Bayazid I lightly lived very rich, filled life. Fate generously gave him power, the talents of the commander, good luck and attention of beautiful women. Sultan was afraid, he was stolen, he worshiped him, he had everything he could wish and that was the deception.
His actions, at the end of life, can be assessed as the search for death, he hurried to meet his death, running away from the pleasing passions. But death did not give him a lightning point, as his victory was given to him. The end of it became protracted, shameful and deplorable, not only for him, but also for his descendants.
There were days of fun, I walked a young ...
About the early years of Bayazid, nothing is unknown, for a long time it was even unclear whether he was the eldest son Murada I or not. Now, thanks to the research of the American Omman, the W. Show and the German Orientalist F. Babirenga knows that he most likely he was younger than Savji and Yakuba.
His mother Gulchichek-Hatun, like his father Murada I, made a "career" of Sultan's wife from a simple concubine and ethnically, according to the researcher of the Ottoman state, was also a Greek. Maybe for this reason, and maybe thanks to natural intention and insight, but he tied his father's trust.
In the famous "letters of Sultanov" (Collection of documents of Sultanov) Feridun-Bay is the correspondence of Murad with Bayazid, where he asks to characterize his brothers and trace them. Shahzade Bayazid will quite correctly appreciate the Savji as potentially dangerous and unreliable, and Yakuba, as an obedient son. Characteristics These brothers will soon be confirmed and until Murad I will be in the European military campaign, Savji will raise the rebellion and make a coup, for which Murad will blind him and betray death.
Later, on the tradition of Ottoman Sultans, Bayazid will manage the province of Kyteje, located in the center of the initial ownership of the Ottoman Sultanate, with the task of ensuring the safety of eastern borders, until Murad is busy in Rumelia. Periodically, his father took him to his military expeditions. Such life will last with him before the fateful, for Murada I, the day of the battle on the Kosovo field, where he will die from the hand of the Serbian hero Milos Obolych, and Bayazid, killing his brother, will take the throne.
Whenever had malicious mountains and rivers full of wines ...
Becoming Sultan Bayazid favorably realized his talents of the commander, which is called for all 100. Conquering one after another land of his neighbors, he has multiplied power, wealth and influence in the modern world. His glory went ahead of him, all the ambassadors of the West and the East were surprised by the luxury of his courtyard and were captured by noble prisoners who were fortunate enough to be bought.
By its magnificence and luxury courtyard was comparable with Byzantium, the times of its maximum heyday. Reteasting in this luxury Sultan indulged in excesses, passions and mad. Most likely he became an alcoholic, since the Sultan's drunkenness speak not only sources from hostile by the Byzantine chronicles, but also loyal oriental historians.
If, at the beginning, Sultan was still in public affairs, then later he had already completely ceased to be interested in the state structure, dedicated to the time of the army, war and unrestrained kits in the interruptions between the campaigns. At times, as it is characteristic of most tormented by the dependences of people, it covered the shame and horror from the lifestyle that he led.
In the prayer mystical experience, Bayazid was laid in a lonely room of a personal mosque in Bursa. After a voluntary shutter, a lot of time had given conversations with Islamic theologians who were with him. Build mosques, madrasas, charitable institutions, as he writes about this in detail Lord Kinross in labor "flourishing and decay of the Ottoman Empire".
But addiction, the same demon who knows how to wait. To overcome it, you need to accept and recognize your powerlessness to her. Only then may abandon the temptation. It was absolutely not about Bayazid, - a proud, legged, non-permanent in his mood, in one word, he again and again deeper and deeper went deeper into the puchin of passions.
Cherche la femme…
The second, and maybe the meaning and first passion of the lightning sultan were women. While his father was alive, he was married to political calculations, with Fulane Hatun - the daughter of Serbian Prince Konstantin Odanovich, and the Devlet Hatun - the daughter of the ruler of Hermianian Suleiman Shah.Having become Sultan, he turned to the entire breadth of his nature. The wives were both from political calculations, and for the address of the all-consuming passion of Sultan, all wives and concubines were nine, these are only "officially" in writing sources. Byzantine sources say that boys also participated in the Vakhanalia Sultan. Leave it to their conscience, it is unknown about it.
But he had real love, in his heart forever captured the image of Oliver, which became despine-hutun, the daughter of the ruler of Serbia Lazari. Ashikpashazade in his writings, and many others, they say that it was the favorite wife of Sultan. In many key events in his life she was next to him. It will be written in more detail in the next article.
Last hike
When Tamerlan entered the army of the Ottoman Sultanate, for some time Bayazid I was in the capital and did not hurry with response. Some attribute it to the confusion of Basid, but it was not for nothing that the name of the lightning could not be frightened or discouraged.
Sultan accepted a very difficult solution for himself and most likely this decision was to die in battle. Without the opportunity to defeat himself, with their passions and lust, Bayazid decided to die like a warrior. A more reasonable explanation to his actions not to find.
Having accelerated the troops, he moved to his Grozny enemy to meet his Grozny enemy, losing the path of people, horses and serving, dying from dehydration and heat that was standing along the path of his follow. As an experienced commander, he could not not evaluate the favorable location of Tamerlan and its advantages, but it seemed that he was distraught.
In his own way, it was so, Sultan decided to finish the life of the heroic death and his rest was completely worried. In the way, he was accompanied by the faithful beloved wife of Oliver and nothing else was not necessary for him. Even when a quarter of his troops, in the face of Tatars, he moved to the side of the enemy, he did not refuse the conceived and moved to Tamerlan by all the remaining forces.
The chronicles witnessed that when Bayazid's troops were broken, he did not try to retreat with them and hide. Sultan himself broke into the thick of the enemy and entered into a hand-to-hand fight, but he was valuable prey and took him alive.
Captivity and shameful death of Sultan
Some chronicles argue that Bayazid was kept in a cage, his beloved wife was welcomed forced to serve Tamerlane, and after his eyes were raped ("History of Slavs" Mavro Abyond). Others say that it cost him respectfully and worthy, in particular the Persian historian Sharafaddin Yazdi in Zafar-Non. Most likely the truth somewhere in the middle.
But for Sultan, who had everything, all, and always, - the captivity became painful torture. In addition, the Tamerlan took him everywhere with himself, in order to break the resistance of his subjects and show Bayazid, who is now the owner in his Sultanate.
Bayazid died without living in captivity and year. Lutfi Pasha and Ashikpashazade are leaning towards suicide versions. Others believe that he died himself, from asthma or something like that. In the people usually speak in this case: "His heart could not stand ...".
The life and death of Bayazid I is a lightning bright example of how egoism, the dependence and passion of one person, denounced by the authorities, can enjoy everything that has been created by him and its ancestors for many years.
Three of his son Isa, Mustafa and Mehmed started a fratricide war for the throne, the Sultanat collapsed, its territory in Asia narrowed to the size of Baylick during Orhans. My wife went to the winner, however, he dismissed the harem. Tamerlan lived by other categories:
"It can be seen, fate low appreciates the power and possessing extensive kingdoms, when he distributes them to cripples, to you, Krivoy and me chrome" ... - His words addressed to the captive bayazidu, with a laugh.However, in the history of Bayazid still entered! The same, as it was in life - unpredictable, incomprehensible and shallow sultan.
Literature and sources:
- Yu.A. Petrosyan "Ottoman Empire"
- Lord Kinross "Flowering and decay of the Ottoman Empire"
- Johann Shilterger "Journey Ivan Schilterercher in Europe, Asia and Africa from 1394 to 1427"
- Mavro Abyon "History of Slavs"