As Andrei Konchalovsky himself said in one of the interviews, he did not want to "occupy any, Soviet or anti-Soviet, position, he only intended to revive the public discussion."
The main thing (if not the only) lack of painting, as a historic film sedeller (and the director does not get used to resort to allegations in politics, remember even the "lion in winter") is the complete absence of a historical background, in which Novocherkassk unrest have become possible. That is, a series of reges and pogroms, since 1954, throughout the spectrum of motives:
- political;
- economic;
- criminal;
- ethnic.
Almost simultaneously with the events in Novocherkassk, the second excitement began in Gori (the first were there in 1956 from 5 to March 10 and are associated with the name of Stalin), this time - for the same reasons, socio-economic - the rise in price of milk meat simultaneously with a decrease Chargers for Sadeschina, also completed a number of political requirements. But "scientists" experience of the uprising in March-1956 residents of Gori behaved more modest, and the authorities responded adequate.
Revolutionary situation in a separate city
It so happened that it was in the Novocherkassk uprising that all of the above factors were established: the criminal, political, economic, social, and even ethnic (not in vain Konchalovsky showed us the "White Cossack" who does not consider themselves or a Russian nor Ukrainian, but a monarchist of special nationality).
Just so coincided - and no Lenin of those years from Liongumo did not send the memos to Novocharse, how to make a revolution. But almost left! The first increase in the standards of development with simultaneous price increases was indignant just conscious workers, fronticking: a young twist of Vyacheslav black was submitted to the demonstration, and the famous posters "meat, milk, fair rates" were made in the editorial office of the factory wall newspaper by a 23-year-old artist V. Korothev.
Moreover, the initial demonstration is from 400 to one and a half thousand people - sent in the morning and in the afternoon on June 1, 1962 to the plant management and then he behaved peacefully and "positively" to the city (the only "crime" were portraits of Lenin and Stalin - and not a new country leader ).
Alas, director of the Kurochkin plant decided to play Maria Antoinette, responding to all the requirements of conscious workers "Not enough for meat? We will eat Liver! " The demonstration was resonantly indignant, and at that moment, "radical" criminal elements, citizens offended by the Soviet power and just drinking to it were joined.
Example: historian V. A. Kozlov, who cannot be suspected in love for the USSR for a successful career in a modern bourgeois state, in the book "Unknown USSR" (I recommend reading not only the section about Novocherkassk!) Provides a whole list of the "leaders of the second day of the uprising ", Joined to the demonstration after drunk and a good chockey.
So, the famous speeches from the locomotive, said some fetisov and uhans (not shot, but both are convicted on time from 4 to 8 years old, who declared in court: "What we said - do not remember!") - And in fact, who called on romance cars and Department of Militia.
The growing of the revolution: train stations, hill, telegraph
From the evening of the first day to 2 June and began in the city, what caused such terrible consequences:
- The crowd beats (and at first they wanted to burn!) Chief Engineer Yolkina;
- Captured (for a short time) Electrode plant and gas station (here there was a huge number of hard drunk, why there were almost bloodless militiamen with "inside";
- On June 2, "Memes" appear on the wagons - "Khrushcheva on meat!";
- The main line of Saratov Rostov is blocked, (Moscow-Baku), stopped cargo and passenger trains;
- By evening, on June 2, the number of active rebels (on clearly understated communist calculations) exceeds 4 and a half thousand people;
- But in the city there were already 2 platforms of the internal troops from Rostov (at three BTR) and some "KGB operatives" - for different versions, and not at the Army introduced in the evening, lies responsibility for the victim;
- And even in the evening of June 1, the cinema troops of the second number were issued combat cartridges.
Nevertheless, despite the hysterical demands of Khrushchev "immediately press the force!", Not only M. Shaposhnikov, but also sneakers ordered: tanks, crews and motorized rollers in combat cartridges do not arma. Under the caterpillars did not fall like a single person, but a few (quantity unknown) motorized rifles were seriously injured by the tanks crowded (hello, heroes 1991!).
Intrapolitical events
The saddest result was not only for the dead and affected, but for ... Khrushcheva: He dreamed of "live without the KGB," almost turned it into a FGC for half a century before Bakatina. But immediately after Novocherkasy events, he, contrary to his own politics, ordered "strengthening the KGB to counterintelligence officers and secret employees."
The West in those years got a "trimmed" version, that alone drunkles and hooligans participated in unrest.
To revive the discussion around Novocherkasska, Konchalovsky turned out. Young "Levaki" (YouTube Channel "Herald of Storm"), in general, the picture approved. Orthodox offended with "Day-TV" (Fefela). Now, there are "three waves" of investigating these events:
- The official investigation of 1962 (seven instigators sentenced to shooting - no one who mentioned Konchalovsky in the film), long time is classified;
- Under L. Brezhnev, the shot rehabilitated (except for one, which has long been "present in execution", left the article "Grave hooliganism"), as well as the Shampochnikov General Telematve, almost who did not see the goals for the tanks for the phrase ";
- In 1991, a new investigation was initiated, which ended in 1996 with a complete rehabilitation of all "reboundists".
It is characteristic that all these three investigations at three different authorities did not increase the number of victims:
- 24 killed;
- 70 wounded;
- 7 fired after the court later;
- 103 people received from 2 to 15 years of strictly regime.
"Four investigations", already under Putin, in 2007, you can call a massive challenge in the media, the newspapers began an information attack on "raised machine gunners in the trees" (information is not officially confirmed).
And the main question (and the reason "Haip" between Fefelov and Konchalovsky - is on YouTube), is the one who killed. Characteristically, both are not considered the guilty army. But Fefelov adheres to the point of view that they shot "BB-Schnik" and policemen in the protection of the crushed branch, and Konchalovsky - special snipers from the KGB.
Who is right? What are the versions of readers?