IKhomishini Yezomnotho Yase-Eurasia isebenza njalo ukuthuthukisa izimo zokusebenza e-Eauu, kanti enye yezinkomba zalokhu ukwenza ngcono izindlela zokulawulwa kwe-antimonopoly. Njengoba kuphakanyisiwe e-ECE ngesikhathi se-antimonopoly Foramu ngoFebhuwari 18, inyunyana yase-Eurasia idinga izindlela ezintsha zokulandela ukulandelwa kwe-antitrost, ngoba izinkambiso ezikhona azinikezwanga ezindinganisweni ezihlangene. Umbuzo uphathelene nezimakethe zedijithali ezithuthukiswa zazo ezikhulise ngaphansi kwethonya lobhubhane kanye nemikhawulo ehambisana nakho. Yiziphi izinyathelo zokuvikela ukusetshenziswa komncintiswano we-ECE manje nokuthi yiziphi izinguquko ezilungiselela, ilungu leLolegigium (UNgqongqoshe) emncintiswaneni kanye nokulawulwa kwe-antimonopoly yeKhomishini u-ArmMia Shakkaliyev atshele i-Eurasia.Expert.
- U-Arman Abayevich, ibhlokhi yakho ibhekele ukuvikela umncintiswano enyunyana. Yiziphi izinyathelo, ngombono wakho, okuphumelela kakhulu ekusebenzeni?
- Ngabe ngidinga ukuvikela umncintiswano nokuthi ungakwenza kanjani? Umbuzo onjalo uphakama ezingxoxweni kaningi. Ngokubona kwami, ukuvikela nokuthuthukisa ukuncintisana akunakuphikiswa. Isibonelo, ukuqinisekisa ukuncintisana okulungile kunomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwamabhizinisi amancane naphakathi, okuthi, nakho, kuholela ekuqubukeni kwemisebenzi emisha. Noma yikuphi ukuvela kwabaqhudelana ezimakethe zezimpahla kuphoqa abanye abadlali bale makethe ukwethula ubuchwepheshe obusha, funa izinketho ezintsha zokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwemisebenzi yabo. Konke lokhu kuza ekuzuzeni umnotho wombuso futhi kuqinisekisa ukukhula kwazo zonke izinkomba zezomnotho nezezimali ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene.
Ngaphansi kwale mibandela, ukuncintisana phakathi kwezinto zemakethe kufanele kube nonembeza ukuthi "imithetho yomdlalo" bakhonjwe bobabili emthethweni kazwelonke wamazwe nasezingeni eliphakeme kwi-Eauu. Futhi njengesiqinisekiso sokuziphatha ngenxa kanembeza nokulingana ezimakethe sikhona - Iziphathimandla ezi-AntiTrust. Isivumelwano se-Eaeec sichaza imigomo ejwayelekile nemithetho yokuncintisana, ikhono leKhomishini kanye nemizimba egunyaziwe yamazwe angamalungu ancishisiwe. Konke lokho okungadluleli ngale ndlela eyodwa, alawule iziphathimandla zezwe. Uma ukwephulwa kwemithetho ejwayelekile yokuncintisana kuthinte izimakethe zezitatimende ze-Eae noma ngaphezulu ze-Eaeu, okungukuthi, izimakethe zeTranskloory, lo ngumkhakha wemisebenzi yeKhomishini.
Uma sikhuluma ngezindlela zokuvikela umncintiswano, yize kunjalo, kufanele zihloswe ukuvikela nokuvimbela izenzo ezingezinhle zephula imithetho yokuncintisana. Futhi amathuluzi angahluka - njengokujezisa (ngesimo senhlawulo, ngokwesibonelo), futhi ukuvimbela (lokhu okubizwa ngokuthi "umthetho othambile"). Uma sikhuluma ngezibalo, ngonyaka owedlule sibuyekeze izinhlelo ezingama-28 kwizimpawu zokwephulwa kwemithetho ejwayelekile yokuncintisana; uchithe uphenyo olungu-13; Kubhekwe amacala ayi-11 wokwephulwa kwemithetho yokuncintisana ejwayelekile.
Umgomo ukujezisa, ukufezekisa abamele amabhizinisi ngaphambi kokuthi ikhomishini ingafanele. Izinhlawulo - Isilinganiso sokugcina, okufanele siguquke kuwo, ukubuyiselwa komncintiswano ukuthi yinto esemqoka.
Manje ikhomishini yethulwa ngenkuthalo futhi isetshenziswa "imigomo ethambile". Isibonelo, indlela yemisho isivele yaqalwa. Njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, ikuvumela ukuthi ubuyisele imigomo yokuncintisana elinganayo, yonga isikhathi, izinsiza zezezimali zabahlanganyeli bezimakethe - Sinikezela ngezimpawu zokuphulwa kwemithetho, yenza izimpawu ezithile ngokuzimela, kufaka phakathi okuhlosiwe ukuncintisana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhizinisi ebhizinisi awaweli ngaphansi kwezinhlawulo futhi awathwali izingozi eziphawuleka kakhulu.
