Ngo-2020, uKazakhstanis wathenga amalitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-1,11.2 amalitha ayinkulungwane e-cognac nsuku zonke, ukudluliselwa ku-inBusiness.kz.
Kusukela ngo-2010, eKazakhstan, ukwehla kwesidingo se-vodka kwaphawulwa. Ngo-2013, amalitha ayizigidi ezingama-73.3 alesi siphuzo sotshwala athengiswa emakethe yasekhaya. Ngo-2019 - amalitha ayizigidi ezingaphezu kuka-32.2. Ngakho-ke, eminyakeni eyi-6 nje, isidingo se-vodka eRiphabhulikhi siwele izikhathi ezingama-2.3. Lo mkhuba wawucacile: Kusukela ngoNovemba 2018 kuya ku-Mashi 2018 520, okubandakanya ukufunwa kwe-vodka njalo ngenyanga kwakuphansi kunonyaka owedlule.
Kepha isibalo saqala ukukhula. UKazakhstanis waqala ukusebenzisa i-vodka hhayi kuphela ukukhanyisa ngokweqile, kodwa futhi nokwenziwa kwama-antiseptics. Ngenxa yalokhu: engxenyeni yokuqala yonyaka, kwathengiswa amalitha ayi-16.1 million, okuyileveli engu-1 yezigidi zangesikhathi esifanayo sika-2019. Futhi engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka, ukufunwa kwaqhubeka nokukhula. Ngenxa yezinyanga eziyi-12, kwathengiswa amalitha angama-40,6 wezigidi eRiphabhulikhi:
- Lokhu kungu-8.4 million amalitha, noma ama-26%, ngaphezu konyaka ekuqaleni.
- Ngokwesilinganiso, ngosuku, uKazakhstanis uthenge ngo-111.2 amalitha ayizinkulungwane.
- NgoDisemba, kwathengiswa amalitha ayi-486 ezigidi - inkomba ephezulu kusukela ngo-Agasti 2018.
Ukwanelisa isidingo esandayo, abakhiqizi bekufanele bandise ukukhiqizwa. Amafektri asekhaya, ngokuya ngemininingwane esemthethweni, akhishwe amalitha ayizigidi ezingama-30,8 - lokhu kungu-27.2% ngaphezulu kwezinga le-2019. Ukungenisa nokungenisa ngaphakathi - kusuka ezigidini eziyi-8 kuye kwezigidi eziyi-9,8. Ngakho-ke, abakhiqizi beKazakhstan bahlinzeka ngo-75,9% wazo zonke izimfuno zasekhaya. Kuliqiniso, bekungekho lutho oluzothumela khona ukuthumela ngaphandle: kuphela amalitha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-13.1 kuphela aphumeleli amalitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-20,2 ngonyaka we-2019.
Isidingo se-cognac sawela ntambama
I-vodka akuyona ukuphela kokuphuza okunamandla, okuthengiswayo okukhule ngo-2020. Ukuqaliswa kwe-brandy emakethe yasekhaya kukhuphuke ngo-5.3%, okufika kwabangu-14,9 million amalitha - lokhu kungaphezulu kwamalitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-40 ngosuku. Kulaba, kwathengiswa amalitha angaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-2,6 ngoJuni: ngakho-ke uKazakhstanis waphawula ukususwa kwedwa. Ukuze uqhathanise: Ngo-December 2020, ngaphambi konyaka omusha, ukuthengiswa kwe-brandy kufinyelele kumalitha ayizigidi eziyi-1,33, ngoDisemba 2019 - amalitha ayizigidi eziyi-1.5.
Futhi ngokuvamile, ukuthengiswa okuyinhloko kwawela engxenyeni yokuqala yonyaka: Ekupheleni kukaJanuwari-Juni, ukukhula kokuqalisa kwakungama-85% maqondana nezinga le-2015. Ingxenye yesibili yonyaka, ngokuphambene, yaphenduka yehluleka: ukufunwa kwaphansi kakhulu kunangonyaka owedlule.
