Esikhathini esedlule, izindikimba ezincane zasezulwini, zisebenzisa ilanga ngokujikeleza okugcwele futhi kwesinye isikhathi kwakheka umsila wegesi nothuli, kwakubhekwa njenge-omen embi. AmaGrikhi Asendulo, ngokwesibonelo, avezwa ama-Comets ngendlela yamakhanda ahlukaniswe ngezinwele ezibunjiwe, futhi ahumushelwa igama lesiGreki elithi "comet" lisho "inkanyezi enoboya". Kepha akufanele umangale ngesimo esifanayo sokhokho bethu kulawa maWenders asezulwini - isikhathi esiningi abantu ababona esibhakabhakeni sasebusuku isibhakabhaka senyanga yenyanga, izinkanyezi namaplanethi, kepha izinto ezinyakazayo zababukeli ziyesaba. Njengoba umlando wohlobo lwethu uhlotshaniswa nemicimbi ebuhlungu njengezimpi kanye nobhubhane, ukubukeka ngakunye kuhambisana nobubi obungenakugwenywa. Kukholakala ukuthi i-comet ekhanyayo, izivivinyo ezinzima kakhulu athembisa ubuntu. Kepha izikhathi sezishintshile futhi namuhla zijabulela ukundiza okwedlule ngaphandle kokwesaba nenjabulo. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ngoJanuwari 2021, izazi zezinkanyezi zithola i-comet entsha ekhanyayo ebizwa ngokuthi yi-C / 2021 A1 (Leonard), engabonwa ngokubukeka okungahlanzekile ngoDisemba.
Izakhamizi zohlelo lwelanga
Umkhathi obonakalayo ufihla ngokwawo izimfihlo eziningi. Abaningi babo mhlawumbe mhlawumbe banjalo kuze kube phakade futhi bangahlali bangenakuguqulwa, kepha akunakwenzeka ukuba buthaka intshisakalo esikhaleni phakathi kososayensi nakubantu abajwayelekile. Eminyakeni engama-54 edlule, kusukela lapho kwethulwa ekwatsheni kweSoviet Satellite, sikwazile ukubeka imephu wonke amaplanethi ohlelo lwelanga, kanye nama-satellite abo amaningi. Kepha amaplanethi nenyanga akuwona kuphela izakhamuzi zomthala wethu.
Phakathi kweJupiter kanye neMars, njengoba ngithemba, uyazi umfundi ohlonishwayo, ibhande lama-asteroid - indawo yokuqongelela izinto eziningi zazo zonke izinhlobo zobunjwa nosayizi, okuthiwa amaplanethi amancane. Ama-asteroid, njengama-meteorites, kwesinye isikhathi awela emhlabathini, ecela ososayensi abavela ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zesayensi. Kepha kukhona endaweni yesikhala, esibona emhlabeni, izinto ezimangalisa ngokwengeziwe.
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I-Comet Leonardo - IWander yasezulwini
I-Comet, njengoba yaziwa ngesayensi yanamuhla, iqukethe ikakhulukazi amagesi aqandisiwe afudumele njengoba asondela elangeni futhi akhanye kusukela elangeni. Lapho amagesi efudumele, umoya welanga uyizinhlayiya ze-sugatomic ezikhishwe yinkanyezi yethu - ushaya impahla eyandayo emsileni omuhle we-comet (yebo, yile misila efana nababukeli be-antiinity inqume amakhanda nge-chapel enhle).
Namuhla, izazi zezinkanyezi eziqeqeshiwe zingabona kusuka engxenyeni yobuhle ku-comet eyishumi nambili noma yibuphi ubusuku. Kepha ama-Comets, akhanya ngokwanele ukufeza thina kithi, abane-telescopes amakhulu awekho, ayijwayelekile futhi avela ngokwesilinganiso esisodwa noma emihlanganweni emibili njalo ngeminyaka eyi-10-16. Ungasho nokuthi ukuvela kwe-comet enkulu negqamile esibhakabhakeni sasebusuku kuwumcimbi ongajwayelekile owenzeka kungabi ngaphezu kwezikhathi ezi-6-7 ngekhulu leminyaka. Futhi yize ama-Comets ebelokhu ebukele emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka, uhlobo lwalaba bahambi be-Space lufihla ngokwabo izimfihlakalo eziningi.
Kuzokuthakazelisa: Izithombe ezabiwe zeNASA ze-Indersterllar Comet yokuqala
I-Comet C / 2021 A1 (Leonard) itholwe yi-Astronomsing Gregory Leonard ngoJanuwari 3, 2021 eNtabeni i-Lemmon Observatory, etholakala enyakatho-mpumalanga yeTucson (Arizona, USA). Lapho uLeonard ebona umpheme okokuqala, bekuyinto efiphele kakhulu ngobukhulu obuncane, etholakala kude namayunithi acishe abe ngu-5 avela eLangeni (iyunithi yezinkanyezi lilingana nebanga lomhlaba elivela elangeni - 149,565 million km).
Njengamanje, C / 2021 A1 (Leonard) uphakathi kwemigwaqo yeJupiter neMars. Abaphenyi baphawula ukuthi i-Comet izofinyelela e-perielium - iphuzu eliseduze le-orbit elangeni licishe libe cishe ngoJanuwari 3, 2022. Lokhu kusho ukuthi sizoba nonyaka wonke ukubona ukuthi lo mhambi waseZulwini uqala kanjani futhi ugqamile.
Funda futhi: Izithombe ezintsha ze-comet borisov engaqondakali
Njengoba kuphawulwe yizinkanyezi ezivela egumbini lokusebenza ngezinkanyezi ze-NASA Reactive Movement Laboration, ukulinganiselwa kokuqala kweLeonardo Comet emhlabeni kuzoba nguDisemba 12, 2021 cishe isikhathi 14:13. I-Comet Orbit ibuye iphakamise ukuthi kuzokwenzeka eduze kweVenus ngoDisemba 18, 2021. Ngokuvamile, ngokusho kwezilinganiso zamanje njengamanje, uLeonardo angabonakala ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokusondela emhlabeni ekuqaleni kukaDisemba 2021. Ukuhlongozwa ngalobu buhle obukhanyayo ngeso elinqunu ngosizo lwe-binoculars kungenzeka.
Zama ukungaphuthelwa ngumcimbi wezinkanyezi, ngoba ama-comets akhanya ngokwanele ukuze abonwe ngeso elinqunu, ajwayelekile futhi avela esibhakabhakeni sasebusuku bomhlaba hhayi kaningi. Emiphakathini eliphakathi nendawo ye-Helven Hemisphere Comet izotholakala ngokubuka kusukela ngoSepthemba 2021.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi, i-comet leonardo hyperbolic orbit. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lapho nje kudlula elangeni, kuzolahlwa ngaphandle kohlelo lwelanga futhi ngeke siphinde sikubone, ngakho-ke ithuba neqiniso kuhlukile. I-Comet Orbit nayo ikhombisa ukuthi i-C / 2021 A1 akuyona "entsha" Comet, eyavela ngqo efwini ye-Oort - iqhwa elizungeze uhlelo lwelanga, lapho kuvela khona ama-comets ngaphambi kokundiza kwelanga. Cishe, iComet Leonard ihamba eceleni komjikelezo ovaliwe futhi mhlawumbe yaya endaweni ezungezile yelanga okungenani kanye esikhathini esidlule, cishe eminyakeni engama-70 edlule.