Ngo-2020, sathuthuka, savuma futhi sakhishwa izitatimende eziyi-10 zesicelo kubahlanganyeli ezimakethe ezahlukahlukene zezimpahla ezenzweni ezihlose ukuqeda ukwephulwa komncintiswano ezimakethe zemingcele. Kumele kushiwo ukuthi leli thuluzi lisebenza ngokufanayo lizimisele zombili ezimakethe zensimbi ye-asotrotropic, amalahle, nasezimakethe zeziphuzo ezibilisiwe nezine.
- Akuyona imfihlo yokuthi amasampula entengo ngayinye aqaliswa ezimakethe zamazwe asentshonalanga, ngokwezimpawu zawo ezifanelekile, adlula amasampula avezwe ezimakethe zamazwe ethu. Ingabe lesi yisenzo sokuncintisana okungalungile? IKhomishini ihlose kanjani ukumelana nalokhu?
- Impela, amacala lapho kusetshenziswa khona izimpahla e-surrogates endaweni ye-Eaeu, ziqoshwa yiziphathimandla zezwe zamazwe. Ku-ajenda yeKhomishini, kunombuzo ukuthuthukisa ushintsho kwizimiso zezobuchwepheshe ze-Eaeu. Ikakhulu, uma izimpahla zisebenza ensimini yelungu le-EAEU zisho, ekwakhiweni kwalo, izici ezifanelekile noma ezinye izinkomba ziyehluka kumkhiqizo ofanayo wentengiso, imininingwane ephathelene nalokhu kufanele ilethwe kumthengi, okungukuthi, kuchazwe ekuphaketheni. Lokhu kuzovikela imakethe yethu emikhubeni yokuncintisana engathembeki yezinkampani ezinkulu zeTransnational zokukhiqiza kanye nokuqaliswa kwendawo ye-Eaeu yempahla ephansi.
Mhlawumbe sizohamba ngezindlela ezihlukile futhi sicabangele ukuthi kungenzeka kwezenzo ezihlanganyelwe nezinhlangano zezwe ezivikela amalungelo abathengi. Ngokubona kwethu, izinqumo zomthetho zalolu daba zingatholakala emthethweni kazwelonke wamazwe abamba iqhaza e-Eaeu.
- Ngobhubhane lokutheleleka kwe-coronavirus, izimakethe zedijithali zithole intuthuko entsha. Yini itekisi ngokuvikela ukuncintisana kuzo?
- Ngeke ngithi bekungubhubhane lomhlaba wonke lokutheleleka kwe-coronavirus okuthonye intuthuko yezimakethe zedijithali. Esikhundleni salokho, washesha ukuthuthuka kwabo. Kubukeka kimi ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwezimakethe zedijithali kukhula ngokuqiniswa kwendima "yezibalo" emhlabeni wonke nasezindaweni ezihlukile, futhi lokhu kwenzeka ngokushesha. Ezimweni ezinjalo, iziphathimandla ze-antimonopoly zidinga ngenkuthalo ukuhlukumeza umncintiswano ezimakethe zedijithali, futhi sinaka ngokukhethekile ukuqapha kokuziphatha kwezinkampani zedijithali.
Ikhomishini ilungiselela ukubuyekezwa kwephrojekthi "yokuncintisana (antitrost) umthethonqubo ezimakethe zedijithali." Izohlaziya umkhuba wamazwe omhlaba wokusebenzisa izinhlinzeko zemithetho ye-antimonopoly ukuze ubudlelwane nobudlelwano obugoqiwe kwizimakethe "zedijithali". Izindlela ezintsha zizokhonjiswa ekuqondisweni kwakazwelonke kwezimakethe zedijithali kanye nokubuyekezwa kwezindlela zokulawula zendabuko kungenzeka zenziwe ngezincomo. Sisekuqaleni kwendlela, ngakho-ke manje zonke lezi zinkinga kuxoxwa ngazo nochwepheshe bezindikimba zombuso zamazwe ethu.
Siphinde sabuyekeza ezinye izimakethe zedijithali, okuyindlela okungenzeka ukuthi i-anti-yokuncintisana ingaba khona. Phakathi kwezimakethe ezinjalo abakhangisi, ama-cinema aku-inthanethi, izinjini zokucinga, ama-aggregators amatekisi. Ngo-Mashi 2021, emhlanganweni onamakhanda emizimba ye-antimonopoly ye-Eae States, sihlela ukuhambisa imiphumela yalezi zibuyekezo ukuze ziqhube ezinye izindlela zokuphenya.
