Ukupheka umquba ngama-champigns akhulayo ekhaya

Ubuchwepheshe bokukhulisa omanzini ekhaya bunezigaba eziningana. Kepha isisekelo se-agrotechnics ukudala okuphakathi kwezakhi zokuthuthuka kwe-mycelium. Amagama alula - Umquba uyadingeka. Ukulungiswa kwayo kuyinqubo yezinga eliningi ngokuthambekela okunembile kwezinto zemvelo.

Kungani udinga ama-champignons womquba?

Azikho izilwane zasendle ezivela kulo mzimba wezilwane zasendle. Ngaphandle kwe-chlorophyll ezitshalweni, izakhamzimba ziyahlanganiswa. Ngalesi sizathu, ukukhulisa ama-mpionns emhlabathini ojwayelekile wengadi akunakwenzeka (noma ngabe ufaka umanyolo). Badinga ingxube ekhethekile ye-substrate yokuzalwa kabusha kwama-microorganisms awusizo.

Ingxube ye-organic yama-championns akhulayo iyathengiswa ezitolo ezikhethekile, kepha abalimi bakhetha ukwenza i-substrate ekhaya. Izinzuzo zoMkhuba Wezenzela:

• Ukonga imali - izindleko zomkhiqizo esitolo ziphezulu;
• Ukuzethemba kwezinkomba ezifanelekile, ukungabikho kwezithasiselo zamakhemikhali;
• Ulwazi ngempilo eshalofini (lapho igcinwe ekushiseni ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezingama-30 umquba ulahlekelwa yimisebenzi yayo).

Izinhlobo zomquba wokutshala ama-champigns

Lapho kusetshenziswa isikhunta, izakhamzimba ezahlukahlukene zisetshenziswa, ngakho-ke umlimi ojwayelekile kunzima ukunquma ukukhetha. Kunemibono emi-3 evamile yomquba.Ngezithako zemvelo

Umquba empeleni uqukethe izakhi zemvelo. Bacebile ngezinto zamakhemikhali:

• I-nitrogen - iqukethwe imfucuza yemfuyo;
• ama-carbohydrate asemizini eyomile yezitshalo;
• I-Carbons - kukhona ngodaka noMel, Soy, Pea kanye nofulawa wethambo, Malt.

Endle, amakhowe akhula kakhulu lapho ihhashi lidla. Umquba wamahhashi uthathwa njengomthombo owamukelekayo we-nitrogen wokulungiselela umquba. Inenombolo yesigubhu sezinto zokulandela umkhondo.

Esikhundleni sokuthathwa kwesithako (okuvame ukuxutshwa) ngomquba ngezinkomo, izimvu, onogwaja kanye nezingulube, udoti wezinyoni.

Utshani, ama-cobs ommbila no-hay wenza umsebenzi wengxenye yekhabhoni - ahlinzeke nge-aeration. Ukuthathwa komoya okumpofu ngaphakathi komquba kunokwehla okukhulu ekusebenzeni kahle kwengxube.

Izinto ze-gypsum zibekwe ngobuningi obuncane kakhulu. Bathuthukisa ukwakheka kwe-substrate, kugcwala amaminerali emvelo.

Ukwakheka okuyisisekelo komquba wemvelo wamakhowe:

• I-100 kg yomquba wamahhashi;
• I-15 kg yenkunkuma eyomile;
• 50 kg wotshani;
• 3 kg we-alabaster crumbly;
• Amalitha ayi-100 amanzi afudumele.

Isikhathi esiseduze nesikhathi 23 izinsuku. Ukuvumelana komkhiqizo oqediwe kukhululekile futhi kunama-homogeneous, umbala unsundu omnyama. Isici: Lapho ucindezela entendeni yesandla, isisindo akufanele sinamathele ndawonye futhi sikhiqize uketshezi.

-Emi-zokwenziwa

Ukuzalela amahhashi akunazo izikali ezinkulu. Ngenxa yalokho, akunakwenzeka ukuthola ngobungako obudingekayo. Ukukhishwa okuvela esimweni kwakuwukwenziwa kwezimmo ze-Semi-zokwenziwa ukuze kutshalwe ama-champigns.

Le ndlela ehlukile ifaka ama-embodiments amaningana ekwakheka (ingxenye yempilo yamahhashi ithathelwa indawo enye into):

• umquba wamahhashi - 50 KG, Inkukhu InTre - Ama-Straw - 50 KG, Gypsum - 3 KG, Amanzi - Amanzi - Amanzi - Amanzi - Amanzi - Amanzi - Amanzi - Amanzi - 200 l;
• I-Horses Calchit - 50 KG, uture - 75 kg, iziqu ze-250 kg, ama-250 kg, zokwakha gypsum - 15 kg, amanzi - 250 l;
• Umquba wohlobo lwe-Straw una-250 kg, i-enCinich Excression esimweni esomile - 75 KG, Straw - 250 KG, Gypsum - 15 kg, amanzi - 1000 l.

