UNatalia Tennrovskaya uzama ukuxazulula imfihlakalo ye-canal ezinzile eSt. Petersburg. Hlola imilando nezithombe zezinto zokwakha. Funda kabanzi ekufundeni kwethu.
Ukuthi wenzeke ngokuhamba ngesiteshi se-griboedov, eduze neColonnade yesonto laseKazan, ake ubheke ogwini oluphambene futhi emangele, ukubona lokho eduze kwebhuloho laseKazan, odonga olugcinwe khona lwalungenalutho olungenamgogodla, kodwa nge-limestone, Ngokufanayo njengoba izizathu zazithathwa zinezindlu eziningi ezindala eSt. Petersburg?
Phakathi kweSt. Petersburg, amaxhaphozi amaningi namaxhaphozi ahlala emashumini eminyaka okuqala, amanzi aphuma, amanzi ayengcolile, angcolile, noma awowashi, lezi zinto ezazingenakugeleka, lapho kufakwa khona izinkuni yathunyelwa ezintweni zomuzi nokunye okuningi. Futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, ukugeleza okuyisithulu okunjalo, amanzi awazange ashiye izindlawu futhi ame phakathi kwedolobha.
Okuphawuleka kakhulu kulolo mfula kwabizwa ngokusemthethweni ngokusemthethweni, kwawela lonke idolobha egcekeni elizinzile kuya emlonyeni weFontanka, futhi walithola ngegama lesibili - lalithola ngalo igama lesibili - eKrivusch. Kutshelwa ukuthi abantu abadala ngisho nasezikhathini zangemva kwempi basho ngisho nangokulandelayo: Krvushch, ngokugcizelelwa kokulanda kokugcina.
Ngo-1728, ogwini loMfula izithulu, ngaphansi kokugeleza, ngoba babeka isonto lezinkuni, ngoba uMfula izithulu edolobheni awuzange wedwa, ngakho-ke lokhu kwesinye isikhathi kwakubizwa ngokuthi uMfula iVoznesenskyyy.
U-Anna Ioannovna, owayenesikhathi sokwenza okuningi emhlobisweni weSt. Kuqalile imisebenzi, kodwa ngokushesha nje bamiswa. Isazi-mlando sokuqala saseSt. IBogdanov, ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-1750s, ixoxwa ngalezi zehlakalo: "Isiteshi saqala ngakusohlangothini oluhle, egcekeni elizinzile, ukuxhuma umfula izithulu voznesenskaya. Manje sebeshiywe; Kuqale unyaka we-1732. "
Ngo-1739, lesi siteshi sathola igama elisemthethweni lizinzile futhi, yize likholelwa ukuthi umsebenzi owusebenzelayo waqedwa ngalesi sikhathi, imininingwane elandelayo ngayo iyaphikisana.
Ehlelweni elidumile le-TPORTOT-Mahaev, eladalwa ngasekupheleni kwawo-1740s, sibona kusuka ekugezekeni ku-demidov yamanje yebhuloho (kuthambekele eGregsov Alley) Kuyisiteshi, ogwini oluqondile, futhi, njengamanje, Ngokujika okubili okubukhali (lapho, liphi ibhuloho lasebhange nasendaweni yesikwele), bese kuthi, kwifonti uqobo, ogwini bakhonjiswa esimweni sabo sokuqala. Konke lokhu, ngakho-ke ukukhuluma, umthambo wamanzi waqanjwa ngoMfula izithulu, i-Stuffing Canal ayikhulunywa.
Ubukhulu bale cebo, kanye nezinye izinhlelo eziningi zekhulu le-XVIII, ukuthi kuboniswa nokuthi selivele likhona ngempela, futhi lokho kwakuhloswe ngalo kuphela, futhi kwakwenziwa okuthile futhi kungenziwanga. Ngakho-ke lolu hlelo, luhle kakhulu, kwesinye isikhathi lushiya imibuzo eminingi kunokunikeza izimpendulo.
