Ngamunye wethu kukhona ukwehluleka - ukwehluleka kwinhlolokhono noma ukuhlolwa kweziqu, ukwenqaba ukuvuma eyunivesithi owawuphupha ngawo. Siyayithanda noma cha, kepha ukwehluleka kuyingxenye yempilo ebalulekile. Futhi kwesinye isikhathi bacabanga ukuthi ekugcineni, ukunqoba izingqinamba kuzokwenza ukunambitheka kwempumelelo yesikhathi esizayo kube mnandi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, isifundo esisha sikufakazela ukubabaza. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukwehluleka kokuqala kungaholela ekubumbeni ubumnandi obekuyobe ulethe impumelelo.
Ukusabela kwabantu ebunzimeni buthinta kakhulu izixazululo nezimpumelelo zabo. Olunye ucwaningo lubonise ukuthi okulindelwe okwenzeka eHedonic kudlala indima enkulu: "Njengoba ngijabule, ngifinyelela le nhloso?" Esifundweni esisha, besifuna ukuqonda ukuthi lokho bekulindele okunjalo kuguquka kanjani uma kwehluleka. Ngabe abantu bangabikezela injabulo yabo?
Izaga ezinjengokuthi "kahle lapho singekho" noma "utshani ongumakhelwane luhlala lunamafutha" luphakamisa ukuthi abantu basebenzise iningi lesikhathi sabo ekucabangeni ngalokho abangenakho. Ukumaketha kusebenzisa lokhu kuthambekela: izinkampani zenza imikhiqizo entweni engatholakali kancane ukudala umuzwa wokushoda futhi wandise ukuthandwa kwawo. Ngokusho kwalesi sithombe, kunzima kakhulu ukuthola okuthile, kuphakanyisiwe. Kodwa ingabe le yimodeli enhle yombono wokwehluleka kubantu abajwayelekile?
Uma ukhumbula ukuthandwa yi-Ezopa "Fox kanye namagilebhisi", ukwehluleka kuvame ukukhiqiza umphumela ophambene ngqo - sikholisa ukuba siyeke uhlelo lwangaphambilini. EBasna, impungushe idonsela inqwaba yamagilebhisi alengiswa emvinini. Kepha, yize uLisa egxuma kuwo wonke amakhono akhe, akakwazi ukufinyelela amagilebhisi, futhi ngokushesha aqonde ukuthi isixha se-aleng siphezulu kakhulu ngaphezulu komhlaba. Ngakho-ke, i-FOX yenqaba uhlelo lokukhipha amagilebhisi namaqabunga, lathi i-berry isasebenza. Uma ukholelwa i-bass, ukwehluleka kokuqala kwenza impumelelo yesikhathi esizayo ibe nzima.
Iqembu lethu labaphenyi banqume ukubheka lo mcabango futhi benze uchungechunge lokuhlolwa eNorway nase-United States ukunquma ukuthi abantu basabela kanjani ekwahlulekeni. Cishe bangu-1,200 abantu ababambe iqhaza ocwaningweni, ehlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili ngezikhathi ezithile. Isigamu sesampula sathi kwesinye isikhathi esibi kakhulu ngo-20% ngokwemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwengqondo, nenye ingxenye - lokho phakathi kwama-20% amahle kakhulu. Ngemuva kwalokho bacelwa ukuba babikezele ukuthi bazozizwa kanjani uma bebephakathi kuka-10% odlula ku-Test. Ababambiqhaza balinganise ubumnandi obulinganiselwe esikalini kusuka ku-zero kuya ku-10, kucatshangelwa inani lentokozo, ukubonga nokuziqhenya, okuzobhekana nakho ngemuva kokuthola umphumela omkhulu.
Uma "utshani obuvela kumakhelwane buhlala luhlaza", abantu abathole ukubukeza okubi kwemiphumela balindele ukwaneliseka okwengeziwe empumelelweni yesikhathi esizayo kunalabo abathola impendulo enhle kusukela ekuqaleni. Kepha uma ababambiqhaza besabela kuLisa Ezop, okulindelwe kuyo kuyokwehlisa, futhi bazozama ukuzanelisa ngokwabo.
