"NgoMashi 16, 2021, isimemezelo esisalungiswa sikahulumeni waseRussia Federation" ezivumelwaneni eziphakathi kweziphathimandla eziphezulu kanye nezinhlangano zomnotho ukuthi zizokwehlisa futhi zizokwehlisa amanani ezimibuli emaminerali ngo-2021 kwathunyelwa esizeni sezenzweni zomthetho .
Kimi, ikakhulukazi, kuhlongozwa egameni likaSihlalo woHulumeni weRussian Federation M.V. IMishAustina izolungisa imiyalo eMnyangweni Wezimboni kanye Nezohwebo zeRussia Federation kanye noMnyango Wezolimo weRussian Federal ukuze aphele nezivumelwano nabakhiqizi bokunciphisa amanani kuze kube nguJulayi 1, 2021.
Abakhiqizi bomanyolo basekhaya baphinde bathande ukugcizelela ukunakwa ukuthi imakethe yaseRussia yazo iyinto ebaluleke kakhulu amasu. Umanyolo uza emakethe yasekhaya kunanoma yiliphi elinye izwe lomhlaba. Eminyakeni engu-5 edlule, ama-Agrarians aseRussia akhuphule ukusetshenziswa komanyolo wamaminerali amahlandla amabili nesigamu. Isidingo somanyolo wamaminerali esimenyezelwe uMnyango Wezolimo waseRussia ngo-2021 wawungamathani ayizigidi ezingama-4,52, okucishe kube yikota kuqhathaniswa no-2020. Ngo-2024, uMnyango wezoLimo wahlela ukusetshenziswa okwenziwe ngamamineli amabili.
Ukuqinisekisa izidingo ezikhulayo zabase-Russian Agrarians kumanyolo kanye nokulondolozwa kwezikhundla ezinqotshwe ezimakethe zakwamanye amazwe eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo, inkampani yeRapap ifaka ama-ruble angama-1,6. Ngokusho kwezimali, ngo-2026 imboni izokwanda ngama-70% (ngokuqhathaniswa no-2013)
Imakethe yaseRussia ingesinye sezimakethe ezizinzile emhlabeni, futhi abakhiqizi baseRussia banentshisekelo ekuthuthukisweni kwayo. Kulokhu kuxhumana, kunokwesekwa okuhlelekile kwama-Agrarians asekhaya okuhlose ukwandisa ukutholakala kwamanyolo wamaminerali.
Ikakhulu, indlela yokufaka izintengo ze-Federal Antimonopoly Service for Maineral Umanyolo wamaminerali isetshenziswe ngempumelelo eRussia, futhi abakhiqizi bomanyolo basebenzisa iqoqo lezinyathelo zokugcina amanani ngaphansi kwezimo ze-Macroeconomic.
Inqubo ye-FAS kanye nezindlela zokufaka amanani ezintengo zihlinzekwa ngamanani abakhiqizi bezolimo baseRussia abaphansi kunabancintisana nabo phesheya.
Umehluko phakathi kwentengo yokuthumela ngaphandle kanye nentengo emakethe yasekhaya ifinyelela kuma-20-30%. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuvumela abathengisi baseRussia bemikhiqizo yezolimo ukuthi bancintisane ngempumelelo izimakethe zokudla zomhlaba. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lokhu kusho ukuthi abakhiqizi bomanyolo wamaminerali basakaza minyaka yonke kuma-ruble billion ama-ruble ama-ruble atholakalayo nezinzuzo zawo zokutshala imali.
Ngemuva kwamanani entengo anezinhlobo ezisemqoka zamanyolo wamaminerali ngo-40% ngonyaka we-2019-2020, namuhla eRussia kukhona umkhuba wokuvuselela. Ngenxa ye-FAS kanye nabakhiqizi, amanani entengo kamanyolo wamaminerali asaphansi kuno-2015 (!). Lokhu kufakazelwa yidatha yeRosstat.
Ngokusho koMnyango Wezolimo waseRussia, isabelo senani lamanyolo wamaminerali ngentengo ephakathi enesisindo sokolweni ngo-2019 ayizange idlule ku-13.5%. Ngokusho kwezilinganiso ze-ICAR, isabelo somanyolo wamaminerali ngentengo ephakathi enesisindo sokolweni ekuqaleni kuka-2020 awedluli ku-12%. Ngokusho kwenkampani yokubonisana ey, izindleko zamanyolo wamaminerali ekuthengisweni kwemikhiqizo yokudla ebalulekile emphakathini (ikakhulukazi, imikhiqizo ye-bakery) ayidluli i-1-2% (!).
Emihlanganweni ebanjwe ngesonto eledlule kuhulumeni waseRussia Federation, iqoqo lezinyathelo ezisetshenzisiwe zaqashelwa njengezinto ezisebenzayo, ezilandela ukusuka emaminithini omhlangano, lapho kungekho misindo yokuncipha okuphansi kwamanani ayilungisiwe.
