Lolu cwaningo lufake izilimo eziyi-12 - ukolweni lwentwasahlobo, ibhali lasentwasahlobo, i-oats, i-sunflower, ummbila, ukudlwengulwa kwentwasahlobo, i-soy, irayisi, irayisi, irayisi, i-pures namazambane. Umdwebo 1 ukhombisa ukwakheka okuningiliziwe kwezindawo ezihlwanyelwe ngaphansi kwamasiko entwasahlobo aphenywayo.
Fig. 1. Ukuhlwanyela isikwele samasiko we-yarovy 2018-2020, amahektha ayinkulungwane (ngokusho kukaRosstat)
Ngo-2020, indawo ehlwanyelwe ngaphansi kwalezi zimiso kwakungamahektha ayizigidi ezingama-41.8. Ingxenye ebalulekile - ama-68% wendawo ehlwanyelwe yonke indawo ehlala amasiko akhona ukolweni wentwasahlobo, i-sunflower kanye nebhali lentwasahlobo. Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi ngo-2020 kwaba nokuncipha okuncane esikhaleni esihlwanyelayo ngo-1.5% uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka odlule, ukwehla okukhulu kwaphawulwa kushukela we-beet - 19%.
Izifunda eziphambili zokutshala izilimo zasentwasahlobo zisentshonalanga yeSiberia, uRali, Volga, e-Central Black Earth naseNyakatho yeCaucasus Federal, lapho i-82% yendawo igxiliwe (i-FIG. 2).
Fig. 2 Isakhiwo sezilimo zasentwasahlobo ezifundeni zezezimali ngo-2020,%.
Izici zemakethe yeTribaters
Ukuhlaziywa kwalolu cwaningo kuveze ukuthi njalo ngonyaka kunokwehla kwesabelo sezidakamizwa ze-fungicidal zivunywa yi-insecticididal nge-2% ye-2% ye-2% ye-2% ye-2% yakudala. Enkulumweni ebonakalayo, i-SDA 71% yazo zonke izindlela zokwelapha iwela kubavikeli be-fungicidal, 17% - I-insecticidal, ama-inoculants we-fungicidal angu-4% (umkhiwane we-inceptive (umkhiwane okhule ngenxa yokutshala ama-soya.
Fig. 3. Isakhiwo sezivalekeni ngohlobo ngo-2020,%.
Ngokuyisisekelo, ababambiqhaza bemakethe bakhetha ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ekusetshenzisweni kwangaphambi kokutshala kwezinto ezibonakalayo zamasiko entwasahlobo ezinkampani ezinjengo- "Schelkovo Agrocheim", "Agast", "Bayer", I-78% yemali ephelele. Lo mkhuba ugcinwe unyaka wesibili.
Ngokuvamile, imakethe yezinto ezisetshenziswayo zembewu yamasiko entwasahlobo ngaphansi kwesivuno sika-2020 yalinganiselwa kuma-ruble ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-11.45, kwawo ama-33% abhalwe ukolweni wentwasahlobo.
U-Elena Furman, uMnyango wePanel Research Cheaffmann Amaqembu (Kinetics)