E-Corpus Publishing House, incwadi yomfanekiso wolimi lwaseRussia, usosayensi wezilimi, umcwaningi oholayo esifundeni ngolimi lwaseRussia, kwashicilelwa. V. V. Vinogradova RAS Irina Levtontina "Ngokweqiniso".
Iqoqe i-eseyi yakhe mayelana nezinguquko ngolimi kusukela ngo-1990s kuya ku-2020. Sishicilela izahluko mayelana nokuthi kungani intsha ikholelwa ukuthi igama elithi "isibani" liphume emfashini, futhi abantu abadala baqala ukuyisebenzisa.
ULamp Nyashi
Mashi 1, 2019 imbongi uLubinstein wabhala:
"Ake ungitshele, bangane bami abathandekayo, omunye wakho usebenzisa ngezikhathi ezithile - Ngezikhathi - Ngesikhathi - Ngempela, hhayi ngezingcaphuno, hhayi ezintshisakalweni zokuhleleka - igama elinjalo ngokuthi" isibani ". Futhi-ke ngilapha ngezikhathi ezithile ngaqala ukukhubeka njalo futhi ngokungazi ngibiza ngami ukuthi yini evame ukubizwa nini lapho bekhubeka, okuthi, nakancane amazwi "athi". "
Kukhumbula incazelo entsha yegama lesibani kufana nesibani esisodwa esiqeshini esisodwa esikhandiwe se-Intanethi mayelana nesibani uNyasha - uTyasha onesizotha (uTyan - ngomqondo wentombazane). Isibani - kusho okuhle, okuthokomele.
Nazi ezinye izibonelo:
"Ubusuku bami be-Blueberry bayifilimu yokuphupha nangokunesizungu. Ifilimu elifudumele nelifudumele, isibani. "
"Wake waba nesifiso sokuhlala kusihlwa, wasongelwa nge-pliad, wangenisa ubukele i-movie ephumuzayo nejabulisayo? Ngeke ngikholwe ukuthi akekho. Ngakho-ke, balungiselela uhlu lwamafilimu "weLamp" kuwe: "Amelie" 2001 ... "
"Abahleli bazokhetha izinkondlo ezinhle kakhulu, izibuko eziningi ezivela kwimisebenzi ehlongozwayo futhi bakubone emoyeni ..."
Ake sifake lapha futhi kamuva isibonelo, sesivele sivela ku-cowaid-swerevaradine 2020:
"Kepha ufuna ukuya kanjani entanjeni, isibani, endalskal okungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi. Ngamahlaya, othinta iso kanye nekhono lokungena ngokuhlanganyela ngemuva. Futhi ukuze ukuqoshwa kwevidiyo, khona-ke zonke izinhlelo ezinhle nezinhla ezimbili. "
Igama elithi isibani kule ncazelo liyindaba ethokozisayo kakhulu. Umthombo wakhe ungumsindo wesibani esifudumele. Inkulumo yavuka ngolimi lwabasebenzi abanomsindo kanye neminye "umsindo" futhi ibangelwa iqiniso lokuthi uguquko kusuka ku-Tube Amplifiers ku-Transitor ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwemisindo, ngokwezinye izikhalazo, ukuthi umsindo waba nokuphila Futhi kubanda, futhi kuphila futhi kufudumele kuphela nabadala abasebenzisa ama-amplifiers ndlefiers.
Ngakho-ke bekungekho lapha mayelana namalambu edeski, i-SCOCES, amalambu noma ama-chandeliers, kepha maqondana namadivayisi wesibani. Ngikhumbula iSoviet Anecdot:
- Ama-Comrades Fighters! Umthwali wabasebenzi anezikhali waphula umsakazo. Ngubani ongalungisa?
- Comrade Ensign! Futhi umsakazo kulokho: kuma-semiconductors noma kumalambu?
- Okwesiphukuphuku, ngiyaphinda: umsakazo kubaphathi bezisebenzi ezihlosiwe.
Kancane kancane, umsindo wokufudumala wesibani ofudumele wawukhonjiswa ngokunengqondo ngokuhlanganiswa kwezimangalo zakudala ze- "resionity" kanye ne- "Souvency". I-hardcore kuphela: izibani kuphela, amakhamera wefilimu kuphela, i-vinyl kuphela, yi-H / B kuphela. Futhi-ke, izincwadi zamaphepha kuphela - ama-elekhthronikhi abukho iphunga elithile, azikho ama-pellets amakhasi ... ngendlela, manje igama elithi analogue kwesinye isikhathi lisetshenziselwa ukukhombisa "esikoleni esidala".
Ngaphambi kwale ndawo, umlando wokuthuthukiswa kwamagama kwesibani segama uyaqondakala impela. Kepha lapho-ke kwenzeka into ethokozisayo ngokulandelayo: igama elithi isibani encazelweni elithi "muhle, elipholile" litholakala ngolimi lwentsha yanamuhla. Indodakazi yami-i-freshman esicelweni sami esichithwe inhlolovo yeVkontakte. Phakathi kwabafundisi bakhe, cishe abungeyena bantu (kwaba munye kwabangu-104) abangazi lesi sibani esisha, ngaphansi kwesigamu bamuzwa, kepha abazisebenzisi, futhi ngenxa yokuphuza cishe i-Half ikholelwa ukuthi kuphelelwe yisikhathi. Kwenzeka kanjani ukuthi bekulula kanjani ukulingana nemvelo yabantu abathi, mhlawumbe idivaysi eyodwa ezingubeni ezimpilweni zabo futhi ababonanga? Kungani ngokwemvelo basibona isiboshwa sesithombe kukho?
