UMordva ungowesishiyagalolunye phakathi kwabantu baseRussia, iningi labameleli balo lihlala eRiphabhulikhi yaseMordovia. Amasiko ama-Moreder kufanele abhekwe njengokucabanga kokwehlukaniswa kwabantu abe ngamasiko amabili ama-subliltintul - amasiko akwa-ERYLESHAN naseMokwan.
Izakhi eziningi zamasiko zalaba bantu ziyefana, kepha kunomehluko obonakalayo ovezwa ngokuya ngendawo yezizwe eziseduzane. Amasiko esihlalo ahlangana kakhulu namasiko aseRussia, ngoba iminyaka eminingi laba bantu bahlangene eduze futhi bathonyesana, kepha kukhona nezinto zoqobo. Siyini isiko laseMordovian?
UMordva - Moksha no-Erzya
Abantu baseMordovian bangumgcini womlando ocebile namagugu amasiko. Uma ukwahlukana phakathi kukaMokwa no-Erzya bekubonakala kakhulu, namuhla kuvame ukuvezwa kuphela ngezimpawu zangaphandle. Uhla olubi futhi olunezinwele ezinamakhanda amnyama kuma-erzhans, kanye nama-floks - kuMokwanam.
Imvunulo yezwe yadlala indima enkulu iqhaza elidala empilweni yesizwe ngasinye. UMokshanok wenziwa ukugqoka amakhambi abanzi kanye nehembe, elaliboshwe okhalweni.
Kepha abesifazane be-erziang bakhetha amahembe amade afana nezingubo. Izihloko zabesifazane i-ERYLANI zihlobisa amaphethini, ezinye zifana nokude isiRussia kokoshniki, kepha uMoksha maningi amathuba okuthi afanekiselwa ama-turbans aseMpumalanga.
Amasiko omshado wobuso
Ngisho nangesikhathi sethu, abantu baseMordovian banamathela kumasiko amadala. Enye yemicimbi ebaluleke kakhulu empilweni yomuntu ngumshado. Emakhunjini ambalwa edlule, lo mshado wenziwa ngezindlela ezihlukile: Ukushiya noma ukuzikhohlisa, wabiyela.
Inketho yokuqala ibilungele abamele izingqimba zenhlalo eziphansi, abampofu, ababengenakukwazi ukukhokhela izindleko zeholide. Uhlobo lwesibili lwe-muzzle lwaluvame kakhulu. Wacabanga ukuthi wenza amasiko abalulekile, ukusuka kwezingxoxo ezenziwayo, izingxoxo ezandulelayo phakathi kwezihlobo zesikhathi esizayo.
Ngobusuku bomshado, umakoti kwakufanele aphumelele amasiko okuhlanza. Ibize "ukugeza kwentombazana". Kwama-mordva, amanzi anamandla angcwele angcwele, ayegcinwe ezikhathini zamaqaba kuze kube sosuku lwethu. Ngaphambi komshado, uMlobokazi kwakufanele ahlanze ngezono namabutho angafakwanga, angafika kuye.
Akunasiko elibaluleke kangako 'elingenalutho ngephalishi.' Ubhalwe ezihlotsheni zikaKashi (kwesinye isikhathi wathathelwa indawo amakhekhe). Ukubathola, uMlobokazi ubonge futhi waqala ukukhononda ngesiphetho sakhe. Yebo, kwakuyisici esinamandla sokuqeqeshwa, noma ngabe le ntombazane ibibheke phambili kosuku lwamaholide futhi yathandana nomkhwenyana wayo.
Ezinsukwini zakudala, ukuxoshwa okunjalo kungaqhubeka cishe isonto lonke, futhi kamuva kwanciphisa izinsuku eziningana. Namuhla, isiko elifanayo lokuziphatha empeleni alinakwenzeka ukubona, abahambi bathi ukuluma kwezikhalazo nokukhala okukodwa kugcinwe emizaneni yokususwa. Lapho kuphothulwa, umakoti unikeza intombi yakhe enhle kakhulu indandatho noma iribhoni leribhoni. Isipho esinjalo sifanekisela ukuvalelisa intombi.
Ingxenye yokugcina futhi eqinile kakhulu yomshado ukulimala komakoti. Kulesisiko, umama oshebeziwe noyise womkhwenyana futhi wadelela (umuntu okufanele aqaphe inqola) uyahileleka. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi umshado ebusweni yisakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi lapho kukhona "amazinga" awo.
Amaholide Moordvoy
Kukhalenda laseMordovian, amaholide amaningi ahlukile kakhulu, kepha iningi lawo lihlotshaniswa nezinkathi kanye nokukhulekelwa kwemvelo. Ebusika, baqala ukulungiselela iholide elithi "Roshtovan Kudo". Akanawona analivukela esikhathini sethu, noma kunjalo, intsha uMordva inokuthandwa okukhulu. Wayehambisana nezingoma, imidanso, imidlalo, kanye nemicikilisho "yemilingo", ezinye zazo ezazinempilo enkulu kakhulu.
Futhi emasikweni e-ERYORDOVIAN ERYYA, sifunda amaholide ozks, ngesikhathi sezikhathi zokunwetshwa kwabampofu cishe ezinikelwe ekuqothulweni, futhi namuhla baphenduka umkhosi wezinhlanga. Ukufika kobuKristu kwaletha msulwa amasiko, kepha akuzange kube mnandi kangako. Elinye lamaholide athandekayo kakhulu "laliCalyadan-Chi", elaliqhutshwa kuKhisimusi Khisimusi u-Eve futhi laliyi-analogue yoSuku lweRussia lweStrides.
Abantu baseMordovian bakholelwa ukuthi lolu suku bekungukuzalwa kwelanga olusha, oluzuza amandla kancane futhi luvela esibhakabhakeni. Kusihlwa, i-Eva yeholide, izingane zabuthana ngamaqembu zadlula emagcekeni. Benze omakhelwane izingoma eziqinile, futhi baphatha abadlali abanoswidi namanye amaswidi.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi iningi labameli bama-MODDVA namuhla bangamaKristu, izimbotshana zobuqaba zezinkolelo zokhokho ezikude zibizwa ngamasiko abo. Isibonelo, entwasahlobo, i-Easter Moksha no-Eriangan bayenzela izipho oshonile no-Eriana, futhi bacele imimoya yabameleli bohlobo lwabo ukuthumela isivuno esihle nemindeni.
Ekwindla emikhakheni yaseMordovia, ungabona ama-rye band ama-rye angaxinaki. Kuhlotshaniswa futhi nezinkolo zobuqaba. Ezinsukwini zakudala, abantu baseMordovian bakhonza uNkulunkulu ukuzala kwangoNorovava. Walethwa esinkwa sakhe nosawoti, owawubeka phambi kwensimu, washiya nemizila eminingana kakolweni noma eRye, eyayithathwa njengesipho saphezulu.
UMordva - abantu abakhanyayo nabahlukile, abaziqhenya ngesiko labo elicebile nomlando. Amasiko obuso abonisa ithonya lesiRussia nabanye abantu abangomakhelwane, kanti ezinye izici zamasiko e-Erziang kanye ne-Mokshan zihlukile kakhulu.
Abantu baseMordovia ngabantu kusukela isikhathi eside, ngenhlonipho bangowomhlaba wendabuko, imvelo, amasiko amadala namasiko. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, sazi okuncane kakhulu ngesiko leminyakatha, ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukuqhubeka nokutadisha, ngoba ngaso sonke isikhathi kwenzeka lokho okusha.