I-US Rover yafika kuMars. Okudingayo ukwazi ngalo msebenzi

I-NASA's US Space Agency February 18 ngo-23.55 isikhathi saseMoscow satshalwa kuma-Mars esifundeni saseCrater Ezero River Ukuphikelela (IsiNgisi - Ukuphakanyiswa "). Umsebenzi oyinhloko weRover, osevele uthumele izithombe zokuqala zeplanethi ku-Twitter, kuzoba ukufuna ukulandelwa kwempilo.

Ukuthunywa

Umsebenzi ophambili weMars 2020 Mission (Mars 2020 Rover Mission), owayemenyezelwe emuva ngo-2012, uzoseshwa ngokulandela impilo emhlabeni. I-rover izoqoqa amasampula amatshe nenhlabathi, bese uyifaka ezitsheni ezincane ngaphezulu kweMars. Kucatshangwa ukuthi iRover izosebenza emhlabeni wePlanethi engu-687 yosuku lwasemhlabeni. Emhlabathini, futhi amasampula azoletha umsebenzi ohlanganyelwe we-European Space Agency (ESA) kanye ne-NASA (Mars Sampula Return Return) ehlelelwe u-2026-2031.

Ngaphezu kokufuna izimpawu zempilo yasendulo ye-microbial kanye nezimali zesampula, i-mission kumele iqoqe idatha engaba wusizo ezindizeni zesikhathi esizayo kuMars - kufaka phakathi ukubonwa. Ukuphakanyiswa kobuchwepheshe obuzofika buzofika ezinhlakeni eziphathwayo ze-spacecraft. Phakathi kwazo kungubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokufika okunembile, indlela yokukhiqiza umoya-mpilo kusuka kwikhabhoni, uhlelo lokususa uthuli nokungcola emkhathini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ososayensi abasebenzisa iRover bazobheka amanzi angenasisekelo, funda isimo sezulu, inhlabathi nezinye izici zomhlaba, ezingathinta ikusasa lehla kanye nomsebenzi womuntu kuMars.

I-Atlas-5 Rocket ngokukhuthazela kanye ne-helikopta inonity (Eng. - "Ukuqamba") ebhodini eliqalile kusuka ku-41 Start Complex ye-COSMODROME eCape 5, 2020. Izinyanga eziyisithupha, i-spacecraft yandiza cishe ngo-500 Million Km.

Ukuphikelela yi-spacecraft yesithathu eyafika eMars ngenyanga edlule. Ngokufana, i-American Mission of Robots yakhe yaqala i-UAE neChina.

Sawubona Mhlaba. Ukubuka kwami ​​kokuqala ekhaya lami laphakade. #Countytomars. pic.twitter.com/dkm9je9i6x

- Ukuphikelela kukaNasa Mars Rover (@nasaperseree) NgoFebhuwari 18, 2021

Uvusa umoya omuhle

Ukuphikelela kuyinto enkulu futhi ephelele kakhulu ye-NASA. Kususelwa kakhulu ku-rover ephumelelayo yelukuluku futhi wagcina ingxenye yezixazululo zobuchwepheshe ezandulelayo. Ukuphikelela marmeme kusayizi kuqhathaniswa nemoto: cishe amamitha amathathu ubude, amamitha ayi-2.7 ububanzi namamitha ayi-2.2 ukuphakama. Ngesisindo sika-1025 kg wokuphikelela cishe ngelukuluku le-126 kg.

I-Rover ifakwe amathuluzi ayisikhombisa wokucwaninga nokuhlola ubuchwepheshe obusha kwiplanethi ebomvu.