Abakhiqizi basekhaya nabangenisi babelana ngemakethe cishe ngokulinganayo, futhi ibhalansi yamandla isiguqukile kakhulu. Amafektri wasekhaya achithekile amalitha ayizigidi eziyi-10,6, okungu-9.7% ngaphansi kweleveli ka-2019. Ivolumu yokungenisa okungenisa ngaphakathi ifinyelela kumalitha ayizigidi ezingama-8.5, ukukhuphuka kwezikhathi ezi-3.3 ngonyaka. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ingxenye ebalulekile yemikhiqizo yathunyelwa kwamanye amazwe: Izimali eziyizigidi eziyi-4,2 ze-brandy zithengiswe phesheya, ezikhathini ezingama-22.2 (!) Ngaphezu kuka-2019.
Ukuthengisa ubhiya kukhula iminyaka emihlanu kulandelana
Ukukhula kokuthengiswa kukabhiya kwavela ukuthi kungaphansi kwe-brandy: inani lemikhiqizo elithengisiwe likhuphuke nge-3.6% kuphela. Kepha lokhu kungumphumela omuhle:
- Ukukhula kuyaqhubeka iminyaka emi-5 kulandelana.
- Uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka ka-2019, ukuthengisa kwakhula ngamalitha ayizigidi ezingama-35,6.
- Ukuthengisa okujwayelekile kwansuku zonke kwedlula amalitha ama-2 million.
Ngasikhathi sinye, uma ngokuthengisa kwe-vodka kanye ne-brandy, ukuhlukaniswa kwedwa kuthonywe kahle, khona-ke ngobhiya isimo sangemuva. Ukuvalwa kwe-cafe (kufaka phakathi ihlobo) kuholele eqinisweni lokuthi ngo-Ephreli kwathengiswa ngemikhiqizo ecishe ibe ngu-20% kunonyaka ngaphambili, ukwehla kwabikwa futhi ekuthengisweni okuphelele kwezinyanga ezi-4. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokususwa kwezinyathelo ezibucayi ezinqunyiwe, isimo saqala ukubuyela kancane kancane.
Abakhiqizi basekhaya bawine ukukhula kwesidingo: Ukukhiqiza kukhuphuke ngo-4,4%, okufika kwabangu-693 million amalitha - cishe ama-90% azo zonke izidingo. Ezinye izigidi ezingama-62,7 (ezincishisiwe ze-0.5% ngonyaka ka-2019) zinikeze abakhiqizi bakwamanye amazwe. Okwakungathengiswa ngaphakathi kweRiphabhulikhi eya phesheya: Ukuthekelisa ekupheleni konyaka kufinyelela kumalitha ayizigidi eziyi-15,1 ngokunyuka kwama-24,8% ka-2019.
AbakwaKazakhstan wineMakers balahlekelwe yingxenye yemakethe
Imvamisa, umthamo wokuthengisa wewayini uphakeme izikhathi eziyi-1.5-2,5 ukuphakama kunalokho kwe-brandy, kodwa ngoJuni, ngokwesibonelo, isimo sasibuyela emuva: ilitha le-brandy lithengisiwe lalingama-800 amagremu ewayini. Ngasikhathi sinye, engxenyeni yokuqala yonyaka, kwathengiswa amalitha ayizigidi eziyi-15,3 ewayini, okwakuyinani elincane leminyaka emithathu. Ibuyiselwe ngokuphelele futhi ngokwengxenye yesibili yonyaka. Ngo-2020, uKazakhstanis wathenga amalitha ayizigidi ezingama-30.1 - kuncane (ngamalitha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-10,3), kodwa namanje ngaphansi konyaka we-2019. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukwehla kwesidingo kugujwa unyaka wesibili kulandelana.
Cishe i-60% yazo zonke izidingo zasekhaya zihlinzeka abakhiqizi basekhaya. Ngo-2020, bachitha ingqikithi yamalitha ayizigidi eziyi-19,8, okungu-3.4% ngaphansi kwezinga lonyaka owedlule. Ama-Volumes alahlekile "aqediwe" angeniswa - amalitha ayizigidi eziyi-10.4 ngokwanda ngo-7%.
U-Alexey Nikororov
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