Ukundiza ezinhlotsheni eziyi-297 zezindiza, ezitholwa ngaphezu kuka-200. Wayengumngane kaValery Chklalov, uMikhail Gromova, uStepan Supboan noPeter Stefanovsky. Ngesikhathi sempi enkulu yokuthanda izwe, izindiza eziphikisayo ezingama-49 zadutshulwa ngokusemthethweni futhi 47 ngaphezulu eqenjini. Angikaze ngidutshulwe, ngashiya abalindi lami kuphela ngenxa yeTaran yesitha. Kathathu kwakubonakala sengathi kuyinhloko yeqhawe leSoviet Union, kepha inkanyezi yegolide itholwe ngo-1948 kuphela. Kuzoba ngumshayeli wendiza ovelele ka-Ivan Evgrafovich Fedorov.
Igama layo langempela - denisov. Ubaba ka-Ivan, iBudyNonnonivets yebutho lokuqala lehhashi, walwa emaphethelweni empi yombango. Ukubuyela ezweni lakubo eLugansk, i-cavalryman enesibindi yabhala kabusha indodana emsileni kabakhulu. Isizathu salokhu kwakuyi-hooliganism yengane yakini eneminyaka eyisishiyagalombili: ukuba yi-batrakom ivan ekuphindiselweni kokuqhuma komnikazi, ifa lakhe. UWanya wakwazi ukuqhubeka nemfundo yakhe kuphela eminyakeni eyishumi nane. Kwaphela iminyaka emibili, kwadlula uhlelo lweminyaka emihlanu, wafunda umakhenikha wensimbi, wabe eseshayela emgodini we-locomotive. Ngokufana, wahlukunyezwa kakhulu ngendiza esifundazweni sasePhamar kanti iminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu evela ekuzalweni kwaqala kwavuka esibhakabhakeni.
Esikoleni saseLuhansk sabashayeli bezindiza bezempi u-Ivan bajwayelane nesethi yezindiza enezindiza ezahlukahlukene: "Anvro-504", "Focker D-7", no - 2bis, no-5. Eminyakeni eyishumi nesishiyagalolunye, waba ngumkhuzi wamaqembu, wandizela i-I-15 naku-I-16, wathuthukiswa ngokushayela izindiza futhi walwa nokuziqeqesha futhi wamfundisa abanye. Kepha ukuba yi-ASA, kufanele ubambe iqhaza ezimpini zangempela.
Ngo-1937, kulo mzuzu weza. Ngemuva komoya we-Air Parade phezu kwesikwele esibomvu sababambiqhaza bawo, phakathi kwabo kwakungezona ezomsebenzi, kwamenyelwa eKremlin. Ukuthatha leli thuba, abashayeli bezindiza abanolwazi abangu-12 banquma ukubuza iSpain, lapho kwakukhona impi. Abashayeli bezindiza babekwa phambili ngu-Ivan, owabona uVoroshilov, waphendukela kuye. UMRONIMU WABantu, Ukubonisana NoStalin, Wanikela "Okuhle." NgoJuni 17, u-Ivan Fedorovov wanqoba ukunqoba kwakhe kokuqala esibhakabhakeni saseSpain. Ngokusho kwe-alamu, wasuka waya ekucabangeni kweqembu likaFrankist Bomber, owayembozwe ngabalwa bamuva baseJalimane "Messerschmitt-109" abavela kuLegion "Condor". Vele emoyeni, umshayeli wabona ukuthi andiza ngaphandle kweparachute. Isibindi sashayisa eqenjini lendiza yezitha futhi, ukumamatheka, umugqa omude odutshulwe phansi kimi-109.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izimpi zomoya zenziwa ngokuphakama kwezinombolo kwendiza kaGeneral Franco, amaJalimane namaNtaliyane asekelwa ngenkani, abashayeli bezindiza bamanye amazwe nge-I-16 "bahlanganisa" izitha eziningi. UFedorov wathola kusuka kumaSpaniard a "Dischare Rooh" (I.e. "Red Devil") kanye nokubonga komuntu siqu ngesimo sokuqabulana nokungesabi esibhakabhakeni. Esesimweni sakho esisemuva kwenombolo 8803, yilokho ngesikhathi sokuhlala eSpain Fedorov "senze ukuvela okungama-286, kwenze amasampula e-air air, akhombisa amasampula ahlukile okulwa nomoya." Ungqongqoze izindiza eziphikisayo ezingama-24 (11 uqobo no-13 eqenjini). Wenza ama-taran amabili. Ngaphezu kokunikeza, ama-oda amabili esibhengezo esibomvu saseFedorov, phakathi kwabanye, iqhawe leSoviet Union lethulwe ezikhundleni zeqhawe leSoviet Union. Kodwa-ke, yonke into yaphanga ukugcotshwa edilini eliqinile eMoscow phakathi kwamathangi kanye nabashayeli bezindiza baphikisana ngokubaluleka kweqhaza lembuthalo yokuzalwa lapho u-Ivan Evgrafovich enza ingxenye esebenzayo.
