Imvamisa kakhulu kuzo zonke izinhlobo zabaphangi, abaphangi kanye nobuntu bobuntu babantu beSolva, bese kubafundisi ababuziwe benza amaqhawe abantu, avenger, abalwa nenkululeko yangemva. Labaholi benhlangano yabavukeli ye-Folk, ngaphandle kokwesaba nokuhlanjalazwa. Uma uzithola, Wayengubani i-Robin Hood Hood edume? Umphangi ojwayelekile ucashe ehlathini leShervird nakulabo abahambi abadlulayo. Ngubani owawusule uHasbulat owayene-sakl empofu? Yenza kusuka ekubhakeni nasekuphangeni, isivukeli sibhekene nezwe elicebile lalokhu, ngoba injabulo yesizwe sabasebenzi ayisinzima. Ujantshi futhi wababulala, bese kubacebile, nabampofu, okufanele bawuthathe. Kwanele ukuletha isisekelo semibono esifanele kulokhu, futhi kuzovela esigabeni se-gangster, i-Folk Avenger.
Isibonelo esimangazayo kunazo zonke se-Ustim Karmaluk ebiphila futhi esebenza engxenyeni yokuqala ye-XIX kuPodolia. ESoviet mlando weSoviet, wagcwaliswa njengoMholi wenhlangano yabampofu e-Ukraine. UMaxim Gorky wambiza kanjalo - "I-Ukraine Robin Hood". Kwangemva kokungakhululeki, iKarmaluk ngokuvamile, iqhawe le-Folk, umvikeli wabampofu nabampofu. Izimbongi nabalobi banikela ngomnikelo wabo. Ukusuka emisebenzini yezincwadi zothando zase-Ukraine, isithombe se-Knightly Magness kanye nesibindi esihle. Igama lakhe laqanjwa amadolobhana amabili nemigwaqo cishe yawo wonke amadolobha ase-Ukraine. UKarmaluk ubeke izikhumbuzo, faka amabhodi eSikhumbuzo, avule iminyuziyamu.
Kepha ingabe i-Ushim karmaluk i-knight enhle ngaphandle kokwesaba nokuhlambalaza, umholi wokunyakaza kwabantu, umvikeli wabantu abancishwe amathuba futhi ecasulwa?
U-Ustim Yakimovich Karmaluk (Carmelileko noma Karmayuk), wazalwa ngoFebhuwari 27 (Mashi 10) ka-1787 edolobhaneni laseGolovchanitsy, no-Andrei-Joseph Piglelovsky ophethwe ngumnikazi womhlaba. Lapho-ke le ndawo ingeyasePoland, kepha ngemuva kweminyaka eyisithupha, ngemuva kwesigaba sesibili seCommonwealth, i-podolie yaba yingxenye yoMbuso WaseRussia. Kepha abalimi bendawo bebesha esigukwini - bobabili babengama-serfs abavela eMpumalanga Enganeni, bahlala.
U-Ustim wayengabafana abaqinile nabanempilo. Akumangalisi ukuthi wayiswa enkantolo yomnikazi wezwe. Kepha impikiswano, umfana wayeba nesibindi ngokwengeziwe, engenamusa. Basola ukuthi naye "wayehlangene" - uBarckaya isiliva wayesehambile namaphawundi amaningi e-wax. Imvamisa emahhashini anjalo azama ukuqeda. Kwakungenakwenzeka ukukwenza ngokomthetho, futhi kunesibopho - indoda enempilo futhi eqinile ibiza izindinganiso zanamuhla nge-jeep ethandekayo. Ngakho-ke, lezi zazivame ukuthunyelwa ebuthweni. Futhi kwenziwa inkonzo yezempi kanye nokudideka kwasusa. Futhi yize kwakukhona umthetho owashada futhi onezingane zamadoda (uKarmaluk washada ngaleso sikhathi futhi wabe enezingane ezimbili) akakwazanga ukuthathwa amabutho - lapho kunemithetho eqinile futhi ethonya. Ngaso sonke isikhathi kutholakale i-loophole ukuze ibazungeze. Akuzange kusize ukugxila ngamanxeba amabili aveziwe, uKarmaluk angqongqoze ngaphandle futhi azilimaze. Isimemezelo sombusi, ngokusho kwabaqasha ngokudla okunempasi, asithathwanga - lapho, ngo-1812, ubhubhane lwezinhlupho lwaluludla. IPan Piglovsky ikwazile ukudlula le oda, futhi ususe isigqoko sokumisa.
