Yisiphi isikhathi futhi kungaba yilokho yonke imibono yethu ngayo akulungile? Uma uzama ukuthola, kuvela ukuthi ubuntu bubona isikhathi esanele - buqhubekela phambili futhi bungabuya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhathi sesikhathi singenakugwemeka futhi asinakuthonya nganoma iyiphi indlela. Muva nje, iqembu labaphenyi abavela enkabeni ye-Quantum Dynamics ye-University of Griffith, I-NATITETITE OF NUCLEATE (NMI) nenhlangano yase-Australia ye-Nuclear Sciences kanye nobuchwepheshe (i-ANSTO) ibeke ukuhlolwa, inhloso enkulu yalokho okwakukhona ukuzama ukufakazela ukunemba noma ukungahambi kahle kwethiyori yesimanje ye-quantum yesikhathi. Ithiyori entsha yezinguquko, ngokusho kwababhali bayo, ingaguqula wonke umbono wethu wesikhathi nendawo - konke kungenxa yokuthi kuvumela ukuthi kungenzeka kube khona kwendawo yonke futhi engashintshiwe. I-Physics iphakamise ukuthi iqiniso lokushintsha izinto ngokuhamba kwesikhathi alisona isici sokuzalwa kwemvelo, kodwa kunalokho okubangelwa ukusakazwa okuyisisekelo kokusakazwa kwesikhathi esibizwa ngokuthi "ukwephulwa kwe-t. Ukwephulwa". Uma ososayensi beqinisile, umsebenzi wabo uzophenduka yonke imibono yesimanje mayelana nesikhathi nendawo, futhi uzoshintsha umbono wethu emithethweni eyisisekelo yemvelo.
I-Quantum theory yesikhathi
Ukuqonda kwanamuhla kwesikhathi kusikisela ukuthi ligeleza kuphela endaweni eyodwa - kusuka ekungeneni okuncane kuya kukhulu futhi kuyisici esibalulekile sendawo yonke. Emuva ngo-1927, isazi sezinkanyezi uSir Arthur Eddishton sasho ukuthi ukusakazeka kwamandla kancane kancane kuwubufakazi bokungalali 'kwemicibisholo yesikhathi ". Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi wona kanye umqondo wokuthi "umcibisholo wesikhathi" akahambisani nemithetho eyaziwayo ye-physics, esebenza ngokuqondile nakweyo ngaphesheya. Ngakho-ke uma umuntu eyazi izindlela zazo zonke izinhlayiya endaweni yonke, ingakwazi ukuziguqula futhi amandla kuzodingeka aqongelele, hhayi ukuqeda.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi wona kanye umzuzwana wemvelaphi ye-thermodynamics (1850s), ifomula lokusatshalaliswa kwezibalo kwama-trajectories angaziwa ngezinhlayiya kwakuwukuphela kwendlela yokubala ukusakazeka kwamandla. Kodwa-ke, ukubalwa okwenziwe ngendlela ekhombise ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi isithombe esijwayelekile saqala ukuba ... kugcotshwe ngaphezulu. Kepha umbono omusha we-quantum ngalesi sikhathi esiphakanyiswe yi-physico theorist, uprofesa e-University of Griffith, Joan Vakkaro, uphakamisa ukuthi isikhathi singageleza kwezinye izinkomba, kodwa sikubona kuphela endaweni eyodwa - phambili.
I-Entropy kwisayensi enembile nemvelo isho isilinganiso sokuhlakazwa kwamandla okungaphenduki noma ukungasebenzi kwalo.
Umbono omusha, njengoba kwenzeka, wathuthukiswa nguProfesa Vakkaro iminyaka eyishumi. Vackaro kuqhathaniswa nokugeleza komoya, okuvezwa yizihlahla, kuphawula ukuthi singabona ukunyakaza kwamaqabunga, kepha asicabangi ukuthi amaqabunga enza umoya uvunguze ngawo. Iqiniso lokuthi singabona ukuthi izinto ziguquka kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi akuyona "isici esakhelwe ngaphakathi semvelo", futhi okubangelwa "ukulimazeka okuyisisekelo kokulinganisa kwesikhathi sokujikeleza kwesikhathi", esaziwa ngokuthi "ukwephulwa kwe-T".
