Ntambama enhle, mfundi wami. Intwasahlobo - isikhathi sokuvuka impilo ngemuva kokutholwa ebusika. Ngeshwa, izingxabano zesikhunta ziyavuswa. Futhi uma ungathathi isenzo, khona-ke amagilebhisi abuthakathaka angahlupheka.
Izimpawu zincane ophuzi futhi onamafutha kumabala okuthinta kusuka ngaphandle kwezitshalo. Ngasikhathi sinye, ishidi limangaza: Ukuhlushwa okumhlophe kuvela ngaphakathi. Lapho-ke ukhunta ubamba ishidi lonke, lizodonsela, lomile futhi liwele. Isikhunta siyakwazi ukuhlasela hhayi amaqabunga aphumela kuphela, kodwa futhi nama-buds, i-ovary kanye nezinso - futhi bafa futhi baphume.
Emaqabunga agulayo kunamabala amhlophe ambozwe ngeflask ecolekile. Ngokungafani isikhutha, amaqabunga athintekile awawi, futhi abambeke ekuhlaselweni nakwi-a. Uma ukhunta ufika kumagagasi, ambozwe futhi ngokuhlaselwa, amaqabunga aqala ukukhula amabi futhi aqonde, amahlumela acishe ayeke ukukhula.
Ukubonakaliswa kokuqala kukhona ama-scherk amancane amnyama emaqabungeni. Zivela okokuqala kwangaphandle, khona-ke ngaphakathi. Uma uqala isimo, i-dummy izokhula, iguqukele ezindaweni ezinsundu ngomngcele omnyama. Esigabeni sokugcina, izibhamu zamaqabunga, ziphendukela emgodini.
Izimpawu ziyefana ne-oidium. Amabala kuphela anomthunzi ophuzi nowesiliva. Lesi sifo sikhula ngokushesha okukhulu: amabala ahlangana, amaqabunga amnyama afe. Uma lesi sifo sizibonakalisa esigabeni sokuvuthwa, kulula ukusikhomba: amajikijolo ambozwe ngokuthinta okusobala kwemibala "yensimbi". Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amajikijolo ahlanganiswa, amnyama, futhi ukunambitheka kuba yinto enyanyekayo.
Inkambo yalesi sifo ifana ne-anthracnose, ngaphandle kokuthi kukhanye i-halo evusene amabala, futhi izimbobo ze-three azikhiwa. Uma ugijimisa isifo, okokuqala kuzokwenqatshwa futhi uwa emaqabungeni, khona-ke amahlumela azomboza ngamabala amnyama, izinkuni zizoqhekeka, ne-ovary, ngaphandle kokukhula, zijikeleze ngqo emagatsheni.
Lesi sifo sivuka ekuseni kakhulu entwasahlobo futhi sakha amabala ansundu kuqala emaqabungeni amancane, khona-ke elukhuni nasemanzini. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izindawo ezithintekile ziyakhula, amagxolo ayafa, amahlumela omile, nongqimba olumpunga olunsundu luvela ezindaweni. Uma lesi sifo sihlaselwa ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwamajikijolo, bese kuba khona, bayabola emvinini futhi bambozwe ngegazi elimpunga.
Kuzibonakalisa kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo lapho amabala afile avela emaqabungeni. Izimpawu zokuqala zifana ne-anthracnose, kepha ama-specks ayaqhakaza enkabeni.
Lapho ukubola kuthuthela emvinini, amabala e-oblong we-cortex efile avela kuwo kuya ku-2 cm ubude. Iwadi imbozwe ngegiya eliminyene elimpunga, kanye namajikijolo athintekile womile futhi amuhle.
Ngokuphikisana nesikhunta eziphikisana nalezi zidakamizwa ezilandelayo:
- Isixazululo se-Copper Sulfate siyi-classic efakazelwe, akukho lutho olunamandla ngokwengeziwe;
- Bordeaux uketshezi;
- "HOM";
- "Abiga Peak";
- "Chifflor";
- "Horus", njll.
Ngokungeziwe kuma-fungicides, ama-biopreparuation ayasebenziseka: "Appomacterin", "PhytoSporin", njll.
Entwasahlobo, amagilebhisi aphathwa kathathu:
- Ngaphambi kwe-swebhi yezinso.
- Lapho kuvela amaqabunga okuqala.
- Lapho ukuvuvukala kuqhuma, kodwa ngaphambi kokuvela kwezimbali.
Ngaphambi kokufafaza, isivini sihlanzwa kusuka kudoti, ukuqunjelwa kokuhlanzeka kwezwe kwenziwa, futhi umvini unamathele kumnikazi. Kuyadingeka ukusebenza ngosuku lapho umoya ufudumeza okungenani ama-5 degrees. Kulandela hhayi kuphela izikrini namaqabunga, kodwa futhi nomhlabathi ezimpandeni. Emikhiqizweni yemvelo, kuyadingeka ukusebenza kuqala emhlabathini.
Zonke izindlela zilungele ukwelashwa kokuvimbela, kepha uma isifo sesivele sizibonakalisile, basebenza nge-fungicide ehlakaniphile. Ungasebenzisa oxhumana naye, kepha khona-ke udinga ukuphinda ukucubungula njalo ngeviki nangemva kwemvula ngayinye.