Iminyaka engama-25 emasosheni. Iminyaka engama-25 yama-Burges amaSurnes. I-Ustim ayikwazanga ukugcwala. Ngenhlanhla eqenjini, wahlangana nesiteji, esake sahlala edolobhaneni eliseduze, - uDaniel Khor, futhi wayengeyena imodeli yokuthobeka nokuthobeka. Izihlobo zisheshe zithole ulimi olujwayelekile ... lapho umhlangano we-4th we-Ulansky wema eKamenetz-Podolsky, uKarmaluk noCron balahliwe empini, okwathi emva kwalokho bacasha isikhashana emahlathini abo okuzalwa. Kuze kube manje, uChave kaKarmalyukova wagcinwa endaweni yentambo, ngaleso sikhathi wakhonza ikhaya elibalekayo. Ngokushesha, bajoyina abanye abalimele ababili - nikita Udodov (Udodynuk) no-Ivan Tkachuk.
Kwakufanele ngidle amadoda amane anempilo, futhi adonswa ngaphandle kwamaSala ama-Barn Barn, ibhotela, ufulawa, amaqanda. Kwakudingeka ukuthi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi okungenani okudingeka kakhulu, bengifuna ukuphuza yebo ukuhamba - kanti ukweba okuncane kwaphenduka ukuhlaselwa kokuphanga nokuphanga okuvulekile. Ekuqaleni, izisulu zaba ngabalimi nabaqashi abancane babaJuda. Kepha ekupheleni kukaMashi 1813, i-Vataga, ifakwe yi-Sazhi, yakhalazela ipulazi liye engcwebeni i-Ivan Ivan Salo: yena, njengoba abafundisi bebikiwe, kufanele babe yimali enhle. Abatholanga imali, kepha umnikazi wahlushwa ukuze ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva wanika uNkulunkulu uNkulunkulu.
Ngemuva kokubulawa, izinyanga ezimbalwa bacasha, kepha bahlasela amabala futhi bahlasela ifa lepani lePilovsky - ukufuya okuyi-distillery kwangcwatshwa, futhi ipani ngokwakhe laqhutshwa. Ngakho-ke uKarmaluk waphindisela uBarina wakhe. Emhumeni, kwakukhona abalimi ababunguwe abakhulu, ama-Deserbers kanye nabanye abantu abasomathela, ngokushesha uVataga Karmaluk wasukuma amashumi ambalwa abantu, kanye namakhulu ambalwa abafundisi nabezwe. Ukuzingela kwangempela kwaqala kubafebe - ababulawa kwabantu, futhi ngokushesha babanjwa futhi bavele enkantolo yezempi. U-Ustim noDanil babelinde isijeziso esibi - imivimbo engama-500. Kuphethwe okuphansi ukudlulisa ukubulawa okunjalo. Kepha uKarkelyuk noCron basinda. Lapho-ke abavukeli banquma ukuthumela ku-battalion yaseCrimean.
Endleleni, bakwazile ukubalekela, babuyela ezindaweni zabo zokuzalwa. Futhi konke kudala: "Wantshontsha, waphuza, ejele, weba Drank ...". Akunakwenzeka ukuchaza yonke "feats" yakhe esihlokweni esincane. Amahlandla ayisikhombisa (!!!) UKarmaluk wabanjwa. Bashaya izimpi, bashisa ubumbano ebunzini lakhe kathathu, bagweba ukufa kube njalo, izikhathi eziningana ngaphansi kweChereya zathunyelwa kuChereya eSiberia. Amahlumela aphumelele aqhamuka e-Ostrov, imizamo yokuphunyuka engaphumelelanga. Ngizonikeza icala elilodwa kuphela lokuphunyuka, okwaba lisedume: Ekwindla yango-1825, ngesikhathi sesiphepho sasebusuku, uKarmaluk waphula i-grille, wabutha amahembe azo zonke izinhlobo futhi wazibopha ngentambo ende. Ekupheleni kwentambo abopha itshe futhi wayiphonsa ngokuvama kwejele. Ngosizo lwale bhuloho lokumiswa, wonke amacala abalekela endaweni yokungena, ikhamera yayingenalutho ekuseni.
