This year, the scandalous picture of the "clockwork orange" anniversary is 50 years old. Time Out tells the story of its creation.
Despite the frantic perfectionism Stanley Kubrick, the shooting of the "Clockwork Orange" took only six months. They ended in April 1971 and became the most fast wizard for the entire career. After leaving the film, the film got different responses from the American and British audience. The part admired his genius, while the other accused of promoting violence. Family Kubrick received numerous threats and was forced to tolerate protest rallies in front of their home.
The British media wrote about the negative influence of the tape on the youth and considered it a culprit of the robbery and murders on the streets. In 1973, the film was seized from British rental and banned to demonstrate until 2000 - a year after the death of his creator.
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A few words about the plotIn 1962, the British writer Anthony Burgess predicted an immoral future, publishing the Roman "Clockwork Orange". The history of the first person was saturated with the Jargon words from the fictional language "Nastsat". Its author was the main character, the fifteen-year-old sociopath Alex - the magnificent McDaull McDaull played him in his film. The young man is in love with classical music, especially in the works of "his old friend Ludwig Van".
Alex and his accomplices are involved in fights, robberies and rapes until the Hero is imprisoned by Uansworth for the sadistic murder. Having learned about the possibility of shortening the term, Alex voluntarily agrees to conduct an experiment on himself, the successful execution of which will return it home.
Therapy "According to the Method of Louis" produced in the subjectable conditional reflex for violence - with thoughts about the crime of Alex, a terrible headache and nausea overtook. Increased the effect of the "Ninth Symphony of Beethoven", to which the hero was forced to watch the cruel scenes from the films - because of this, he developed the same reaction and his favorite classical music.
Name history"Clockwork Orange" became an attempt by Anthony Bergessa to deal with the personal tragedy. During the Second World War, while the writer was abroad, his pregnant wife was brutally beaten in London four deserters from the American army, as a result of which the spouses lost their future child. After that, the woman tried to end with him, and later addicted to alcohol and died.
Anthony Burgess
Writer's observations behind various street gangs and their fetish dress code served as an additional source of inspiration. The formation of the novel language was influenced by influence and acquaintance with St. Petersburg style and Fanswoman - Burgess decided that the Band Chair and his Friends will consist of a mixture of Russian and English words, slang and gypsyins.
Another reason for the unusual name of the novel - the sympathy of the writer to the phrase "Curves, like a clockwork orange." It uses carriers of the senior senior coinnie, when they talk about unusual or strange things. According to the author, he realized that this phrase is most suitable for the stories about the use of inhuman methods in relation to people. In addition, Anthony has lived in Malaysia for several years, where Orang word is translated as "man."
Creating a movieTwo years have passed from the public orange seal. In 1964, the director Stanley Kubrick released a brilliant military-political satir "Dr. Strajnzhlav, or how I learned not to worry and loved the atomic bomb." The film turned out ironic, pessimistic and struck with its technically verified execution.
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In 1966, one of the writers of "Dr. Strajnzhlava" Terry Sarew Sauser sent Roman Bergess to the director who ignored, in particular, due to the complex language. However, Sarew was so passionate as a cinematographic embodiment of the story, which bought the right to work. He then wrote an adaptation, which sent to several producers, including David Patthem. Southern sent a copy of the script and the censor, but his letter was returned to unpropered. The answer read: "I am familiar with this book, and there is no point in reading this scenario, because the story talks about the disobedience of youth to the state, and this is unacceptable."
Frame from filming "Dr. Strajnzhlav, or how I learned not to worry and loved the atomic bomb"
In fact, Bergessa's book read the wife of Kristina Kristina and persuaded her husband to think over her shielding. At the end of 1969, the director still responded to the offer of Sarew. He completed the first sketch of the film on May 15, 1970 - it was the first time Kubrick worked on a scenario alone.
Places of ShootingAlmost the entire "clockwork orange" was removed on nature two million dollars in winter from 70 to 71 years. The house Kubrika, who was outside of London, was equipped with a room for mounting, a cinema and a garage, which he used as a cabinet.
"I want to work on a film where I can get from the house for an hour and a half, so find out how far I can get during this time at the rush hour," the director of the director of the producer of Bernie Williams in one of the interviews said.
Kubrick wanted to create the world of the nearest future using the modern architecture of England. In the scene, where Alex walked with his friend before heading them into the water, the audience sees Temsmid. This area of London is known for concrete terraces, apartment buildings and overhead transitions built around the water bodies.