Ngemuva kweSpain, uFedorov wathunyelwa kuqala eChina, kwathi eKhalhin-Good. "Abashayeli bezindiza baseJapan babefanele abaphikisi. Babalekelele okuhle ngaleso sikhathi abalwa nabesilisa no-96 futhi bazibonakalisa bexabana ngesibindi nabangesabi, "wakhumbula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. I-Fedorov ingeze enye i-8 Shot Down to account yakhe.
Ngokushesha nje ngemuva kokuqala kwempi enkulu yokuthanda izwe, iFedorov yabhala umkhuzi wamandla empi weRiphabhulikhi yemibiko yeRed Army ngesicelo okufanele siqondiswe ngaphambili. Isicelo sagcwaliseka ngomqondo ohlukile: U-Ivan Evgrafovich, owayenesipiliyoni esiqinile ekuhlolweni kwendiza, wathunyelwa eForky efektri No. 21 njengomshayeli oholayo. Ukukopisha inhliziyo yeqhawe lethu bekuthola i-lagg-3 entsha, eyayihanjiswa ngqo ngaphambili. Yonke imibiko yokuthi waya kumqondisi wesitshalo futhi umyalo we-Air Force wahlala engaphendulwanga. Ukuphoqa iziphathimandla ukuthi zikususe emsebenzini wokuhlola, uFedorov wanquma ngesinyathelo esikhulu: Ekupheleni kukaJulayi Wenza "izimbotshana ezifile" ebhulohweni elisha e-Okhu. Ukuvikelwa kwebhuloho kwavula umlilo ku-hooligan. Icala lingaphela kwi-Tribunal, futhi umshayeli wendiza wanquma ukundiza ngaphambili. Ukuhlasela umsakazo nabangane, wathatha isifundo entshonalanga. I-3RD Army Army General Gromova kwakuyinto yokugcina yendlela yayo.
Esifundeni saseMoscow Monina Fedorovov safika nge-Refuel. Wayenenhlanhla: E-Airfield, bebengazi ngokudunwa "ngokudunwa" futhi, ngokufaka amandla ngaphandle kwezinkinga, u-Ivan wandizela ngaseKalinin. Njengoba sengithole indawo enkulu yezindiza ngento yomyalo, yafika lapho ifika. UBukhulu, uMikhail Gromov wakhe wabalekela endizeni, kwathi uMikhail Gromov ngokwakhe wadedelwa eCadillac uqobo, wamyisa emuva ngo-1937 nguMongameli Roosevelt nge-Moscow engawina iMosse - eCalifornia ngokusebenzisa iNorth Pole. "Umlingani Jikelele! Umshayeli wePilot Major Fedorov ufike kuwe endimeni yemikhuba yangaphambili! " - Kubikwa u-Ivan. Ngaleso sikhathi, isikhulu sezobunhloli esinezitha yena-111 sabonwa ngenhla kwendawo yezindiza. Ngemuva kokuthola imvume yokuthola "izindiza ezintsha ezimeni zokulwa", Fedorov wahamba wayothatha. Impi yayifushane. Phambi kwawo wonke umuntu wahlasela washaya isiJalimane. Ukuduma kuhalalisele okukhulu: "Sizocabanga ukuthi umkhuba wakho wangaphambili usuqalile."
Ngo-Agasti 1942, njengengxenye ye-3RD Air Army, eyayilwa eKalininsky ngaphambili, yakhiwa ubukhosi babashayeli bezindiza. Kulesi sinyathelo esingakaze abonwe, umyalo wangaphambili waya ukuze unqamula ukubuswa emoyeni we-airman yaseJalimane. Lapha iqembu laseJalimane Asov lisebenza, izimoto zazo zapendwe ngokudlala amakhadi abo bonke amakhosi, lapho abashayeli bezindiza bebabiza khona ngokuthi "amakhadi". Ukulahleka kwe-Soviet Aviation kwakuphatheke ngendlela ebonakalayo kubo. Umkhuzi we-3RD Air Army General Gromov uphakamise i-Marshal Konv ukudala iqembu elikhethekile kubashayeli bezindiza abanolwazi abasongele i-Plantrety Battalion ezifundazweni ezahlukahlukene nokuthi noma yiziphi izindleko "kuzodingeka ukuba baqede amabutho ethu kusuka kumabhomu.