Futhi sonke isikhathi uKarmaluk abuyela ezindaweni zomdabu. Lapho kubalekele ejele laseGoward likaTobian, izinkulungwane eziyi-15 zadlula kulo nyaka zabuyela ePodolia. Wabandakanyeka ekwebiweni kwamahhashi nezinkomo, kanye nohlobo lwe-racket - wakhokhelwa ukungahlaseli. Ukusho ukuthi walwa kuphela nemigoqo yebo, i-Gentry nayo ayinakwenzeka. Ngakho-ke isikhathi se-1826-28, kwabhalwa amacala angama-74 engxenyeni yeqembu laseKarmaluk. Emhlazweni ongu-31, baqondiswe kwabalimi (ukubulawa okungu-1, ukuhlaselwa okuphanga okungu-6, ukweba okungama-24), ngo-17 - ngokumelene nabaphathi babathengisi (okungu-1, izembatho ezi-3), ngo-1 - ngokumelene nokuvalwa (1 ukubulala, Ukuhlaselwa okungu-5 kokuphanga, ukweba okungu-16), kwezine - ngokumelene nabefundisi bamahlelo ahlukahlukene (ukweba). Cishe abantu abangamashumi amahlanu babamba iqhaza ngqo (kokunye ukuhlaselwa kwakukhona ababambiqhaza abayishumi abanezibhamu). Futhi eminyakeni engama-23 nje yemisebenzi, uKarmaluk wembulwa ukuhlaselwa okungaphezu kwenkulungwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusukela emicimbini erekhodiwe ngokumelene noku-oda okukhona kwakuyinye kuphela. NgoJuni 1827, ngenxa yokuvukela komuntu mnene u-Anthony Olshevsky, uKarmaluk kanye nokwenza kwakhe i-vasily dobrovolsky no-Ilko skintchuk bathunjwa ngumninindlu kaFeliksi uFelix Yangchevsky edolobhaneni laseKalna-Darazhna. Abalimi bendawo abathi uKarmaluk bamemeze ngokuphelelwa yithemba: "Kungani u (nguwe, iPanov) Musa ukubaxosha ngokucindezelwa?" Lesi yisitatimende esibhalwe phansi kuphela esingabonakala njengocingo lokubhekana nabanini bomhlaba.
Kepha ingcebo yaseKarmaluk ayizange inzuzo - umndeni wawukakhulu, yena ngokwakhe wayevame ukusebenza njengezicathulo. Izazi-mlando ezithile zothando nabalobi ngalesi sizathu baphethwa - bathi, bonke abagugile kwabacebile, u-Aki Robin Hood, basatshalaliswa kwabampofu. Kepha eqinisweni, konke kulula kakhulu - abaphangi, iPirates, abaphangi kanye neminye imininingwane yolwazi empilweni akuvamile ukuba bacebe. Iningi labaphangiwe laqhubeka nokufumbathiswa, imali ekhokhwayo yendawo yokukhosela, ukuthola imininingwane, ukuthula, ngeHarci, ngezinsizakalo ezahlukahlukene. Yebo imali elula, kalula futhi uhambe. Namuhla kunemfashini - isihlahla, esigcwele imali, kusasa, kusasa kuncela. Ikakhulu ngisho nezimpawu eziphumelelayo zilethe imali ethile.