- Abamele iKhomishini bagcizelela ukuthi okubaluleke kakhulu kwabo akusona isijeziso sokwephula imithetho ejwayelekile yokuncintisana, kepha ukulawulwa kokuvimbela. Yiziphi izindlela zokuvimbela ukuvikela ukuncintisana okusebenzayo kakhulu?
- Njengoba ngishilo, siya ku- "Ukulawulwa okuthambile." Sibheja ukungasebenzi ngemiphumela, kepha ukudala uhlelo lokulawulwa kwengozi futhi sivikele amathuba okuphulwa kwemithetho yokuncintisana.
Namuhla, iKhomishini, kanye neZidumbu zikaZwelonke zamalungu e-Eaeu States, iphethe inani elikhulu lomsebenzi ekwakhiweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwemvelo yokuncintisana kumamakethe e-Eaeu Commodity, ikakhulukazi ngokwenza ngcono izindlela zokulawula zokulwa nokuvundwa. Enye yezivumelwano eziphambili, ezazivele zikwazi ukuvumelana ngazo futhi zifake phakathi iphakethe elikhulu lezichibiyelo esivumelwaneni se-EAEEC (okwamanje, umthetho ozoguqulwa kwisivumelwano esivumelwaneni ngokuvuselelwa - Umthethonqubo othambile " Izindlela, okungukuthi zikhipha izexwayiso ngesidingo sokuqeda izenzo eziqukethe izimpawu zokwephulwa kwemithetho ejwayelekile yokuncintisana, nokwenza izexwayiso ngokutholwa kwezenzo ezijwayelekile zokuncintisana.
Lesi sixwayiso siyamenywa ukuthi sikhiphe isicelo sokwephulwa kwemithetho ejwayelekile yokuncintisana (lesi isifaniso esithile sesikhungo seziphakamiso engixoxe ngazo ngenhla). Kulokhu, izexwayiso ngeke zikhishwe uma kunezimpawu zesivumelwano sokulwa ne-anti-compelitive (Cartel) noma ukusungula amanani aphezulu okuphezulu noma aphansi akhonjwa. Ngeke ikhishwe uma kwenzeka ukwephulwa kabusha kungakapheli izinyanga ezingama-24.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lapho kufeza izimo zokuvimbela umuntu okhishwe, ngeke kuphenywe futhi icala lokwephulwa kwemithetho yokuncintisana elijwayelekile kuzokwenziwa, ngokufanele, isilinganiso esithile somthwalo wemfanelo ngeke sisetshenziswe ku uhlobo lokufakwa kwenhlawulo. Ngasikhathi sinye, uma ibhizinisi lebhizinisi lingasifezi lesi sixwayiso, ikhomishini izoqhubeka nokucatshangelwa kohlelo futhi izophenya.
Into yesibili "yokulawulwa okuthambile", esengeniswa kwisivumelwano, yisixwayiso. Ingahle inikezwe umuntu osemthethweni we-hossekuject, kanye nabantu ngesitatimende somphakathi ngokuziphatha okuhleliwe emakethe yeTransBoundary, uma lokho kuziphatha kungaholela ekuphulweni kwemithetho yokuncintisana ejwayelekile, futhi kukhona Akunasizathu sokwenza incazelo yokuqala kophenyo. Inqubo yokwenza isexwayiso izovuma ikhomishini.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, enye yezikhombisi-ndlela eziphambili zomsebenzi wethu inzuzo yokuncintisana - Izinyathelo okuhloswe ngazo ukukhuthaza izinzuzo zokuncintisana kanye nokuchazwa kwezindlela zokulawulwa kwama-antimonopoly. Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, umkhuba wokuchazwa okuhleliwe kwemithetho ejwayelekile yokuncintisana usunguliwe, uhlinzeka ngempendulo nomphakathi wamabhizinisi wamalungu e-EEEA. Ngasikhathi sinye, kusetshenziswa izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokushintshaniswa kolwazi: Ukuhlangana nebhizinisi, ukwazisa kwabezindaba, ukubekwa kolwazi kuwebhusayithi yeKhomishini kwi-Intanethi, kanye nasezinkundleni zokuxhumana, ukushicilela izinto eziphrintiwe nokunye.
Uhlobo oluphumelelayo lokuxhumana phakathi kweKhomishini nomphakathi webhizinisi bekukhona imihlangano ejwayelekile yomphakathi ethola uphiko lomncintiswano kanye nomthethonqubo we-antimonopoly. Ngo-2018 nango-2019 Senze ukuhambela imihlangano emazweni, sisebenze "emasimini", sacacisa izingqinamba eziyinkinga yephrofayili, kubandakanya nokubophezela ngokwephulwa kwemithetho yokuncintisana ejwayelekile ezimakethe ze-TransBoundary Eaeu ezimakethe kanye nokucatshangelwa kwezitatimende zemakethe ku Ukuba khona kwezimpawu zokwephulwa, izinqubo zokuphenya kanye nokucatshangelwa kwamacala. Kuyo yonke le minyaka, izinkampani ezingaphezu kuka-850 ze-Eae Story zahlanganyela ezinsizeni zasendle zokwamukela umphakathi.