UGromov wayekwazi konke ukuphelela kokuphelela okuthathiwe. Maphakathi no-Agasti, abashayeli bezindiza baqala ukufika endaweni yaseBasharovo Airfield, yathunyelwa emithethweni yakhe. " Sebebonke, abantu abangu-64 bathola icala, futhi kwavela umbuzo osemthethweni - ubani ozobayala? I-ASSA Andrei Borovykhh engcono kakhulu, vasily zaitsev kanye ne-anatoly onufrienki (ngemuva kwalokho amaqhawe eSoviet Union) anqabile. Lapha i-Fedorov ihanjiswe ngesandla, ngokwakhe yaveza isifiso sokuyihlobisa indoda yenhlawulo. Inhlangano ka-Ivan Evgrafovich yanikezwa amasonto amabili. Leli qembu lithole abalindi abasha be-Yak-1 kanye ne-YAK-7 futhi babamba iqhaza ezimpini.
Ukulwa okokuqala emoyeni kwabonisa ukuthi uFedorov waphuthuma ukuyongena empini. Izixhumanisi zilwa zihlukaniswe, iSvabno, yize zinikeza amabhomu ezitha ahloniphekile. Umkhuzi kwadingeka ngisho nokudonsa amasondo amaJalimane we-chassis nomhlaba eparachute. Kancane kancane, imihlambi ibibonga i-Fedorov ithole ukuvumelana nezenzo zabo futhi yaqala ukulwela okuhle nokuqina kwamabutho ahunyushelwe ekuqinisweni, kanye nama-Arty Army, i-borovy, i-Onufrieko, eBaranov.
Ngandlela thile, ukubuya kubuhlakani obuhlobo, ngabezimbali, kanye ne-BOROV eqhutshwa u-Andrei, kungazelelwe bathola iqembu elikhulu lemihle lika-109 emgqeni ongaphambili. Ukubona ama-fuselace agayayo, aqondwa - amakhadi "alindelwe isikhathi eside. Naphezu kokulahlekelwa ngamabomu amabutho (amabili abhekene neshumi nane), izindiza zethu zempi eziphikisayo. Ukungena ebunzini futhi kuyaqhekeka eqenjini laseJalimane ngesigamu, kwamhlaba umxhwele isitha empini ye-shale. I- "Yak" Fedorova yashaywa, futhi wethule isitha ekudidekeni, walingisa ukuwa okungcolile kwendiza. Enye yezinto "zomculi" onesibalo sodrako ekufundeni okusondela kakhulu futhi, hhayi okulimazayo, kwathola ithuba lokugxila emhlabathini. Isiphetho esifanayo sathola umlingani wakhe nge-Worm ace ekhaleni. UBorovoye, okwamanje, wafaka "intokazi ephakeme." Amakhadi "asindile ashaya indiza. Esimweni sesehlakalo seJalimane ANECE, iqembu le-Commandantanta lavakashela futhi laletha amadokhumenti alo endlunkulu kanye nemiklomelo yomuntu siqu - ama-Knightly awela. UFedorov Pilota wethule uMauser, i-tube ne-kortk "umkhuzi weRed Dragon" we-Colonel Ground Background Background Background Berce Berg.
Bengingakhohlwanga ngeqhawe lethu eMoscow ebewe ngaphambili. NgoSepthemba, umkhandlu wamasosha wamabutho ahlomile eRiphabhulikhi yaseKazakhstan etholwe yiDedutosy ye-Gorky: "Ngiyakucela ukuthi ubuyise umshayeli we-Fedorova I. E. ukuyisebenzisa njengomshayeli we-test." Ukuduma kwaphendulwa mathupha umqondisi wenombolo yesitshalo 21: "Ukuhlolwa komshayeli wendiza kwesitshalo sakho main fedorov ngemvume ye-commissar yabantu embonini yezindiza ze-Tov. UShahurina uhunyushwe okwesikhashana ukwenza ezentengiso ezikhethekile ekusebenzeni kokulwa ezindisweni ze-kalininsky ngaphambili. " Ukungqubuzana kwaphela.
