Ososayensi baseJalimane bafunda ukwakheka kwegciwane leSARS-Cov-2 besebenzisa amamodeli we-3D. Ukuhlolisisa ama-molecular of coronavirus kuzosiza ekutholeni okusebenzayo ukulwa nezithako ze-pathogen.
Isazi sezinto eziphilayo ezihlelekile ezivela eWürzburg Andea ameva kusukela ekuqaleni kwalo bhubhane zizama ukunquma izingxenye zamaprotheni zakwa-SARS-CoV-2. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze abathuthukisi bemithi yokugoma nezidakamizwa emhlabeni wonke ukuthola izindlela zokuvikelwa kokuvikelwa iBerliner Zeitung. Engxoxweni nencwadi ethi shicilelo, uchwepheshe wathi ngenxa yokuqonda okunembile ngokwakhiwa kwama-molecule e-coronavirus kanye nokuba khona kwamamodeli abo, ungathola ukuthi leli gciwane lisebenza kanjani. Isibonelo, uma edonsa iseli lomuntu futhi akwenze kukhiqize amanye amagciwane, isinyathelo ngasinye senziwe nge-molecule yamaprotheni. Ngakho-ke, ukunqanyulwa kwalawa ma-molecule amaprotheni kusho ukuyeka ukutheleleka.
Ngabe kubukeka kanjani i-SARS-cov-2?
ICoronavirus ayindizeki impela. Kubukeka njenge-bubble yesepha ngokunyakaza njalo. Ungqimba lwangaphandle luthambile futhi luqukethe ama-acid amafutha afana namakhemikhali. Ngakho-ke, insipho ingancibilikisa ngokuphelele i-virus Shell - inqobo nje uma izandla zigeze isikhathi eside ngokwanele. Ingqimba yangaphandle imbozwe yi-spikes okuthiwa ivumela leli gciwane ukungena ngokwesibonelo kuma-amaphunga amaphaphu. Kepha iqiniso lokuthi abaningi babiza leli gciwane empeleni lokhu kuyi "hlobo lezokuthutha". Ngaphakathi kuthwala impahla yofuzo yama-molecule angama-28 amaprotheni. Iningi lazo liqala ukwakhiwa kwiseli elisingathwa ukuze liliguqule libe yinto yokukhiqiza amagciwane.Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi amagciwane akwazi ukubonakala. Bangase bangafisi ngisho nokuthi izithombe zombala eziboniswe kwabezindaba ziyizithombe zegciwane. Igciwane nengozi yalo alibonakali. "Abantu ababoni ukuthi abaningi abafile ababoni ngokuphelele amagatsha okuvuselela kabusha ngoba kukhona ukuvinjelwa kokuvakasha. Futhi kungenye yezizathu esizenzile futhi esiprinte ngazo
Ukuze wenze ingozi ebonakalayo, "isazi sezinto eziphilayo ezazise.
Unganquma kanjani ukwakheka kwamangqamuzana
Ochwepheshe balinganisela hhayi lonke igciwane, kepha ama-molecule awo kuphela. Inhloso yezakhiwo zesayensi yezakhiwo zesakhiwo ukucinga enye yamaprotheni ahlukene angama-28 ezakhi ze-SARS-CoV-2. Omunye umsebenzi ukwenza i-crystallize amaprotheni amaqanda. Amakristalu asayizi weshumi lamamilimitha futhi aqukethe izinkulungwane zamangqamuzana afanayo amaprotheni. Lapho-ke le crystal ilinganiswe kusetshenziswa ama-X-ray ku-Synchrotron accelerator yezinhlayiya njengeBesy II eBerlin. Le mininingwane isivumela ukuthi senze imodeli enezici ezintathu ze-molecule eyenziwe ngayo ikristali.
Njengengxenye yesifundo, amamodeli adalwe ngesisekelo sezilinganiso ezitholwe ahloliwe futhi athuthukiswa. Amalungu eqembu le-Andrea Thorn alandelwa yi-athomu ngalinye eliboniswe ku-3D Monitor. Ukuzalwa kabusha kwamagciwane kungathatha kusuka ezinyangeni ezi-1 kuye kwezingama-36 ngokuhlanza kuze kube kuyasebenza. Ama-egg protein akhazimula kusuka ezinyangeni ezi-1 kuye kwezingu-24. Ukukala eSynchrotron kuthatha cishe imizuzu emithathu. Ukuqoqwa kwedatha kanye nomhlangano wezakhiwo ngosizo lwamaphoyinti akhethekile kutholakala ngesonto kuya kwezinyanga ezine uchwepheshe ochaziwe.
Kuze kube manje, ososayensi balinganisa ama-molecule angama-17 angama-28. Ngenkathi izakhiwo zingesikho okuningi - Incazelo ithatha amasonto ambalwa noma izinyanga - kepha lezi zinhlaka zingalinganiswa kalula kwikhompyutha. Njengoba zimbalwa kuphela izinkulungwane ku-molecule zishintshiwe. Ngemuva kobhubhane, inani lezifundo linciphise kakhulu futhi azisasebenzi. Isazi sezinto ezihlelekile ezikholelwayo: Uma izifundo ze-SARS-Cov-2 zenziwa njalo ososayensi bezoba nolwazi olwengeziwe ngeCoronavirus. Kungaba inzuzo enkulu futhi wakuvumela ukuba alungiselele kangcono ubhubhane olandelayo.