Nobongethwa

Lolu hlobo lomquba aluqukethe umquba wamahhashi, okunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwemali kwemali entweni. I-sonthetic substrate inokwakhiwa kotshani, udoti wenkukhu kanye namaminerali (urea, i-ammonium sulfate, i-superphosphate kanye nokufana).

Iresiphi ye-Standard Step-by-step:

• Ama-500 kg otshani athulule noma yimuphi utshani ephila ukuze aphenduke abe yi-cashier;
• Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezi-3, engeza ubuso bezinyoni ezingama-250 nolunye utshani obungama-500;
• Prakthiza urea (25 kg);
• Faka i-superphosphate (3.17 kg);
• Ekuphazanyisweni kokuqala nokwesithathu, engeza ushoko (8kg) ne-gypsum (12 kg).

Ngemuva kwemithi engu-4 ephazamise umquba. Kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-25-27.

Ubuchwepheshe

Inqubo yezobuchwepheshe yokulungiselela ingxube yezakhi ifaka phakathi izinyathelo. Kubalulekile ngokulinganayo ukubheka imithetho yokulungiselela imishini, izinto zokwenziwa, amathuluzi kanye nezinto. Umphumela uncike kulokhu.

Izinto ezidingekayo nemishini

Ukwakha izimo ezifanele, umquba kufanele athintwe nenhlabathi. Khetha izindawo ezifanele:

• isiteji sokubulala;
• umgqomo;
• Isitsha, isikhwama se-polyethylene;
• Tol.

Amathuluzi asizayo:

• ukuchelela kungaba noma i-hose;
• ifilimu le-polyethylene;
• Forks.

Ubuchwepheshe buhlanganisa inqubo yokuphazamiseka. Kuzothatha;

• Isikhala esiningi samahhala okungenani i-2 x 2 m (lapho kungekho khona ipulatifomu yesikwele, zama ukugcina ububanzi buka-2 m, kwenze bude bunxanxazeli, kepha bangaphezu kuka-2 m.
• I-canopy endaweni ye-composting, ezovikela elangeni eliqondile nemvula;
• Ukugeleza komoya kwamahhala kusuka kuzo zonke izinhlangothi - amabhodi okhuni noma we-alabaster anokuphakama kwama-40-50 cm;
• Ukushisa komoya okuncane kungu-10-12 ° C.
• Amandla okufaka izimila ezomile - uCatherine, hay, utshani.

Ukulungiselela izakhi

Izinto zomquba kumele zibe yikhwalithi ephezulu. Lokhu kusho okulandelayo:

• utshani, hay - ngaphandle kwezimpawu zokubola, isikhunta;
• Umquba musha kakhulu.

Indwangu eyomile ekuqaleni ivuvukala ngamanzi esitsheni esihlukile. Melana nezinsuku ezi-3. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuphoqiwe ngosizo lwentambo.

Utshani budlula inqubo yokubulala amagciwane, njengoba iqukethe isikhunta namanye ama-microgenic microoorganisms. Inqubo yokuqothula:

1. Ngemuva kokugaya okuqukethwe, thumela i-Steam kuyo ukuba namazinga okushisa angama-65-70 ° C (kusetshenziswa i-Steam Generator).
2. Parry 60-70 imizuzu.

Izigaba zokulungiselela

Isikhathi sokuvuthwa kwesisindo somquba sincike ngesilinganiso sokuvutshelwa (okushisayo emgwaqweni, ngokushesha inqubo yenzeka). Amanani aphakathi ezinsukwini ezingama-22-24. Umanyolo we-organic wakhelwa ngezigaba ezi-3:

1. Ukubola. Imiphumela yokushisa iholela ekuboleni kwezinto, ezinomthelela ekwakhekeni kwezakhi zezakhi zomzimba, okuyindlela enhle yokukhiqiza kabusha amagciwane adingekayo. Kukhona futhi imvula (basheshisa inqubo yokuvutshelwa). Kuthatha izinsuku ezi-5.
2. Ukuzithoba. Isikhathi sokwakhiwa kwe-humus sidinga i-aeration enamandla. Ngaphandle kokuthola i-oksijini, amagciwane adingekayo ayafa. Kuyadingeka ukuxuba isisindo, bese ulandela ukuthathwa komoya omusha ngaphansi kwe-canopy.
3. Amaminerali. Isigaba sokugcina lapho zonke izinto zomquba zivezwa ukubola. Ngemuva kwalesi sigaba, ungatshala i-mycelium.