Imiphumela ikhombisile ukuthi ukwehluleka kokuqala kwenza impumelelo yesikhathi esizayo ithandeke kangako. Ikakhulu, labo abathola impendulo embi esivivinyweni banquma ukuthi ngeke bajabule kakhulu, bayabonga futhi bayaziqhenya ngokumaka okuphezulu, njengalabo abathola impendulo ephakeme kusukela ekuqaleni. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lapho sesithole amaphuzu aphezulu kakhulu ekuhlolweni kwangempela, babejabule njengalabo abathola amaphuzu aphezulu okuqala, futhi bejabule kakhulu, bajabule kakhulu kunalokho obekubikezelwe. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi ukwehluleka kokuqala kwaholela ekubuthweni kobuntwana bokuthi kungaba kuhle kanjani ukuphumelela esikhathini esizayo.
Ugqugquzelwe yi-Ezopom, sabiza lesi simo "umphumela wamagilebhisi omuncu": Lokhu ukuthambekela okuhlelekile kokuhambisa inani lezinhloso ezingenakufinyeleleka kanye nomholo.
Kodwa-ke, umbuzo uphakama ukuthi kungani ukwehluleka kusenze siqondakale njengencazelo yenjabulo yesikhathi esizayo. Ngokusho komqondo "wokuncamelayo okuguqukayo", uprofesa weColumbia University uJohn Elster, abantu abazi njalo abakufunayo, futhi bavame ukulungisa izifiso zabo ngokuya ngemali ebangeni. Lokho wukuthi, izintandokazi zabantu kwesinye isikhathi zincike kumathuba, hhayi kusuka ekahle. Leli phuzu lokubukwa lihambisana nethiyori yokungahloniphi ingqondo kwe-psychology, ephakamisa ukuthi abantu bafuna ukuzibuka okuhle nokungahambelani. Lapho umphumela ungahambelani nomqondo wabo uqobo, basabela ekunciphiseni kwenhloso, futhi bangaze bazehlise. Ngamanye amagama, enye indlela yokuvikela ukuzimela kwayo okuhle ekwehlulekeni komuntu siqu ukwenqaba ukubaluleka okungokomzwelo kwamampumelelo wesikhathi esizayo ukuze kugweme lokhu "ukudideka".
Imiphumela yethu iqinisekisa okunengqondo ngakho-ke umphumela wamagilebhisi omuncu owenzeka ukuze uzivikele. Ababambiqhaza abathole ukubuyekezwa okumubi, bangagcini ngokubikezela ukwehla kwenjabulo ngemuva kwekusasa lemiphumela ephezulu, baphinde baveza ukuthi amakhono abo okuqonda awahlobene nobuntu bawo kanye nempumelelo yesikhathi esizayo ngesikhathi sangempela Hlola. Futhi iqiniso lokuthi ngemuva kokuthola umphumela wokugcina, base bejabule kakhulu, baphakamisa ukuthi ekujuleni komphefumlo, kusukela ekuqaleni bakubona ukubaluleka kokuhlolwa.
Umphumela wamagilebhisi we-acid uphakamisa lezi zindaba ngalokho esikufunayo ezimpilweni esizitshela zona zingakhawulelwa kulokho esingakuthola ngempela. Imvamisa, empeleni asazi ukuthi yini noma malini esifuna ukuyifinyelela. Ucwaningo olwenziwe abanye ababhali bathola imiphumela efanayo kwizimo zokuqomisana nasesikhaleni sezepolitiki. Baphinde baphakamise ukuthi izintandokazi zethu zamanje zincike emazwini okuthola umgomo. Uma uyicabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ingenze okuthile okuhle emhlabeni wonke noma ithole umsebenzi wakho wamaphupho, uzobukela phansi ukuthi muhle kanjani ukuyifinyelela ngokoqobo. Ngenxa yalokho, le ndia ivimbela ukunikelwa ngokuphelele emsebenzini.
Kepha ukususwa kwezinhloso zomuntu siqu nakho kungaba isu eliwusizo uma kusiza umuntu ukuba ashintshe izinhloso ezingenakwenzeka ukuze zifinyeleleke kalula. Njengoba izazi zezomnotho zithi, "Ezinye izindleko" noma amanye amathuba kufanele abhekwe. Kodwa-ke, uma umphumela wamagilebhisi we-acid ubonakalisa kusenesikhathi futhi abantu baqala ukwesaba ukwehluleka, bangaphuthelwa ithuba lokuzama futhi baqonde: iqiniso elalibonakala lingenakwenzeka, manje.