• I-MastCam-Z uhlelo lwamakamelo anethuba lokuphana kanye nesithombe se-stereoscopic ngethuba lokukala. Inqubo izosetshenziswa nasekufundweni kwamaminerali ngaphezulu kweMars.
• I-Supercam iyithuluzi elikuvumela ukuthi uthole izithombe, ukuhlaziywa kokwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye nama-mineroGy kude.
• I-Pixl - i-X-ray Fluorescent Spectrometer ekwazi ukwakha izithombe eziphezulu zokuthola imephu yokuqala ye-Mars.Pixl Surface impahla yenza kube nokwenzeka ukuthola imininingwane eminingi.
• ISherloc iyinhlangano ebonakalayo esebenzisa i-ultraviolet (UV) laser yemephu minerogical and organic compounds.
• I-Moxie isampula yokuhlola yedivayisi ezokhiqiza umoya-mpilo kusuka ku-carbon dioxide yesimo saseMartian. Uma kwenzeka kuphumelela, ubuchwepheshe be-Moxie bungasetshenziswa ama-Astronauts wesikhathi esizayo kuma-Mars ukubuyela emhlabeni.
• IMeda - iqoqo lezinzwa ezizokala izinga lokushisa, ijubane kanye nokuqondisa komoya, ingcindezi, umswakama ohlobene, usayizi kanye nokwakheka kothuli.
• I-Rimfax - ingena ebusweni be-radar ukutadisha ukwakheka kwendawo yeplanethi.

Ngomsebenzi wethuluzi ngalinye nocwaningo oluzokwenziwa yi-rover ngalo nosizo lwazo, iqembu lososayensi elivela emanyuvesi ase-United States, eFrance, eSpain naseNorway linesibopho.

Phikelela ebusweni beMars (Ukwakhiwa kabusha kabusha) Umfanekiso: I-NASA

Igama le-rover, njengengxenye yomncintiswano okhethekile, linikeze i-American School Alexander Materia. Imincintiswano enjalo isiphenduke isiko leNASA. Isibonelo, amagama ama-marschode somoya namathuba anikeza uSophie Kolliz oneminyaka engu-9, ezalwe eSiberia nomndeni waseMelika abavela e-Arizona.

Indiza enophemekhali

I-Vilitopter ye-Ingenuty yathunyelwa eMars ngeRover ukukhombisa ukundiza kwezinto ezi-rolling esimweni seMars. Ubuningi bayo bungama-1% obukhulu bomkhathi womhlaba. I-Drone inamathiselwe kwi-rover futhi ingaphansi kwesivalo esivikelayo. Ngakho-ke ngeke ahlupheke ngesikhathi sokufika.

Abaphenyi bazolawula indiza enophephela emhlane ngokusebenzisa i-satellite repeater kanye nesiteshi esiyisisekelo se-Helikopta Base Station kuMcibiyeli. Kuze kube manje, i-Dron ayihlukaniswanga ngokukhuthazela, izokhokhiswa ohlelweni lokuhlinzekelwa kwamandla weRover Power olufakwe iRadioISSotope thermoelectric generator nge plutonium. Ngemuva kwalokho, izoqala ukwenza ukudla ngamaphaneli elanga.

Ukuthi cababa emhlabeni

Ukuphikelela kwafakwa kumakhilomitha angama-70 ebanzi, atholakala eNyakatho Nenkabazwe yeMars. Ngandlela thile eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezi-3.5 edlule, umfula wangena echibini. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi ama-molecule aphilayo nezinye izimpawu ezingaba khona zempilo ye-microbial zingagcinwa e-delta yasendulo yomfula.

Ngaphambi kokukhuthazela ukunyakaza kusindile "imizuzu eyisikhombisa yesabekayo" - isikhathi sokuguqulwa kusuka ezingxenyeni ezingenhla zomoya ziye ebusweni beplanethi ebomvu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, waphonsa isivinini nge-cosmic yesibili (ye-Mars It cishe ama-20,000 km / h) kwijubane labahamba ngezinyawo. Ekuqaleni, idivaysi yavula ipharashute, khona-ke ukuqothuka kuhlukaniswe okuvikela ekulweni okuphezulu. Esondela ebusweni, imodyuli yokufika yehle yehlise izinjini, bese yehlisa i-rover kwizintambo.

Ngemuva kokufika, i-rover ithumele ozimele bokuqala abavela kuma-mars, amaNasa ashicilelwe ku-Twitter. Ividiyo evela eChamber yeMarshode izoshicilelwa ngoFebhuwari 22. Ngemuva kwelinye isonto, abacwaningi bazokhombisa ozimele benqubo yonke yokutshala esixazululweni esiphezulu.

I-Rover Landing ebusweni beMars (Ukwakhiwa kabusha)