Ntambama enhle, mfundi wami. Umlimi we-novice angaba nobunzima bokutshala isihlahla se-apula. Kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isipiliyoni siyeza, futhi kulokhu akukho nkinga futhi. Kuyadingeka kuphela ukulandela imithetho yokufika.
Inani isilinganiso sama-apula (kufika ku 4 m futhi enomqhele ububanzi kufika ku 3 m) ngeke zikhule kahle phezu kwesigaba nge komhlaba ukujula kusuka 2.5 m, futhi dwarfs ezincane (ukuphakama kuze kufinyelele 3 m kanye ububanzi umqhele kuya ku-2 m) kusukela ekujuleni kwamanzi kusuka ku-1.5 m. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izimpande akufanele zifinyelele emanzini asemhlabathini ukuze umuthi ulimaze.
Udinga ukukhetha izithombo, kulula ukuthwala izimpande. Kuzoba kahle uma isithombo sineminyaka eyi-1-2. Isithombo sonyaka imvamisa awekho amahlumela, futhi kuma-2-3 amahlumela ama-2-3.
Uma kuhloliwe, kuyadingeka ukuthi ubheke ukuthi isithombo asinazo izimpawu zezifo, kwakungekho monakalo namaqabunga aqhakaze. Uma i-craer icindezela kancane izipikili noma okuthile okubukhali, izinkuni eziluhlaza kufanele zitholakale. Izimpande akufanele zomile futhi zintekenteke. Ukuhambisa izimpande zesithombo, kuyadingeka ukuveza indwangu emanzi bese ufaka kwifilimu, udonse amagatsha esiqwini.
Ezifundeni ezisenyakatho Kuyinto efiselekayo ukutshala isihlahla se-apula ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo, futhi eningizimu kungcono ekwindla. Umuthi we-apula otshalwe ekwindla futhi kuzofanela izimpande futhi entwasahlobo kuzokhula ngenkuthalo. Uzoqala ukuba izithelo. Ukufika kufanele kwenziwe inyanga ngaphambi kweqhwa lokuqala. Uma isikhathi sokuphuthelwa, umuthi uzofa ebusika.
Uma ungenaso isikhathi sokufaka isikhathi, kungcono ukubeka isithombo ebusika ngokuthinta. Kuyadingeka ukumba umgodi ngokujula kwe-60-70 cm nangaphansi kokutshekelwa ukugcwala ngezihloko eziya eningizimu. Izimpande kufanele zimbozwe ngesihlabathi bese zithela, futhi ngokufika kwamaqhwa ukuze ulale zonke izihlahla ukuze umqhele uhlala ngaphandle kuphela.
Ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo, eningizimu nasenkabeni ephakathi, izihlahla ze-apula zitshala ngo-Ephreli, naseSiberia ngoMeyi.
Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle, icebo kufanele libe nelanga futhi, uma kungenzeka, lingenamoya. Ukusuka enhlabathini, i-loam izoba inketho engcono kakhulu ye-apula yezithelo. Inhlabathi yobumba kumele ihlanganiswe nesihlabathi 2: 1, nesihlabathi nge-peat noma i-humus 2: 1.Ukujula komgodi wokufika kufanele kube kusuka kuma-60 kuye kwangama-70 cm. Ububanzi kufanele kwenziwe ukuze izimpande zibekwe ngokukhululekile. Indlela yokugoma isithombo ithinta ukujula.
Ama-saplings, axhunyelelwa ngentamo yezimpande, angeke axhunywe. Kuyadingeka ukuthi indawo yokugoma itholwe kancane ngaphezulu komhlaba, ngaphandle kwalokho isithombo kungenzeka singanakekeli. Kwesinye isimo, izimpande uqobo zingalethwa, futhi izithombo zizolahlekelwa yizo zonke izinzuzo zokugoma.
Ibanga elincane phakathi kwemigqa yezihlahla ze-apula kumele zenziwe:
- for ama-apula we-pularf apula 4 m;
- usayizi ophakathi 5 m;
- Izihlahla ezinde ngo-5-6 m.
Lapho-ke imiqhele yezihlahla zabantu abadala ngeke iphazamise omunye komunye, futhi wonke umuntu uzoba nelanga elanele.
Hlanganisa inhlabathi ngomanyolo kusuka egodini:
- Potassium chloride 70 g;
- Superphosphate 100 g
Uma inhlabathi ine-acid, engeza u-700-800 g wefulawa ye-dolomite.
Imigodi iyaphuka futhi ibeka ungqimba lwamatshe, imfucumfucu noma ezinye izinto ezifanayo. Beka i-highy encane yengxube yomhlaba elungiselelwe. Kude kude nesikhungo saseJama, ephaketheni ukuphakama kwemitha kubili ukuze uthole ukwesekwa. I-Saplot ibeka eHilmik, iqonde izimpande bese idonsa ingxube phezulu, ishiye intamo yempande ye-3-5 cm ngaphezulu kwezinga lomhlabathi. Lapho-ke kuyadingeka ukuthulula amabhakede amanzi ama-2-3 ngaphansi kwesithombo bese ukhuphuka inhlabathi.
Ukukhula okungcono nokuthuthuka okufanele, ukusika isithombo endaweni ephakeme ngo-75-90 cm futhi unciphise amahlumela aseceleni, ukushiya ubude be-①.
Ukunisela lo muthi we-apula kuzoba nokuba njalo futhi unyaka nonyaka ukuwela izwe egqumeni.
Isithombo akufanele sibe namaqabunga - adonsela izakhamzimba ezimpandeni nasezimpandeni zibuthaka.
Kungcono ukwemba izimpande ngaphambi kokutshala ihora elilodwa - okukodwa nesigamu ku-bolt yezakhi kusuka emhlabathini, umquba kanye "no-cornesever" ngokuvumelana kokhilimu omuncu.