Ubuchwepheshe obujwayelekile bokupheka:

1. Faka ungqimba lwesitsha kuya ku-30- 35 cm.
2. Ukuqamba amahhashi amahhashi.
3. Faka udoti wezinyoni (kuphela esimweni esomile).
4. Moisten isixha ngokunisela noma i-hose nge-nozzle yesifafaza.
5. Qondanisa.
6. Phinda inqubo izikhathi 4-6.

Lapho upheka okunhlanganisela, izinto zokwakha zigcinwe yizendlalelo. Hlukanisa isakhi ngasinye ngo-4-6 nge-cap ngayinye kusengaphambili.

Ngemuva kokubeka izinto zokwakha, qinisekisa ukufudumala kwamathumba ku-45 ° C, isembozo se-polyethylene. Lapho ngaphakathi kwezinga lokushisa kufinyelela + 65 ... + 70 ° C, vula indawo yokukhosela, kepha bheka umoya awubanda + 10 ° C.

Okulandelayo, yenza ngokulandelayo:

1. Ngemuva kwesonto, ngosizo lwe-substrate, engeza i-gypsum / Alabaster.
2. Ngosuku olungu-14, amanzi anamanzi (futhi nge-sprayer), kodwa ukuze amanzi alimi. Govuza.
3. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-20, umswakama futhi, kanye nokuhlangana.
4. Hlanganisa isisindo ngosuku lokugcina, bese udlulisela endaweni lapho kuzobambisana khona ama-ompignns.

Amashevu wokuvuvukala ashesha

Lapho ukuhlanganisa, izinqubo zamakhemikhali zenzeka lapho umusi, ama-ammonia amakhompiyutha, i-carbon dioxide ehlukaniswa. Izimo zezulu zithinta izinga lokuvutshelwa. Uma zingezinhle, amakhowe asheshisa ukucutshungulwa kwezinto eziphilayo eziphilayo ngezinto eziphilayo ezinama-biopreparuages.

Kunenani elikhulu: I-Baikal, EMOMCO, EMBICO, Ukuvuselelwa, Ukuhlanganisa, Ama-Radiance, njll. Ama-Cruders asebenza ngokuya ngomyalo othize.

Lapho usebenzisa ama-accelerator, izinto zoMquba kufanele zikhuliswe. Ngaphandle kwalokho, isenzo siyancipha.

Uma kungekho kungenzeka noma isifiso sokuthenga umkhiqizo wezinto eziphilayo, abalimi banconyelwa ukusebenzisa amakhambi abantu:

1. Tincture yamakhambi. Thatha izingxenye ezi-5 zanoma yiluphi utshani (ukhula futhi lufanelekile), izingcezu ezi-2 zenkukhu yenkukhu nezingxenye zamanzi ezingama-20. Faka izinsuku eziyi-6-8.
2. Umchamo. Hlanganisa u-Urin womuntu noma izilwane ngamanzi ngokulingana: 1 ingxenye yemfucumfucu yemvelo ibe izingxenye ezi-4 zamanzi.
3. Imvubelo. Kumalitha ama-3 amanzi afudumele, engeza u-3 tbsp. l. Imvubelo eyomile, i-600 g kashukela. Shiya endaweni efudumele yokuvutshelwa amahora amaningi.

Ungadliwa

Emhlabeni kunenombolo enkulu yezinketho zokwakha umquba wama-champigns. Kunezindlela zokupheka eziyisisekelo ezisetshenziswa kaningi, kufaka phakathi ezindaweni eziphakathi nendawo.

Ngomquba wamahhashi

Ukwakheka kwakudala ngaphandle kokusebenzisa okunye imfucuza yezilwane.

Ukupheka:

• Utshani - 50 kg;
• I-Horsepower - 50 kg;
• Gypsum - 4 kg;
• Mel - 5 KG.

Amanye amakhowe kule ngxube angezwa ngo-125 g we-urea kanye no-200 g we-ammonium sulphate.

Nge udoti wenkukhu

Uma kukhona imfucuza evela ezinyoni kuphela. Ukuze umquba, thatha izithako ezinjalo:

• utshani - 100 kg;
• udoti - ama-100 kg;
• Alebaster - 12 KG.

Ngama-cobs ommbila

Iresiphi isebenza ezifundeni, lapho zibandakanyeka khona ekutshalweni kwamasiko ommbila. Ukwakheka kwengxenye:

• I-50 kg yotshani nama-cobs cobs;
• 60 kg wanoma yimuphi umquba noma udoti we-avian;
• 3 kg kodaka noma chalk.

Kuvunyelwe ukufaka esikhundleni se-alfaling yotshani. Ngemuva kwalokho i-gypsum ithatha u-4-5 kg.

Ngendlebe yezimvu

Le ngxenye yisiko ukuxuba nokungcola okuvela ezinyoni. Iresiphi:

• I-Sheep Dung - 40 kg;
• Udoti wenkukhu - 60 kg;
• Alaboster - 6 kg;
• Utshani - 100 kg.