Njengoba uVakkaro abhala, "ukwephulwa t" akuvumeli ukuthi zihlale zisendaweni ngesikhathi. Ngenxa "yokwephulwa kwe-t", izinto aziveli futhi zinganyamalali ngengozi, zikhona ngokuqhubekayo. Imithetho edumile yokunyakaza kanye nokugcinwa kwesisindo ayilutho ngaphezu kwezimpawu zalezi-t-ukwephulwa.
Ngabe ufuna ukukwazi njalo ukutholakala kwakamuva kwesayensi kusuka ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zesayensi? Bhalisela isiteshi sethu sezindaba e-Telegraph ukuze ungaphuthelwa lutho oluhehayo!
Ubufakazi bencwadi entsha yesikhathi
Ngakho-ke, ngokusho kwemininingwane etholakele ngesikhathi sokufunda, amandla ahlakazekile, futhi izikhungo zingene esele. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba izinhlayiya ezithile zokuqala zididekile lapho zixhumana. Lo mphumela ongaziwa we-physics ubizwa nge- "quantum ukuxuba" noma ukudida. Okuningi ngokuthi hlobo luni lokudideka kwe-quantum, ebengitshelwa kule ndaba.
Ukuhlola umbono wayo, abacwaningi abanzi isinyathelo esilula kakhulu, baya ngqo kwi-reactoror yenuzi etholakala ezindaweni eziphakeme zeLucas (Sydney, e-Australia) ukukala "ukuhlukunyezwa kwe-T-ku-Neutrino. Iqiniso ngukuthi uNeutrino kanye nabalingani babo abavela ku-antimatter (antineutrino) akhiqizwa kuma-reactors enuzi. Ukuze kuhlolwe, kwasungulwa i-physics ezindaweni ezahlukene ze-reactor amahora athile anembile athomu. Ake ngikukhumbuze ukuthi iwashi le-athomu liyithuluzi lokulinganisa isikhathi lapho ama-oscillation ahambisana nama-athomu avela khona noma ama-molecule asetshenziswa.
I-Antinerino yizinhlayiya eziyisisekelo ezibonisa "ukwephulwa." Badlula kule ndaba bangalimalanga, ngoba basebenzisana kabi nayo, futhi abaphenduli benuzi bakhiqiza ukugeleza kwabo okukhulu.
Umqondo wokufaka amahora we-athomu ukuthi uma iwashi lingavumelaniswanga, i-physics izobona umphumela we-quantum yehlisa umoya noma "ukwephulwa kwendawo". Ngokusho kwababhali bomsebenzi wezesayensi, uhlangothi olusebenzayo lwe-Quantum theory of time time ukuthi uma unendawo enenombolo enkulu yamaNeutrinos, ngokwesibonelo, ikhiqizwa yi-reactor yenuzi, khona-ke isikhathi singahamba ngendlela ehlukile.
Kucatshangwa ukuthi amawashi atholakala eduze nendawo esebenzayo ye-resictor awavumelaniswa namawashi aqhelile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi iwashi eliseduze kwe-reactor lizokhombisa isikhathi eside lihamba kancane noma umehluko esikhathini esedlule uma kuqhathaniswa namawashi, atholakala ngisho nasekude nakude kusuka ku-reactor. Isizathu salo mphumela yimvelo ye-quantum ethe xaxa futhi siphakama ngenxa "yokwephulwa kwe-t" ye-antinerino ekhishwe yindawo esebenzayo ye-reactor. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi naphezu kwemiphumela eshicilelwe esevele eshicilelwe, i-physics ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ezizayo izoqhubeka nokubuka.
Bheka futhi: Kungani i-Quantum Physics ifana nomlingo?
Ukufingqa isifundo esingajwayelekile noluyinkimbinkimbi, siyaphawula ukuthi kunomsebenzi omningi ngaphambi kososayensi. USolwazi Vakkaro esitatimendeni esisemthethweni waphawula ukuthi "uma umphumela wesikhathi sokunciphisa kwenzeka ezingeni lokuphendula, sizodinga ukuwuhlola kwamanye ama-reactors enuzi, bese sibheka umphumela kwezinye izindawo, ngokwesibonelo, kwidatha emaplanethi ama-orbits. " Kepha umsebenzi oshicilelwe oshicilelwe ungasetshenziswa njengesisekelo socwaningo lwesayensi olusha kule ndawo.