Futhi i-rap ibhekwa njengesethi ekhona yezinyathelo zokuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwamanyolo wamaminerali anele futhi aqede.
Ngokuqondene nokwakhiwa kochwepheshe benkonzo yezolimo ye-Russical Federation, kusho ukudlwengulwa, kungahlonzwa ukuze kudaleke izinzuzo ezingezona ezingenangqondo zabakhiqizi bezolimo abaningi ngenxa yokulahleka kwezezimali ngenxa yokulahleka kwezimali Umanyolo nokulungiswa kwangempela kwemodi engeyona imakethe yokuxhaswa kabusha komkhakha owodwa.
Ngasikhathi sinye, kuyabandlulula hhayi kuphela maqondana nabakhiqizi bomanyolo wamaminerali, kepha nakulabo balimi abathenga umanyolo wamaminerali kusengaphambili, benciphisa ukuncintisana kwabo kwabakhiqizi bezolimo, ngoba ngochwepheshe bawoNkonzo Wezolimo Wezezimali zaseRussia, uhlongoze ukunciphisa amanani. Kuphambene ngqo nencwadi, nomoya wemithetho yokulwa nokulwa nokubalwa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu hlelo lunciphisa yonke imizamo yoMnyango Wezimboni kanye nezohwebo zeRussia Federation kanye ne-block yezomnotho kahulumeni waseRussia Federy ukuzethula umjikelezo omusha wokutshala imali embonini, kufaka phakathi ingxenye yokutshala imali kakhulu yomanyolo wamaminerali imboni.
Ukuvinjwa kwamaphrojekthi wokutshala imali kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi esobala yabalimi baseRussia ngokuya ngokucindezela izinhlobo zemikhiqizo esebenza kahle kakhulu yokuthuthuka kwezolimo, kanye nokuthinta ukuqaliswa komanyolo wasekhaya wokuqinisekisa ama-Agrarizers amaminerali ku Isikhathi eside, kucatshangelwa ukukhula okukhulu. Ukusetshenziswa kwabo.
Ngomjikelezo wokutshala imali owedlule 2013-2020. Umanyolo wamaminerali watshalwa ekwakhiweni kwama-ruble angaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-1,3. Isibonelo, ngokuya ngemiphumela ka-2019, umthamo wokutshala imali ngaphezulu kwezikhathi ezi-2 udlule isilinganiso somkhakha wokwakha.
Amasu oMnyango Wezolimo awenziwanga ngaphandle kokukhulisa ukukhiqizwa komanyolo wamaminerali, kucatshangelwa isidingo sokwandisa ngaphandle kwama-non-enerloneus ngaphandle kohlaka lwe-National Project "Export" Export ". Ingxenye yemboni embonini okungeyona eyobunjiniyela ngaphandle kwamandla kwamandla kwa-2020 ibe yi-4.3%.
Ukukhula kwe-APC ngonyaka odlule kufinyelela ku-5.2%, kanti inani lamabhizinisi angenanzuzo lehlile laya ku-11%. Iningi labakhiqizi bezolimo baseRussia banezindlela ezidingekayo zokuthola umanyolo wamaminerali emazweni emakethe. Noma kunjalo, ochwepheshe boMnyango Wezolimo baseRussia bahlosiwe umsebenzi ukuze balandelwe ama-Agrarians ukuthola umanyolo wamaminerali "ngentengo edingekayo kubo."
Umbono wokufakwa ngaphansi kwesilinganiso esilinganiselwe se-agro-indistriction talford ngokunciphisa amanani entengo ngenkani umanyolo wamaminerali, empeleni kusho ukwesekwa komkhakha owodwa othumele ngaphandle ngenxa yomunye, futhi njengoba sekuphawuliwe, kuyaphawuleka maqondana ne abakhiqizi bomanyolo wamaminerali.
Ukulawulwa kokuphatha kwemakethe, ukuncishiswa okuphoqelelwe kanye nokulungiswa kwamanani entengo yemikhiqizo yemboni ngeke kube nomthelela ngokunembile ekusebenzeni kwemisebenzi yokutshala imali. Lezi zinhlelo zizonciphisa amanani entuthuko emisha futhi ngenxa yalokho - ubungozi, ekwakhekeni komkhuba ofanele, ukuncishiswa okuthe xaxa ekuhlanganisweni kwabakhiqizi bezimbiwa ekwandeni kwezikhungo ezintsha kanye nokwakhiwa kwemisebenzi emisha.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanani entengo entengo yezimpahla zezimpahla nezinsizakusebenza eziphakathi nendawo (lapho umanyolo afaka khona), ngokungafani nokulungisa amanani okudla kokugcina (njengoshukela kanye no-oyela we-sunflower), angasetshenziswa kwamanye amazwe aphenya ngokuhweba kanye nemisebenzi evimbayo yokuphatha emikhiqizweni yezolimo zaseRussia. "
(Umthombo: Rap).