Mayelana nemikhawulo efakwe ngenxa ye-Covit ye-pandemic-19, ngasekupheleni kukaDisemba 2020, umhlangano wawubanjelwe online: Kwakukhona ukusakaza esiteshini se-YouTube seKhomishini. Ibhizinisi libuze imibuzo emugqeni wamazwana wokusakaza, ngokushesha sashicilela izimpendulo.
Sikholelwa, sekuyisikhathi sokuguqula ukwamukela umphakathi. Sifuna ukudala indawo lapho singaxhumana khona namabhizinisi kanye nokuzilolonga, sixoxe ngezinkinga zamanje, sithuthukise izixazululo ezijwayelekile kwimodi ye-braintom.
Le yifomethi entsha ye- "Open Doors", lapho kuzoxoxwa khona nezinkinga eziningi kakhulu ezingcwaba ngaphandle kwe-bureaucracy. Sifuna ibhizinisi ukwakha i-ajenda yethu. Sakha i-ecosystem yedijithali, lapho ukwakha ukuxhumana kwabahlanganyeli abaphambili: "Ipulatifomu (insiza yethu yedijithali) - umthengi webhizinisi."
Isiteji sisebenza kwisimiso esithi "Iwindows Window": Kuso ngokukhanga ngewebhusayithi yeKhomishini, ngokusebenzisa ukwamukela umphakathi noma amakhasi ethu ekuxhumaneni nomphakathi ngeke nje ukwazi ukuxhumana nabamele ibhizinisi, kodwa futhi nezakhamizi wamazwe e-Eaeu. Lokhu kuzosisiza ukuba sicabangele umbono webhizinisi nabathengi encazelweni ye-ajenda yethu. Isibonelo, ekhasini le-block yokuncintisana kuwebhusayithi yeKhomishini Kunefomu lokuphendula, elikhona ngaso sonke isikhathi ithuba lokubuza imibuzo ngemibuzo futhi uthole izimpendulo. Ikhasi eliku-Facebook nalo lenziwa, lapho kulula ukulandelela imicimbi, izindaba, izimemezelo zemicimbi - "I-Business Navigator Eaeu".
- Phambilini, kwamenyezelwa umbono lapho kwethulwa ngomunye wamathuluzi wemvelo ye-prophylactic - Ukulandela ama-antitrost. Ngabe uhlola kanjani amathemba okuqamba okunjalo?
- Kithina, ukwethulwa kweSikhungo Sokuthobela i-Antimonopoly kuya ku-Eae Right kungenye yezinto eziza kuqala. Kubalulekile ukuthi ibhizinisi lingagcini nje ngokuqeda ukwephulwa kwemithetho yokuncintisana, kepha futhi lalungisa nezinqubo zalo zangaphakathi ukuvikela ukubuyekezwa ngokuzayo.
Sihlela ukuthuthukisa izindlela ezintsha zokulandela ukulandelela antitrost ngokusekelwe ohlelweni lokuhlanganisa. Emazweni amabili amahlanu, i-Eaeu Lesi Sikhungo sisebenze ngempumelelo futhi sibonisa imiphumela emihle. Kuyadingeka ukuqoqa nokuhlaziya wonke umkhuba womhlaba wonke futhi kucatshangelwa izici ze-Eaeu, ukuthuthukisa umhlahlandlela osebenzayo wezinkampani ukuthuthukisa, ukusebenzisa, ukusebenza kanye nokuhlola ukusebenza kwe-antimonopoly ethubeni, kumisa inqubo. Kuyadingeka futhi ukuthola izidingo zochwepheshe abazimele abazofinyelela ngokuhambisana nenqubomgomo yebhizinisi kwizidingo ezisunguliwe.
Ukwethulwa kwalo msebenzi kuzovumela abanikazi bebhizinisi ngesikhathi esifanele sokuthola izingozi zokulwa nokudlalwa, bamukele isethi ephelele yezindlela zokuvimbela ukwephulwa komthetho we-antimonopoly futhi, ngenxa yokuthola izinhloso zayo zokusebenza. Ukugcizelelwa okuyinhloko lapha kuzoba ngcono kosomabhizinisi ngokuzimela nangokubaluleke kakhulu, kuzonquma ngokuzithandela ngesidingo sokwethula ukuhambisana kwe-antimonopoly emisebenzini yabo.