Abafundi baseSoviet Times bangafunda unyaka ngengxenye encane noma bathole ulwazi oluphindwe kabili uma kungeyona inkambo enhle ye-marxism-leninism, okwadingeka afunde wonke umuntu. Futhi hhayi ngandlela thile osizakale, ngokuzithandela, kodwa ngokungathi sína kakhulu.
Umlando we-CPSU, izinto ezibonakalayo nezingokomlando, umnotho wezepolitiki wobungcweti kanye nobuntu bezenhlalo abangakholelwa ebukhoneni bukaNkulunkulu futhi, uCherry kwikhekhe, ubukhomanisi besayensi. Iminyaka emihlanu, izifundo zabalwa izivivinyo eziyi-6-7 ezizama kuphela ukuthi zingadluli. Ukunikezela kwezivivinyo "zezinkomo" ezihlokweni ezintathu eziphezulu eziholele emiphumeleni emibi kakhulu - ukuncishiswa kwezifundo.
Umthetho oyinhloko, uma ukudlwengula - phumula bese uzama ukujabulela. Vumela ubuchopho bakho buye badalule ubudlova. Ngokuphumula, kwavela kahle. Yonke imininingwane yemibono yanyamalala ekhanda ngaso leso sikhathi. Ngelinye ilanga ngemuva kokuhlolwa, ubani ongakhumbula lapho i-XVI Party Congress ye-Bolsheviks yenzeka? Kuhlala kungumuzwa omuhle kakhulu ovela eqinisweni lokuthi into engcolile ne-angular eya ekhanda lami.
Akuwona wonke umuntu okwazile ukujabulisa. Kepha kusaphethwe. Ukuhlanekezelwa okuncane kwakuwukubala, ubani u-Ilyich emsebenzini wakhe wefilosofi "ngokuthanda izinto ezibonakalayo kanye ne-empiricritism" Oreurug ngaphezulu: Mach noma u-Avenarius. Izingcaphuno ezincibilikezeke kakhulu ezinjengokuthi "kungaba yiphutha elikhulu kakhulu lokucabanga" noma ukulingana okususelwa kulabo abadumile: "Ubukhomanisi ngumandla weSoviet kanye nogesi wezwe lonke." Ngabe amandla eSoviet azolingana kanjani?
Kufakwe okupholile, okukhuluma ngolimi lwentsha yamanje, futhi kuzama ukufakazela ukuthi uLenin wathathelwa indawo yiliphi igatsha lempilo. Nangu futhi "i-elektroni ibuye ingeneliseki, njenge-athomu", futhi "ubuciko bungokwabantu", futhi "imfundiso kaMarx ayinamandla, ngoba iyiqiniso" (futhi mhlawumbe "kwesokudla, ngoba i-Omnibin"?)
Lezi zinjabulo zazingakaze zibe nazo. Kwavela ukuthi kwanoma yiliphi igatsha lesayensi yeSoviet noma ukukhiqizwa kobusosayensi kwezenhlalo kukhona isitatimende saseLeninist. Kufanele aziwe futhi uqiniseke ukuthi ucaphuna ngokulandelana noma ukwethulwa kwanoma yimuphi umbhalo, osukela ku-dissertation kanye nokuphela ngombiko wonyaka owenziwayo. Inkokhiso enjalo yeZaideline yendawo yonke, eyayesabi futhi ayithukutheli, kodwa ixubene kuphela.
Okuhlukile kwadingeka ngenze ngemuva kokuphothula esikhungweni semfundo esiphakeme, zonke izinhlobo zokubhala iphepha lehhovisi. Kepha njengoba wonke amakilasi ami ayelingana nobuciko bebonke futhi kusukela emculweni ikakhulukazi, ngobuhlakani bukaLenin, njengomculi, bekungafanele ngizwe. Cha, ngeqiniso lokuthi wayeyimpandla evela ku- "Appassionates", kunjalo, wayazi. Kumafilimu aphathelene nengane, lo mholi wakhombisa umama wakhe, ubuhlakani epiyano. Kepha uLenin ngokwakhe njengomculi?
Ngaleso sikhathi - iqiniso lomlando.
- NgoMashi 1922, uLenin wafunda ukudlala ngensimbi yomculo! Ngaphezu kwalokho, leli thuluzi lalingama-elekthronikhi.
Uzokwethula umholi wezwe proletariat ne-bass isiginci se-nericulture, futhi ugqolozeke eshawini.
Uthisha kaLenin kule Chearlee wayengumsebenzi wePetrograd Physico-Technical Institute Lev Sergeevich Termen (1896-1993). Ngalolo suku, uL. I-Therman yabonisa usihlalo woMkhandlu Wokusungulwa yi-alamu engaxhunyiwe yasungulwa yibo.
Futhi-ke wakhombisa ukusungulwa kwakhe kwesibili, lapho kwakusetshenziswa khona umgomo ofanayo ukudala umculo usebenzisa ithuluzi elikhethekile, elibizwa ngokuthi yi-termis ngesizotha ngokuthi "i-termenvox", elalihunyushelwa "ngezwi likaTronmen". Kuleli thuluzi ku-physico-technical Institute, sahleka: "I-Thermman idlala i-glutch ku-voltmeter."
Le nsit in Institute, lapho uL. S. Termin sature kusukela ngo-1919 babamba isikhundla seNhloko yelebhu, hhayi ngeze ebizwa nge-physico-technical. Ngaphambi kwakhe kwakuwumsebenzi wokwethula imiphumela emisha evulwe ezindaweni zokusebenza ngokomzimba ekusebenzeni kwezobuchwepheshe. Icala eline-termin liwumbukiso omkhulu wokuthi imiphumela emibi kangakanani yomzimba ingasetshenziswa kanjani ezindaweni ezikude kakhulu endaweni yokuzalwa.
