Jaridar Rasha ta hanyar Portfolio da kuma tasirin da aka warware akan mafita na hannun jari ba. Ya dogara da abubuwan da dalilai kamar su na kamfani na kasuwa, kasancewa na musamman albarkatu daga jihar, "rufe" wannan kamfanin, matakin ci gaban hadarin manajan.
Amma hankali ga LPD zai kasance koyaushe, kuma buƙatun don amfaninta zai girma. Waɗannan kalmomin na iya zama kamar jawabin daraktan makarantar a kan layi. Amma lamarin yana da matukar son hakan.
Shin tsarin da aka gyara yanzu na LPD a cikin kamfanonin gwamnati na Rasha su zama daidai da abin da ke Yammacin Turai? Babu shakka, a'a. Amma in ba haka ba ba za ku iya ba. Waɗannan bambance-bambance suna haifar da abubuwa da yawa, mafi mahimmanci na waɗanda shine bambance-bambance a cikin tsarin babban birnin da zamantakewa. Yawancin bambance-bambance masu yawa suna tsakanin ƙasashen Yammacin jama'a da kuma rinjaye mafi yawan kamfanonin jama'a a wasu ƙasashe tare da kasuwanni masu tasowa. Amma mafi yawan ƙasashe masu jagoranci tare da kasuwanni masu tasowa, kasuwancin kasuwanci yana ba da gudummawa ga haɓakar abubuwan ƙarfafawa (duka kuɗi da na zamantakewa da zamantakewa na LPD da haɓaka a cikin matakin aiwatar da LPD.
A cikin Rasha, wannan yanayin zai canza sauri a gaban shugabanci. "Old Waƙoƙi game da babban abin" suna ƙara tabbatar da yanayin kasuwancin. Babban abu yanzu ga kamfanonin Jama'a na Rasha shine su ci gaba da matakin yarda da ka'idojin LPD, don kada su sami cikakkiyar gogaggen a fagen shugabanci na kamfanoni. Aikin kasuwar kasuwar wadannan kamfanoni ba su ƙaddara ba ne kawai ta hanyar kasuwancin su ba, har ma da motsin zuciyar su sun haifar da sa hannun jari. Kuma na ƙarshen an ƙaddara shi ta matakin kiyaye LPD.
Taimaka wa ci gaban kasuwanciKamfanonin da ba su da jama'a na jama'a na jama'a sune labari daban. Bincike na ayyukan shugabanci na Rasha da Cibiyoyin Dokokin Rasha suka gudanar (Reed) daga 2015, sun nuna cewa ya ci gaba. Amma wannan cigaban ya ƙuduri ba ta da matsin lamba na masu saka hannun jari na waje ba, amma bukatun masu mallakar kamfanonin. A karshen ana ɗaukar abubuwa na LPD da sauya su ƙarƙashin ayyukansu.
Yawan kamfanoni waɗanda ke haifar da shawara game da daraktoci, ciki har da yanayin da ba su buƙatar wannan (a cikin samfurin Reed - kashi 57% a cikin 2020, da kashi 12% na yau da kullun suna yin lamba na ayyukan nasihu) da kwamitocin kwamitocin a cikinsu (2015 - 43%, 2020 - 53%).
Yawan daraktoci na waje yana ƙaruwa a matsayin ɓangare na majalisa da kuma sau 20 a cikin 2015 -% a 2020). Koyaya, wannan tsari yana da yanayi daban fiye da kamfanonin gwamnati. An tsara shi ba don kare masu saka hannun jari na Portfolio, amma don ƙara haɓaka cikin kasuwanci, don haɓaka ingancin kasuwanci, rama don isasshen yiwuwar masu mallakar da sarrafawa. Daga membobin kungiyar na waje na kwamitin gudanarwa, kyakkyawar fahimta game da manyan wuraren kasuwanci ake bukata.
Amfani da daraktoci wanda aka kirkira a cikin wadannan kamfanonin an bayyana su a fili a yankuna masu zuwa.
Amma abin ba'a ne don amfani da ka'idodi na yau da kullun na irin waɗannan kamfanoni da buƙatun don aiwatar da kulawa da iko akan ayyukan mai shi (har abada, ba zai tambaye su ba). Kalmomin "Daraktan na waje" Mafi yawan bayyana ainihin matsayin na ainihi da ayyukan irin waɗannan membobin seviets. Zuriyarsu a Majalisar ta dogara da maigidan kamfanin. Aikin binciken na ciki a cikin irin waɗannan kamfanoni da aka kirkira domin taimakawa maigidan ya yi hayar shi (2015 - 27%), 2020%, 2020% 38%). Baƙon abu ne don buƙatar yanke hukunci a cikin ayyukan wannan aikin a cikin irin wannan kamfanin, membobin majalisa sun taka leda.
Sauran shugabanci na kamfaniWadanda suke ba da shawarar ƙirƙirar tsarin gudanarwa a cikin irin waɗannan kamfanoni, godiya ga wanda kamfanin zai iya yin aiki tare da ƙarancin sa, ya zama dole a tuna gaskiyarsa. Wato, haɗarin tashin hankali a Rasha ba a rage, amma har ma yana girma, da tsarin shari'a yana kare hakan da kyau. Wannan mahimmancin masu irin waɗannan kamfanoni da majalisun, masu ba da shawara game da bayanan, kamfanonin, kamfanoni na kamfanoni da cigaba na ainihi.
Wani ɓangare na sojojin da ba na jama'a na jama'a sannu a hankali ƙara yawan abubuwan haɗin LPD, waɗanda suke gabatarwa a cikin ayyukan gudanarwa. Koyaya, wannan tsari - a cikin dabarun sa, babbar direbobi, saurin canjin - ya sha bamban da aiwatar da aiwatar da kamfanonin jama'a. An kafa wani aiki, wanda, mai yiwuwa, ana iya kiranta "sauran shugabanci".
Kuma na halitta ne.
Ra'ayoyin marubucin ba na iya yin daidai da matsayin fitowar VTIMS.