Akuyona "indawo" enkulu kunazo zonke - isifuba esinemali esinemali ephuke kakhulu nge-korchm ye-olieutenant Colonel ekususeni kweDembitsky, lapho kwakukhona ama-rushes angama-400, ama-ruble angama-175 ngezinto zokwenza izinto. Futhi-ke, le kushe, umuntu edonsele (izimilo e "Revul Karmaluk" zazingamacala obugebengu) - ngisho nokusongelwa "kweminwe ye-Ataman" yezandla "akuzange kusize ekutholeni ukulahlekelwa.
Futhi ngokuyisisekelo amahhashi, izingubo, ugongolo lwasekhaya. Ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ezingo-1826, eduze kwebha, lapho kuntshontshelwe izinkabi ezingama-2 000 namahhashi angama-400, hhayi ukubala ekhaya nezingubo. Konke lokhu kuqinisile kubathengisi be-Corkscram, ikakhulukazi i-vasily dobrovolsky, umkakhe wayeyinkosikazi kaKarmaluk. Izimpungushe zejazi loboya kubaphangi wathatha ama-zlotys ayi-4, ihhashi - ama-ruble ama-2. Futhi ngoba umoya-mpilo wanikeza u-10 zł.
Kwakukhona ngempela lapho kuba khona izigebengu eKurage benikeza abantu - ukuthi wayihlola inqaba empofu futhi wamthola kuphela uhhafu weKopeck, kepha akagcinanga kuphela, kepha wanikeza ama-ruble ambalwa kuphela; Ukuthi, ukuntshontsha futhi kubona umkhuhlane nosanda kuzalwa, washiya bonke abanezinkinga futhi wabeka izibungu ezimbalwa zegolide embhedeni - ingane eKhrikhten ... Kepha, ngokuvamile, amacala angavamile e-gangster, uNarodnaya Solva weqa ngehora leshumi , ngisho nezikhathi eziyikhulu.
Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yo-1930 yekhulu le-XIX, i-runaway afeze instim karmaluk kwakuyisibalo esigunyaziwe emhlabeni wezwe lobugebengu podialia, futhi mhlawumbe yonke i-Ukraine, futhi mhlawumbe noMbuso waseRussia. Uhlobo lwe- "Pachan", "isela emthethweni". Ekuphetheni naseKatorga, wayejabulela igunya elingafinyeleleki eZekov. Ngisho nabezelaba bayesaba futhi banikeza inkululeko ehlobene nokuthungatha. Ngakho-ke umbhikisho ejele laseKhatsinskaya ngoDisemba 1827, yibaphi ababhali abachazwa njengokwenza umsebenzi wokuphetha ngobuntu, empeleni babebangelwa iqiniso lokuthi iziphathimandla zejele zenqaba i-dobrovolskaya efanayo. Ngemuva kwalokho wavele waphula umnyango waya enkosikazini yakhe. Futhi lapho edluliselwa eGaupvataht, waqala ukuvumela iziboshwa ekuvukeleni. Ngaphandle kokuthola ukwesekwa, basusa ukuthengisa kwabo kwesinkwa kwansuku zonke futhi bavinjelwe ngabanye abahambisana nabo, belwa nonogada abanezitini. Ngosuku lwesine kuphela, abavukeli baphothulwa: vasily dobrovolsky (umyeni kaMariya) noSotnikuk babeshade nemijondolo, naseKarmaluk, okuphambene nokuvinjelwa okusemthethweni, baboshwa "ecaleni eliya egumbini."
Wazondwa, wesaba futhi ngasikhathi sinye. Zonke izinto ezifanayo zabantu zixazululwa zahlobisa "ukuxhaphaza" komphangi. Ngawo-1920s, isazi-mlando uSergey Yakimovich, sibheka ubuntu bakhe, sahlaselwa cishe yinzondo yalesi "sigebengu esifudumele" esigodini, lapho empeleni sachitha khona iminyaka yokuphila futhi yafa. Enkumbulweni yabalimi beKorchi, ukwesaba omama babo abesaba ukuqoqa amakhowe ehlathini kwasala, - ngokwezinganekwane, kaKarmaluk "" abaphoqelekile kakhulu futhi badlwengulwa abesifazane.