I-Lev Therman ngaleso sikhathi yayivele ingugesi onolwazi ngogesi nonjiniyela. Ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, wakhonza eshalofini elilinganiselwe likagesi, elalisebenzela isiteshi somsakazo sezempi eRoyal Core.
E-Fiztech, uL. S. Therman bekufanele axazulule inkinga yokulinganisa i-dielectric ihlala njalo yamagesi emazingeni okushisa ahlukahlukene nasengcindezini. I-voltage kagesi ephezulu, okuxazulula i-dielectric "ngaphandle kokwehlukana" kuya ngenani lalesi sici esibalulekile segesi.
Umqondo wokulinganisa wawulula futhi awunaze. Umkhumbi ovaliwe onegesi namapuleti amabili wensimbi ungumquba, umthamo wawo onqunywa yigesi esitsheni. Uma kufana ne-condenser enjalo ukufaka ikhoyili ethile yokuqalisa, umjikelezo we-oscillating, isifunda sikagesi esikhiqiza i-oscillations engathandeki yemvamisa etholwayo. Ngasikhathi sinye, imvamisa yama-oscillation akhiqizwayo azoncika ekukhohlisweni kwe-capacitor, ngakho-ke, ukusuka kugesi oqhubekayo we-dielectric, uthengiswe esitsheni. Ifaka inani lenani lemvamisa lefomula eyinkimbinkimbi ethe xaxa, sithola igesi yaphakade ye-dielectric.
Ukuze wandise ukuzwela kokufakwa kokulinganisa, i-thermoveman ihlanganise imiphumela yama-generator amabili, enye yazo, okujwayelekile, okwenziwe ama-oscillations ajwayelekile angenakuguqulwa. Amasiginali womajeli womabili andlisiwe kokufakwa komjikelezo kagesi, i-heteroodine, eyakha isiginali ngemvamisa umehluko ekuphumeni. Ukukala umehluko wesiginali kwandise ukunemba kokulinganisa okuphelele.
Inzuzo eyengeziwe yalolu hlelo ukuthi imvamisa umehluko wawela ebangeni lomsindo. Umcwaningi akazange abone kuphela ukufundwa kwensiza yomcibisholo, kodwa futhi kwawazwa. Elula, akunjalo?
Kepha okuhle kakhulu kuyisitha esihle. Kulokhu uhlelo lwaluzwela kakhulu. Uphendule ngisho nasekuhambeni kwesandla, esashintsha umthamo we-contour, okusho ukuthi ithoni yomsindo ekhishwe endaweni yokuphuma. Kwenziwe uL. S. I-TEASEN inweba ezimbili ezengeziwe.
Ukusungulwa kokuqala sekuphenduke i-alamu ye-elekthronikhi engaxhumana naye engaxhumana naye, ephendule ushintsho engxenyeni ephelele yesitsha kagesi kagesi. Ushintsho olunjalo, ngokwesibonelo, lungenzeka emnyango womuntu ezakhiweni ezigadiwe.
Ukusungulwa kwesibili kwakuyi-termenverlelox. Wayene-antenna yensimbi, eyayipuleti elilodwa le-capacitor. Ipuleti lesibili kwakuyisandla somculi. Ukunyakaza kwesandla kuye kwi-antenna noma kuye, umculi usushintshe iCapacitor Capacitance. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuphakama kwethoni ye-beep eshintshiwe. Idivayisi yaveza kabusha umculo! I-Timbre yalo mculo yayingajwayelekile futhi yadala umbono wokuthi yinhle futhi iyathakazelisa. Ukuhamba kwesandla kwesibili, isiyingi, i-antenna ingashintsha ivolumu yomsindo.
I-Therman izama i-New Musical Ithuluzi lika-1920. Futhi ngo-1921, wakhombisa ukusungulwa kwakhe eViii yonke ingqungquthela ye-Electrotechnical Congress yaseRussia. Ukuphuma kobunjiniyela bakagesi kwenzeka ngemuva kweCongress edumile yemikhandlu, lapho i-V. I. Lenin ibike ngecebo lokufakwa ngogesi kweRussia, iGoello.
Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa, leli mbumbulu lamenyelwa eKremlin ukukhombisa ukusungulwa kwalo: ne-alamu yezokuphepha, kanye nensimbi entsha yomculo. Ngesinye isikhathi, umhlangano wonjiniyela noSihlalo woMkhandlu Womkhandlu Wabantu Wenziwa.
Kuthuluzi lokuqala lomculo we-elekthronikhi emhlabeni, iHelter yadlala imisebenzi eminingana ye-lenin. Umculo we-termenvox ukuze kungabonakali kungukungajwayelekile kakhulu, kuhambisana nonobhala kaLenin Lydia Fotiyev (wakhe, ngendlela, kwakuyidipridiplo ukuphela kweMoscow Conservatory).
I-Lenin ifakwe insimbi yomculo engajwayelekile futhi yavolontiya ukuthi idlale kuye "uLark" M. Glinka. Amaqhinga okuqala aya ukuyofunda. I-therman yayimi ngemuva kwe-lenin yamsiza ukuhambisa izandla zakhe kahle. Umholi uLenin wayenobuhlakani. Washeshe waqonda kahle umgomo wokulawulwa kwe-termenverlelox ne-preyd ku- "lark" ngokuzimela.
Kuzoqhutshwa…
Umbhali - Maka Blau
Umthombo - Springzhizni.ru.