Enye indlela, lapho kuqondiswa khona uCatherine ngo-1764, umsebenzi we-hydrotechnical waqala ukuguqula umfula yonke oyizithulu ungene emseleni. Iphrojekthi enokusetshenziswa kwemidwebo kanye nezilinganiso zezindleko zethula unjiniyela wezempi u-Illarion Matveevich Glenchev-Kutuzov, ubaba wensimu yesikhathi esizayo. Egameni elide lephrojekthi yakhe kwakukhona amagama athi: "... mayelana nokubamba isiteshi ukuvimba abakhileyo enhlokodolobha emiphumeleni emibi yezikhukhula." Yebo, amathemba anjalo ahlasele iziteshi ngaleso sikhathi. Isigubhu soMfula i-DEAF sabe sesinwetshwa, ugwini lwalufihliwe, kepha ukuphuma kwalokukhishwa okuthe xaxa kushiywe kungashintshi ubuhle bedolobhana lokupenda. Kulomdwebo wemisebe, kufanele sibonge kwaphakade ku-Catherine II, eyenze i-oda elikhethekile kulokhu.
Umsele weNaberezhhe, okuyi-1766 wamukela igama lika-Catherine, agqoke uGranite, ogwini bahlangene ngamabhuloho okhuni nangokhuni. Umbhali wephrojekthi yezembatho bekukhona futhi .M. I-Kutuzov's Glenchev, eholwa ngumsebenzi, ngaphandle kwakhe, onjiniyela v.i. UNazimov, F.V. I-Baur (Bauer, i-Encore) ne-I.N. Borisov. Wonke umsebenzi uqedwe ngo-1798.
Ngakho-ke i-limestone yavela kuphi ebhulohweni laseKazan? Akuyona yonke into ecacile lapha. Kukholakala ukuthi yile ndawo impela indawo lapho umsele ozinzile waphela khona nokuthi wawuxhunywe kuphi emfuleni oyithulu, futhi mhlawumbe, ogwini lakhe bazoqiniswa nge-limestone. Ezikhathini ze-catherine, izindonga ezigciniwe zomsele nazo zakhiwa kusuka ku-limestone, kanye ne-granite kuphela ezihlala isikhathi eside futhi ezinhle ziqeda phezu kwayo. Futhi ngeqiniso lokuthi eCatherine futhi waqedwa phezu kwe-limestone, okungenani ingxenye ethile yesiteshi, imininingwane ibonakala itholakala.
Ezithombeni eziningi, kanye nokuguqulwa kwangaphambilini, kanye neSoviet, kuze kube maphakathi nawo-1950s, siyabona ukuthi izindonga zengxenye yesiteshi sokuqala zazifakwe ngaphakathi nge-limestone.
Amanzi kuphela ngokwawo abonakala umqhele we-granite, ububanzi obungabi ngaphezu kwelilodwa itshe, umngcele futhi ume lapho ama-lattice anamathiselwe khona, nawo ayenziwa ngogogo, kanye nakwisiteshi. Ngasogwini olungakwesokudla, umugqa lapho i-limestone ebhekene nayo futhi yaqala khona i-granite, yayiseduze nendlu engu-19 (futhi i-21st yindlu yecala "le-zinger"), nangomugqa wesobunxele, lo mugqa wawumelana ne-Italian Street. Cishe maphakathi nawo-1950s womabili ogwini bahlukaniswa ngokuphelele ngoGranite.
Njengoba kwenzeka ukuthi ucezu oluncane lokulwa neKazani Cathedral lwahlala futhi lwahlala luboshwe nge-limestone, aliqondakali. Hhayi-ke, angizange ngikhohlwe ngaye, kulo kanye. Kwesokunxele ekucabangeni kokuthakazelisa?
Lapha ngiyama, ngoba yonke le ndaba yahlala iyimfihlakalo kimi.
Kuthunyelwe ngu: Natalia Tennrovskaya