Ukudalwa kwamakhompiyutha we-quantum kuzovumela ubuntu ukuba bathathe indawo ethile kwezinye izindawo zokubala okuhambisana nokuchuma okukhulu kwesikhala sendawo. Ikakhulu, ekumodelweni kokuxhumana kwamangqamuzana kanye nokusabela kwamakhemikhali, lapho kudala izidakamizwa kanye nokuthuthukiswa komkhakha wamakhemikhali wonke, kwinqubo yokufunda komshini nokumodela kwenethiwekhi ye-neural. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, ukugcwala, njengoba wazi, isitha esikhulu se-cryptography.
Ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari 2021, inkampani yaseSwitzerland Terra Quantum AG ithi wenza impumelelo yethiyori ekutholweni kwamandla ezinhlobonhlobo zokubethela, kusetshenziswa amakhompyutha we-quantum e-computing. I-Terra Quantum AG ineqembu lama-80 quantum physicists, ama-cryptomacts kanye nezibalo, ezisuselwa eSwitzerland, eRussia, eFinland nase-United States. "Okubhekwa njengokuphepha kwe-Postcanthide akuyona ukuphepha okuthunyelwe. Singakhombisa futhi sifakazele ukuthi i-algorithm ayiphephile futhi ingagqekeza, "uMarkus Pfitch, Isikhulu Esiphezulu kanye nomsunguli weTerra Quantum echaziwe.
Le nkampani yathi isifundo sayo ithola ubungozi obuthonya ukubethela okufihliwe kwe-symmetriction, kufaka phakathi i-Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), esetshenziswa kabanzi manje ukuvikela idatha (Symmetric Block Encryption algorithm). Usebenzisa indlela eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-Quantum Anneling, isifundo senkampani sikhombise ukuthi ngisho nezinhlobo ezinokwethenjelwa kakhulu zokubethela kwe-AES zingabekwa amakhompiyutha we-quantum azotholakala esikhathini esiphakathi.
Ngendlela, mayelana nengozi yamakhompiyutha we-quantum ama-algorithms anamuhla we-cryptographic sayaziwa isikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke, ukugenca i-algorithm ngosizo lokubalwa kwe-quantum kwe-algorithm ethembekile ethembekile (i-asymmetric algorithm enezikhiye ezivulekile nezivaliwe) kusukela ngo-1994 yaziwa njenge-algorithm yasogwini. I-algorithm yasogwini yinqubo yokugenca ngokusebenzisa izinto ezilula, okuyi-computer yakudala ithatha isikhathi amakhulukhulu ngaphezu kweminyaka yobudala yendawo yonke, kodwa nge-algorithm esebenza, eqinisweni, ngokuhlukahluka . Ngo-2001, ukusebenza kwe-algorithm kukhonjiswe yi-IBM Group ku-prototype ye-quantum computer enama-cubes ayi-7.
Manje, kuphawula ngocwaningo lweTerra Quantum ag, ummeleli we-IBM Christopher Shakka waphawula ukuthi inkampani yakhe iyazi ngalezi zingozi iminyaka engama-20 futhi isebenza emikhiqizweni yayo yokuphepha kwezemfundo. "Yingakho Isikhungo Sezwe Lesayensi Nobuchwepheshe (isinqe)) setha umsebenzi ukuthuthukisa i-quantum entsha ephephile Cryptostandart," echaza. - IBM ineziphakamiso eziningana zalesi sigaba esisha emzuliswaneni wokugcina, okulindelwe eminyakeni embalwa. "
Mhlawumbe enye yezindlela zokuvikeleka kwekota yangemva kwekota kuzoba yi-Cryptography ye-Quantum ngokwayo, esebenzisa izindlela zama-quantum mechanics ukudlulisa imininingwane. Futhi ngenxa yezindleko zomzimba, hhayi isisekelo sezibalo semigomo yezokuxhumana, inika iwaranti ekutholeni ukuhlukaniswa kwemininingwane.
I-Cryptography namuhlaNjengamanje, i-GOST 28147 kanye nama-AS algorithms ahlala ethembeke kakhulu ekubetheni ama-algorithms. I-Universal kakhulu futhi esebenza kahle yama-algorithms abanzi ahlukahlukene ahlukile futhi amuhle izinhlobo ze-cryptoanalysis. Futhi izifundo zososayensi boMnyango we-IB IRK MSU Andrey Vinokurova no-Eduard basebenzisa ukuthi basebenzise ukuhlolwa okulandelayo kwe-cryplostity yalawa ma-algorithms athile we-cryptoanalysis, ngaphandle kokucacisa izindawo zokufaka esikhundleni , ngoba ikhwalithi yale cipher ixhomeke kakhulu kwikhwalithi yezindawo ezisetshenzisiwe. Kodwa-ke, izifundo zokwakhiwa kwama-ciphers anamatafula afakiwe athile (des) abonise ukuthi i-cryptananly ye-cipher enemibuthano engu-16 ngokwemigomo izokwenziwa, kepha idinga inani elikhulu kakhulu lemithombo yomthombo, futhi ku-20-24 round iba yi-Theorticals akanamsebenzi. I-Gost ihlinzeka ngomzuliswano ongu-32 wokubethela, futhi le mali yanele nge-margin ukuze ibhekane ngempumelelo nezinhlobo ezicacisiwe ze-cryptoanalysis. "
Ngokusho konjiniyela beCipher Rijndael, vele emijikelezweni emine yokubethela, leli algorithm lithola ukumelana okwanele ezinhlotsheni ezibekiwe ze-cryptoanalysis. Umngcele wezemibhalo, ngemuva kwezinto ezihambelana nalo eziqondile nezinhlobo ze-cryptanalysis zilahlekelwa yizincazelo, umugqa wemijikelezo engu-6-8 kuye ngosayizi webhlokhi. Ngokusho kwencazelo, imijikelezo engu-10-14 inikezwa nge-cipher. Ngenxa yalokho, i-rijnddael cipher nayo iyamelana nezinhlobo ezichaziwe ze-cryptanalysis ngesitoko esithile.
Ngakho-ke, zombili izingcingo eziqhathaniswa nokuphikiswa okwanele ezinhlotsheni ezidumile ze-cryptoanalysis futhi zanele ukusebenzisa ukusebenzisana okuvikelekile lapho wenza izidingo zokuqalisa ngokuya ngamazinga obumfihlo afanele.
U-Anna Mikhailova, Umphathi Wezokuthuthukiswa Kwebhizinisi i-Angara Group of Companies
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