"Apartment Alex" Kubrick found in Elstra and completely changed the design in accordance with the manner of the main character. The house of the writer Alexander, where Alex recalls the song from "singing under the rain" and rapes the owner's wife, was removed in two different places: outside it was a house in Oxfordshire, inside - a house in Radlette.
The only ones specially built for the film interiors were the bar Korova, registry in prison, bathroom and lobby in the writer's house.
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Visual componentThe screening of the novel is divided by the kubrick into three parts. In the first Alex and his gang terrorize local residents. Then hero is imprisoned and exposed to the experiment. Finally, after the liberation of Alex and himself undergoes violence from his victims and eventually "awakens" - because it is impossible to change his fate.
Each of the three sections has its own color palette and work with the camera. To portray Alex to Ultra-violence, Kubrick and Operator John Olcott used a bright flower palette. Odyssey of the character Malcolm McDauell begins with a Korova bar. According to John Bakster, who wrote Kubrick's biography, the director represented the institution as a "Temple of Sexual Consumer Stimulation." Blurring borders Black interior bar sharply contrasted with sculptures of naked women who declare moral depravity, and inscriptions on the walls. The director was inspired by the exhibition of one of the brightest representatives of Pop Art Allen Jones, where furniture was presented in the form of female fiberglass figures in full size.
By the way, Pop Art served a picture of a good service - built on paradoxical combinations, it best reflects the attitude of the heroes to the world. The apartment of Alex's Parents is completely withstanding in this aesthetics - bright coloring, shiny surfaces and non-standard geometry screaming about vulgarity. In the room of the hero instead of the curtains hanging the portrait of Beethoven, choking him from real life.
As opposed to the screaming interior of the world of Alex, the house of the writer and his wife appears - there is a lot of wood, large mirrors, which visually expand the space, and pacifying paintings. So, the violent world of the hero is opposed to the life of ordinary people.
The time spent in prison, and the process of "reprogramming" of its brain is presented in cold colors, and long frames create a dark atmosphere. The final part of the film is characterized by moderate brightness.
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Kubrick began as a photographer, so always paid a lot of attention to the angle and composition. Alignment of the frame in the center and complete symmetry personified the order, control, discipline, logic and organization - quality inherent in Kubrika as director. He adhered to these strict principles, but in the case of the "clockwork orange" acknowledged that Alex's history requires more avant-garde methods of shooting.
Kubrik intentionally used the wide-angle lens when the events showed from the point of view of Alex. Due to this, there was a distortion of space, which was fully consistent with the subjective and painful perception of the world hero. In the tape there was a place and branded "Kubrikovsky's view" - this is a close-up face, improving looking straight into the chamber. From him and the film begins.
"I wanted to find a way to stylize this violence - to make it look like a ballet," the director admitted. For this, he played with an accelerated and slow motion. The scene, where Billy fight and his gang are going to commit violence against a girl in an abandoned casino, reminds dance. In parallel, the composition of Joakkino Rossini sounds, and the image of the Vakhanalia is intentionally accelerated. Thus, Kubrick laughed at those who often resort to these effects without need.
MusicRibbon Kubrik talks about the inability of culture to provide any moral and cleansing effect on society. Using the nine symphony of Beethoven as a structural basis for the film and as a sign of the dramatic development of the plot, he, as it were, it claims that music has only the meaning that every person gives it separately.
To bring futuristic motifs in the composition of the XVIII century, the director addressed the electronics. Together with the composer Walter Carlos, they created the updated versions of the Ninth Symphony, "Wilhelm Tell" Rossini and "Music to the Death of the Queen Mary" Persell.
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The bar is the synthesizer version of the last composition from the listed. A peculiar interior of the institution is interspersed with justice expressions. Milk with a drug that drink heroes gives them energy for the "old good" ultranexium "", which Alex and his "Other" love so much. This milk is spoiled in the same way as a beautiful classic is spoiled by execution on the synthesizer.
The figure "Ludwig Van" and its compositions are the deepest and dark sides of the human nature of Alex. Listening to the symphony, the hero is experiencing physical pleasure, and in his head there are terrible fantasies - it represents an atomic explosion, the death penalty, the death of people under the crumbling stones. When an experiment is carried out above it, Beethoven from a friend instantly turns into a weapon against the hero itself.