Wayenonya futhi aqine kakhulu. Ukukhula okuphansi "2 Arshina no-6 vershkov", okungukuthi, amasentimitha angama-171), kodwa kabanzi kanye ne-cetest. Kufakazelwa ngomkhondo ojulile osuka kwimbazo, ahamba ngayo odongeni lapho edubula ejele laseLitsk. Kwadlula iminyaka engamakhulu amabili, kwasala ithrekhi! Ngahlukaniswa ingqondo evelele, ubuqili nokukhuthazela. Ngaphezu kwesilonda sendabuko, ephethwe ngokukhululekile ngezilimi zasePoland kanye ne- "Moscow" - ngaphezu kwaloko zikhishwe kwisosha laseRussia. I-Contowtoraries yagcizelela kahle uKarmaluk, umkhuba ukusheshisa kahle, ukushefa nokugqoka njengomfundi. Ngokusobala, wayenamakhono akwa-Hypnotic - abaningi babenesiqiniseko sokuthi wayengumthakathi kanye nomlingo.
Iminyaka engama-23 inhlanhla ayishiyanga uKarmaluk. Iminyaka engama-23 eqiniseka ukwesaba i-Ukraine. Kwathi ngo-Okthoba 10, 1835, iFortuna yaphenduka kuye. I-Shutchiki yabamba ithusi. Lokho "kwadlula" umlingani wakhe uPratskova nonkosikazi wakhe kanye nefilimu yesikhashana karmaluk. Ubufakazi obumisiwe buphenywa ngemibuzo, kepha abangaphatheki u-Elena utshele abaphathi bendawo mayelana nokufika okulindelekile kwe-Ustim. Futhi yena, yize axwayiswa ngokubheka, phela, wafika emhlanganweni we-heater yendawo ukucacisa uhlelo lokuhlaselwa ngumnini we-vyransky. Esefundile ngalokhu, uVyransky waphuthuma ukuthola usizo kumakhelwane wakhe, iPana Hlopitsky. Leyo ndlu ibingeyona, kepha indodakazi yakhe yayinomkhwenyana, uRutovsky oneminyaka engu-18. Ukubona ukuphelelwa yithemba kwe-vyransky, le ntokazi esencane yaqala ukukhononda: Bathi, AKUSHINTSHA OKUFANELE, NJENGOBA KULULA, kanye nokufunwa komkhwenyana kuthathe isinqumo sokuqamekela e "Chlop nesela". Lapho nje uKarmaluk engena endlini, uRutkovsky wamdubula evela esibhamu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusho kwenganekwane, lesi sibhamu asikhokhiswanga ngenhlamvu, kepha inkinobho yesiliva - kuphela kungenzeka ukuthi ibulale umthakathi. UProkop Pratskov wadingiselwa eSiberia, umkakhe waxolelwa, futhi iKarvesta Rutovsky yanikezwa umhlangano womuntu siqu noNikolai. Wanikezwa iDayimane Perrsta futhi yathola ukuthi i-Perrsta yayo futhi yathola ukukhululwa empilweni.
Isidumbu sikaKarmaluk sathathwa phezu kwezinsuku eziningana, base begijimela eLatichev - esigodini, ngemuva kwamathuna, ngaphandle kwesiphambano, njengoba zonke iziphambano zingcwatshwe. Futhi, njengoba kwenzeka kaningi, inkazimulo yangempela yafika eKarmanluk ngemuva kokufa. Okokuqala - ezinganekwaneni zezinganekwane, ama-bass, izingoma namahlaya. Isiphetho seKarmaluk asikwazanga kodwa sigqugquzele ababhali nezimbongi. Emisebenzini yokuqala yezincwadi zothando zase-Ukraine eziphakathi kwekhulu leminyaka, isithombe sesibindi esihle sokukhohlisa nobukhosi. Ngakho-ke kwaba ngumsizi futhi umphangi, i-knight ngaphandle kokwesaba nokuhlambalaza, i-Avenger Avenger neqhawe. Neqembu lakhe - ibutho lamavukelambuso lilwela inkululeko nobulungiswa.