Kungakapheli izinyanga ezimbili, iqembu "lenhlawulo" lisebenze ngempumelelo ngaphambili: bangabaza izinsimbi zokuqhuma kwamabhomu ezitha, bahambisane namabhomu ethu kanye nokuhlasela izindiza, amabutho omhlaba amboze umoya ovela emoyeni. Abashayeli bezindiza abahluphekile babuyiselwa emashalofini abo bendabuko, futhi kancane kancane i-Compound of Fedorov "Encibilike". Umgogodla osele we-General Green Gromov enhle kakhulu unqume ukuguqula abe yinhlangano ye-ASOV futhi nge-Ivan Evgrafovich ekhanda. Okwesikhashana, iFedorov yandiza kanye nabalingani bayo, yabe seyimiswe njengomphathi wethrafikhi yomoya engama-256.
Umkhuzi wenhlawulo, uFedorov wangqongqoza phansi 15 futhi washaya indiza engu-3 fascist, futhi naphezu kwalezi zinto, akazange ethulwe kulo mklomelo. Ngaleli qiniso, ngoJanuwari 1944 wakhumbula umkhuzi we-6th Fighter Aviakorpus Colonel yabaqashi, esayina isici sokulwa nokuhlinzekwa kwe-Ivan evugufufovich esihlokweni seqhawe seSoviet Union. Kepha futhi icala langenela. Isethulo samiswa.
Kuze kube sekupheleni kwempi, u-Ivan Evgrafovich ubesesimweni sePhini lika-269 Red Banner Diart Colonel Dodonov. Abaningi bandiza. Walwa ezindizeni zemikhiqizo eminingi. Akunandaba ukuthi empeleni, phakathi nempi, wanikezwa ama-oda amabili kuphela: Impi emibili yasekhaya yama-degrees 1 no-2 no-Alexander Nevsky.
Kakade ngo-1945 wethulwa ngokuqeqeshwa kwabashayeli bezindiza ekwandiseni kokulwa komoya emyalweni wesibhengezo esibomvu, kodwa ngenxa yesizathu esithile lo mvuzo awuzange ufike iqhawe lakhe. Isizathu sokungamukelekayo, okungenzeka, kufanele sifunwe ebudlelwaneni buka-Ivan Evgrafovich ngegunya eliphakeme, elingelikhulu kakhulu. Ingandiza iye emsebenzini wokulwa, naphezu kokuvinjelwa kwe-Commander of the Corps, kungabandakanyeka empini ye- "enobungozi". "Ngidilizele kaninginingi, ngiphucwe, ngikhishwe, ngibubula ngaboshwa. Babheka i-hooligan - emoyeni nasemhlabeni. Kepha, mbonge uNkulunkulu, amaphiko akwaphucwa, "wakhumbula leli qhawe.
Lapho nje impi iphela, uFedorov wabuyela eKB Lavochkina. Emhlabeni wendiza, inkathi yezindiza ezinamandla angena amalungelo abo. Isivinini sendiza sikhula njalo, futhi ngokushesha futhi ososayensi bahlangane nento enjalo njengesithiyo somsindo. Ngo-December 1948, i-Fedorov, ngebhangqa elinomshayeli we-sokolovsky, waqala wavunguza izithiyo zomsindo. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, kwavela ukuthi abahlinzeki ezithombeni ze-jet kaLavochkina baphule amarekhodi amathathu omhlaba.
Lapho umklami oyinhloko wabizelwa eStalin. USemwon Aleksevich wazithathela yena noFedorova, njengoba ayekwazi ukuthi umholi angaba nemibuzo ngokuziphatha kwempi engenhla emoyeni. Kwethulwa uStalin nemibhalo ku-LA - 176, i-Lovechkin yaletha umshayeli wayo: "Lo, uJoseph Vissarionovich, umpheki wethu. Walwa, evivinya izindiza zethu zejet. " Umbuzo - ufunwa yiphi? "Umqambi waphendula:" Kumshayeli wendiza abe yiqhawe. " Kathathu, banguMol, bacabanga konke ngaphandle komphumela. Umholi wathembisa ukuthola.
Ngakho-ke, ngoMashi 1948, "nendlela yesithathu", bese ngenxa yesicelo se-Lovochkina, u-Ivan Evgrafovich uthole inkanyezi yeqhawe leSoviet Union. Indlela yakhe yokulwa neFedorov yaqedwa esibhakabhakeni saseKorea. Ukundiza nge-manenere futhi esheshayo MiG-15, wathumela izindiza ezingama-7 zaseMelika zaseMelika naseNingizimu Korea emhlabeni.
Ngokuka-A. Maltsev