Ukuchazwa Kwezomthetho "Umama oyedwa" noma "umzali onesizungu" akekho. Okuqukethwe komqondo onjalo kuya ngenhloso yokusebenzisa emkhakheni othile wobudlelwano bezomthetho, isifunda kanye nohlobo lwezinzuzo.
Kusho ukuthini incazelo kamama ongayedwa
Incazelo eyamukelwa ngokuvamile isho ukuthi "umama onesizungu" nguyena kuphela umuntu okhulisa ingane ngaphandle kobaba. Ezimweni lapho ashonela khona, ancishwa amalungelo abazali noma isitifiketi sokuzalwa sengane ekholomu "ubaba" amele i-fiber. Endabeni yesehlukaniso, noma ngabe uyise wengane ethola ukukhokhwa kwe-alimony, umama empeleni ukukhulisa ingane akuyona isizungu.
Yini eqinisekisa omama abangabodwa ebudlelwaneni obusemthethweni bezabasebenzi
Umqashi akakwazi ukuqeda ubudlelwano babasebenzi ngokusebenza kwalo nomsebenzi okuwukuphela komzali, uletha ingane encane noma ingane ekhubazekile engaphansi kweminyaka engu-18. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusebenzi kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:
- ukumiswa kwenhlangano;
- ukwephulwa okukhulu kwesisebenzi semisebenzi yakhe;
- Ukuhlinzeka abasebenzi amadokhumenti amanga anolwazi ngokuqashwa.
Umama onesizungu anganikeza iholide elengeziwe lonyaka emavikini amabili. Ilungelo elinjalo lomzali okuwukuphela lisungula ikhodi yezabasebenzi yeRussia Federation ku-Article 263.
Umkhawulo womzali onesizungu emsebenzini ebusuku, ukusebenza isikhathi esengeziwe ngezimpelasonto namaholide, uhambo lwebhizinisi. Lo mthetho usungula ikhodi yezabasebenzi yeRussia Federation ku-Article 264.
Ukuphela komzali wezingane ezintathu noma ngaphezulu ezifika eminyakeni eyi-12 ekhokhelwa unyaka wonke kunikezwe ngesikhathi esifanele. Umama ongayedwa unelungelo lokuthola isikhashana uma ekhulisa ingane encane.
Yiziphi izintela ezihlinzekelwe omama abangabodwaUkuphela komzali ngokusho kwesicelo sakhe kuhlinzekwa ngenani eliphindwe kabili lokudonswa kwentela ye-NDFL. Leli ngakolunye umzali ngaphambi kwalolo mzuzu aze ashade. Ukufaka isicelo sokuhlinzekwa kokuncishiswa kuyadingeka eMnyangweni Wezabalwa Kwezabasebenzi
Umama ongayedwa ukhululiwe entela yempahla. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kudingeka axhumane noMnyango we-Accounting enhlanganweni yakhe yabasebenzi. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi leli lungelo alitholakali kuzo zonke izifunda. Ungathola ukuthi isifundo sakho sinikeza ilungelo lokuphumula okunjalo kuwebhusayithi ye-FTS.
Kulokhu, umzali wamukelwa kuphela uma kwenzeka kuba nokufa, ukuqashelwa njengomzali wesibili olahlekile noma oshonile. Isehlukaniso noma ukuncipha komzali wesibili welungelo lengane yokuphinda kabili usayizi wokuncishiswa akunikeli.
Imithetho yezifunda zeRussia Federation ziphakamisa izinzuzo ezahlukahlukene nezinzuzo zomzali ongayedwa. Ngokuya kwabo, udinga ukufaka isicelo kwinkonzo yezenhlalo.
Uhlu lwezinzuzo, ivolumu nenqubo yabo yokuhlinzeka abazali abane-Lonely bamisa isifunda uqobo.Sizohlaziya ukuthi yini imali enganikeza ngayo isihloko seRussia Federation esibonelweni saseMoscow nesifunda saseMoscow:
- Izinzuzo zanyanga zonke zemindeni enomzali oyedwa, lapho imali ephakathi ingafinyeleli ubuncane bendawo yokuziphilisa esifundeni ezinganeni ezivela eminyakeni eyishumi kuya kweyishumi nesishiyagalombili. Isibonelo, eMoscow yengane isuka eminyakeni emithathu kuya kweyisikhombisa emndenini ophansi ophansi, inkokhelo enjalo yenziwa ngenani lama-ruble angama-7,725.
- Isinxephezelo sanyanga zonke ngama-ruble angama-740 wokunxeshezelwa ngokwandisa izindleko zemikhiqizo ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emithathu.
- Isinxephezelo sanyanga zonke sokunxeshezelwa ngokwandisa izindleko zokuphila ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-16. Kusuka kuma-ruble angama-300 kuye kwangama-800.
- Isinxephezelo sanyanga zonke sokunakekelwa kwengane ekhubazekile noma ekhubazekile kusukela ebuntwaneni kuze kube yiminyaka engama-23. Esifundeni saseMoscow, inani lokukhokha lingama-ruble ayi-13,141.
- Ukukhokhelwa kwanyanga zonke okukhokhelwa komuntu okhubazeke umzali weqembu lokuqala noma lesibili ezinganeni ezincane. Inani lokukhokha liyafana nesicelo 4.
- Isinxephezelo sanyanga zonke sokulungiswa kwezingane zikamama onesizungu, okuyintandane futhi ufunda esikoleni esiphakeme noma e-dusza. EMoscow, inani lokukhokha lingama-ruble angama-3,286.
Imaphi amalungelo abomama abanikelayo
Izindlu zesinxephezelo sokukhokha kanye nezinsizakalo zomphakathi. Kungenzeka ukukhipha ilungelo lokuzuza egatsheni lezwe lokuvikelwa komphakathi. Kufanele ugcwalise inkokhelo yesinxephezelo futhi unikeze isitifiketi esiqinisekisa ukuthi ungumama ongayedwa. Njalo ngenyanga kuzonxeshezelwa kuze kube yi-30% yezindleko ze-LCA.
Ukuthola indawo enkulisa ngaphandle kwe-kindergarten. Ukunquma ingane yakho enkulisa, udinga ukuxhumana noMnyango Wezemfundo yangaphambi kwesikole esifundeni sakho.
Izinkokhelo ezikhethekile zikanokusho okunethezeka zibhekele kakhulu kule ndaba. Ngakho-ke, ungathola lonke ulwazi lwamanje kuwebhusayithi kaHulumeni wakho wesifunda, izinsizakalo zikaMasipala noma eMnyangweni Wezokuvikelwa Komphakathi.