Iqiniso ngukuthi isibani segama ngokwalo esiko lesiko laseRussia line-halo ethile. Isibani, ikakhulukazi nge-nzishade, kungenye yezimpawu eziphambili zenduduzo yasekhaya. Konke, mhlawumbe, khumbula ukucabanga okuvela ku- "White Guard" Bulgakov:
"Ekamelweni enyanyekayo, njenganoma yiliphi igumbi, lapho isiyaluyalu, futhi sibi kakhulu, lapho iLapshade isuka esilambeni. Angikaze. Ungalokothi udonse isibani sesibani! Abazhur bangcwele. Ungalokothi ubalekele phakathi kwe-rat win ekutholeni okungaziwa engozini. Thanda isibani, funda - vumela i-blizzard, ulinde uze ufike kuwe. "
Isibani esine-ningshade sidala umbuthano wokukhanya okuthambile okuhlanganisa abantu abaseduze futhi bahlukanise umhlaba wangaphandle owesabekayo. Khumbula amakhethini ekhilimu we-bulgakovsky, alandelwa amaqhawe ezinxushunxushu. Hhayi ngengozi, i-lampshade - nenye yezinto eziphambili zokuhlaselwa "kwe-meshness". Kulokhu, amagama uP. Email no-A. Genis mayelana nama-60s wekhulu lamashumi amabili:
"Uma ama-LAMPSHADES nezindlovu kuphela esifubeni zishaya ngezikhathi ezithile, lapho kancane kancane i-mesh ibiba ngumthombo wazo zonke izinkathazo - ezifundweni ezingabekezeleleki." (P. Sil, A. Genis. 60th. Umhlaba womuntu waseSoviet, 2013).
Kuyamangaza ukuthi ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-mesh ne-lampisysy kuvezwa njengamanje. Ngobudlelwano bezibani ezinenduduzo kanye nomqashi esithombeni solimi lwesiRussia, sibhale kaningi nomlobi wami u-Alexei Schmelev.
Ngo-1982, i-OKudzhava Bulat enkondlweni "Ngiyawathanda amalambu edeski ..." kusho i-polemone embalwa (athi, ake akukhule, kepha kuyiqiniso futhi kuphefumulelwe):
Ngiyathandana nge-landcair ...
………………..
Ukukhanya okuphakanyiswe ngaphansi kwesibani
kuphinde kuvuse ithemba nokufutheka,
………………..
Ngoba awunikezi
Ngenhloso yamabili, zrayy ...
Vele, isibani esikolweni laseRussia futhi liyisibani esiluhlaza. Leli kwakuyigama lomphakathi onobungane we-Petersburg Loseble, ikakhulukazi amasosha, intsha ngo-19- 20 yekhulu le-XIX, lapho, ikakhulukazi, ikakhulukazi, ngokucindezela i-descig. Ekamelweni lokuhlangana kwakukhona isibani sesibani esiluhlaza esingutsheni - futhi igama elifanekiswe "ukukhanya nethemba". EParis ngo-1927-1939, igama elifanayo laligama elifanayo, lenziwe nguD. S. Merezhkovsky noZ. N. N. HIPPIUS. Indaba ka-Alexander Green kanye nendaba ka-Alexander Green, lapho unyaka unyaka unyaka nonyaka ukhanyisa isibani efasiteleni, waklebhula ubumnyama bebusuku futhi enikeza ithemba. Futhi futhi "isibani esiluhlaza" yi-podcast yokubhala yezingane.
Ngokuvamile, isibani silayishwe ezinhlanganweni zamasiko aseRussia, ezikwanele ukuthi isibani segama lesibani kunani elithi "lithokomele, elifudumele" litholwe kalula ngisho nabantu abangazi lutho ngemisindo.
Nakhu okunye okuthakazelisa. Njengoba kungabonakala kunhlolovo yeVkontakte, iningi lentsha likholelwa ukuthi isibani segama selivele liphume ngemfashini ("yebo, akekho okhuluma iminyaka eyikhulu!"). Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, abanye abantu abadala baqala ukusebenzisa kancane kancane leli gama, okokuqala ngezingcaphuno, bese bethi ngaphandle (okuthi, ngendlela, kungabonakala ngamazwana okuthunyelwe okucashunwe kwebhubesi iRuisStein e-FaisBook).
Ngasikhathi sinye, iLamp Sgecucent igxilile emugqeni kaWawaii, uNyashny, Mimmichnaya - ngezwi, ku-subculture ye-milot, ngezindlela eziningi ezihambisana ne-anime (izithombe zaseJapan). Intsha, ikakhulukazi amantombazane, abezindaba zalokhu okuhlongotho, bakhipha imali yendabuko yeSysyyania ne-Umnost.
Kwabadala, isibani segama livulwa komunye umongo. Isikhathi eside, induduzo, ukujwayelekile, ngokujwayelekile, konke okujwayelekile nokujwayelekile kwakuyizindinganiso zethu ezi-oda eziphansi, futhi lokho kwakungeyona amagugu nakancane. Inhlanganisela yama-coats amahle, umhlaba othokomele ozwakala udelela. Lesi simo sishintshe kakhulu ekugcineni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili - bekungenjalo ukuthi amazwi kaGlamorness asakaze ngokushesha okukhulu (kukhombisa ubuhle obungafuni ukubaluleka kobuciko), ukhululekile (kufaka phakathi ubudlelwano phakathi kwabantu), okwanele ( Mayelana nomuntu), njll. Kube yilokho ngesiRussia kwakukhona amagama amancane anozwela ebumnene ebumnandi obungewonakalisi, ubuhle behle ngaphandle kokuphela, ukuheha ngaphandle kwe-qatarsis. Ngakho-ke, isibani segama elibalwa ngendlela.
[2019]