Ukugcwala kwezimvu kuhlale ngokwanele. Amanzi athululela kakhulu ukuze ingxube ingukuqina kokungaguquki lapho kubhabhuku uphawu.

Ngokhuni sawdust

Ukwakheka akubandakanyi izindlela zokuphila zezilwane. Iresiphi:

• I-100 kg ye-sawdust notshani;
• I-10 kg ye-calcium carbonate;
• 5 kg we-urea;
• I-15 kg ye-malt.

Lona umquba oshesha kakhulu - ulungele ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-15-17.

Kususelwa kufulawa yegazi

Iresiphi ebizayo futhi esebenza kahle kakhulu. Ufulawa wegazi umiswe izinyoni zegazi ezomile nemfuyo. Izingxenye zomquba:

• Utshani - 50 kg;
• Ufulawa wegazi - 8 kg;
• Superphosphate - 315 g;
• sulfate potassium - 315 g;
• Alebaster - 8 kg;
• UMel - 1.1 kg.

Ukulungela - Inyanga.

Nge-peat

Iresiphi iqukethe izakhi eziningi zamakhemikhali. Ukulungiselela kunezigaba ezi-2:

1. Lungiselela isixazululo se-saline sama-7 kg we-ammonium sulfate, 1.5 kg we-sodium nitric acid kanye ne-1.5 kg ye-potassium phosphate.
2. Hlanganisa ngokuhlangana ne-800 kg kafulawa we-peat, 200 kg wotshani.

Iresiphi yase-Asia

Iresiphi yamakhowe aseMpumalanga. Ukuze uthole umquba we-mushroom, sebenzisa:

• utshani be-Rice ngenani lama-200 kg;
• I-Chalk - 25-30 kg);
• U-Urea - 5 kg;
• Ama-20 kg we-superphosphate kanye ne-ammonium sulfate eningi.

Ngabe usebenzise ini umquba? Umquba kanye nemfucumfucu engu-0% CORN COBS 0% Woody sawdust 0% Igazi Flour 100% Peat 0% Okunye 0% Khombisa imiphumela evoti: 1

Ungayisebenzisa kanjani umquba?

Amakhowe anolwazi akha amabhuzu akhethekile - izingxenye eziyinhlanganisela. Okwenziwayo, kwanele ukugaya ukujula (ukujula kwanoma yikuphi - kusuka ku-10 cm), uthele ngokhonkolo ngokufaka izindiza ezivela emabhodini okhuni. Ukuphakama kocingo kuncike enanini lezinto zokwakha - kunalezo eziningi, ziphakeme ukwakheka.

Lesi sakhiwo sidluliselwa kumquba, kepha i-substrate ingenziwa ngqo ezibhalweni. Usayizi wabo uncike kwivolumu yemikhiqizo ekhulile.

Ngemuva kokuvunwa, abalimi abaphohli umquba, noma ngabe ukusetshenziswa kwezikhathi ezintathu. Ukusuka ezintweni ezisetshenzisiwe, kutholakala amabhuloho amakhowe, acebile ku-nitrogen nakwezinye izimbiwana. Ziyasetshenziswa:

• Njengoba kudla amasiko ahlukene;
• Ngezitshalo ezixubhisayo, kuzogcwala izinto eziwusizo, gcina umswakama, uvikele izifo kanye nezinambuzane;
• Njengendlela yokufaka inhlabathi lapho utshala izihlahla ezincane.

Amaqhinga awusizo

Ama-Hmpignns awabhekwanga amasiko angenakulibizayo. Kepha umkhiqizo kanye nokunambitheka komkhiqizo womthombo kuncike kwikhwalithi yomquba. Ngalesi sizathu, kuyadingeka ukunamathela ngokuqinile emithethweni yokwakha ingxube yokukhulisa amakhowe.

Amakhowe anolwazi ancoma ukunamathela kumaqhinga alandelayo:

• Ungavumeli okuqukethwe kokuqukethwe kumquba wamaminerali kanye nezinye izinduna - kudlula izinga lokushisa elingaphansi, eliholela ekufeni kwama-champigns;
• Umswakama womquba akufanele wedlule ama-70%;
• Umkhiqizo omuhle awunawo iphunga le-ammonium;
• Isakhiwo Esijwayelekile - Okuxekethile;
• Musa ukufika kumanyolo wamakhowe uma amanzi ephuma kuwo;
• Landela izinga lokushisa ezinhlafunweni.

Ama-ompignons asephenduke umkhiqizo ongabizi ezitolo. Kepha amakhowe akhule ekukhiqizeni inqwaba, awunakho ukunambitheka nephunga. "I-HAMPIGNONS ethi" Homemade "ikhula ngomquba ovela ezithandweni zemvelo. Ukudla okucebile kukuvumela ukuthi uthole isivuno esihle sesikhunta sangempela.