Amahlathi, ikakhulukazi uma kukhona abaningi babo, yimishini emangalisayo yokunciphisa ukuphuma kwekhabhoni emkhathini womhlaba. Cishe wabona lolu hlelo ebhukwini lesikole: izihlahla zidonsa ikhabhoni diokde emkhathini bese ziyiguqula ngenxa yenqubo ye-photosynthesis e-carbon, "egcinwe" ngesimo sokhuni nezimila. Kepha kunoma yiliphi i-ecosystem, ikakhulukazi ebanzi kanjena enjalo, njengehlathi lemvula lase-Amazon, akuzona izihlahla ezingabanjwanga kuphela - kunomhlabathi, amanzi kanye nomoya, konke ngezinqubo zazo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokutholwa nokukhethwa. Iqembu elisanda kwenziwa kwamanye amazwe ososayensi phakathi nolokuqala kocwaningo lwalo lomusa lwafika esiphethweni sokuthi i-jungle amazonia iqala ukushisa umoya womhlaba, futhi ingayiphoho. Ngakho-ke, ngezindlela eziningi, ngenxa yezixazululo zabantu, elinye lamahlathi emvula amakhulu kunawo wonke asele emhlabeni manje angaba abamba ukushisa abangena emkhathini kunokuba bamukele, babi kakhulu ekuphuzeni ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu.
Kwenzekani "kumaplanethi akhanyayo"?
Kudala amahlathi ashisayo ase-Amazonia ahlelwe njengekhabhoni etholwa kanye ne-ally yemvelo ekulweni nenkinga yesimo sezulu. Kodwa-ke, izifundo zakamuva zixwayisa ukuthi ubuntu bungalahlekelwa usizo lwamahlathi ashisayo ngokuqhubeka nokugawulwa kwamahlathi. "Ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kuvimbela ukumuncwa kwekhabhoni futhi le yinkinga enkulu kakhulu," kusho uChristopher Kovi, umbhali oholayo ocwaningweni olusha engxoxweni nezwe lonke neNational Geographic.
Esifundweni esisanda kushicilelwa emngceleni emahlathini kanye ne-Global Change Journal, ukuphuma kwe-Global Guqula Journal kune-carbon dioxide, njenge-methane kusuka ezikhukhula nasezinkomo, kanye nekhabhoni emnyama emililweni yamahlathi yabhekwa.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi imiphumela yezifundo eziqhutshwa ngaphambilini ikhombisile ukuthi amahlathi emhlabeni jikelele asamunca amathani amamitha ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-7.6 manje aseningizimu ntshonalanga ye-Asia manje esephenduke izinguquko ekusetshenzisweni komhlaba, Kubika i-ecowatch.
Imibhalo ethokozisayo ngokwengeziwe yokuthi ukufudumala komhlaba kuzoshintsha kanjani iplanethi yethu esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, kufundwe esiteshini sethu eYandex.dzen. Kunezinto ezishicilelwe njalo ezishicilelwe ezingekho esizeni!
Jungle amazonia nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu
Njengoba inani lezifundo ezedlule likhombisile, i-Amazon yaseBrazil yayivele ingumthombo ohlanzekile wekhabhoni diokside kusukela ngo-2001 kuya ku-2019, yize isifunda sisonke sasihlanza i-carbon abborber. Idatha entsha, noma kunjalo, iphoqelelwa ukuba yethuke, ngoba ngemuva kwemililo engama-2020 ebibalekele "amaplanethi akhanyayo", eminyakeni engu-15 eyalandela, isifunda singaphenduka komunye umthombo wokuphuma komoya we-CO2.
Ngesikhathi somsebenzi, ososayensi babheka izici eziningi e-Amazon, kubandakanya nokusika amahlathi, imililo kanye nezimo zezulu. Iziphetho ezivelayo zibonisa ukuthi amagesi abamba ukushisa, njenge-methane ne-nitrogen, aphonswa echibini lase-Amazon futhi manje kungenzeka adlule ikhono lendawo ukudonsa ukuphuma.
Bheka futhi: Okudingayo ukwazi ngomlilo eBrazil?
Lesi isifundo sokuqala lapho imiphumela yazo zombili izinto zomuntu nakwezemvelo icatshangelwa kabanzi, ezingaba nomthelela ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu, kanye nawo wonke amagesi abamba ukushisa, hhayi nje i-CO2. Phambilini, ososayensi babikezela ukuthi lezi zinto zingaholela ekunciphiseni ngekhono lamahlathi emvula ukuba amunce ama-carbon dioxide avela emkhathini, okusiza ukunxephezela ukuphuma. Ukhathazeke ngokukhethekile ngososayensi ngekusasa lesifunda, ngalokho uRamis Ganive akhulume ngawo ekutshelweni kwawo.
- I-Carbon emnyama ivela ngenxa yemililo emikhulu. Wabona izinhlayiya ezivela kwikhabhoni evuthayo zidonsa ukukhanya kwelanga nokukhulisa ukushisa.
- I-nitrogen ngokwemvelo ikhiqizwa amahlathi, kepha ukukhuphuka kwamagesi kukhuphuka lapho amaxhaphozi ewomile, nokugawulwa kwemithi kuncishisiwe ngenhlabathi.
- IMethane ikhululwe ngokwemvelo ngamahlathi ashisayo avela kuma-virobes emhlabathini omanzi, ohlungwa emkhathini. Esikhathini esedlule, amandla ka-Amazonia wokuqongelela ukuphuma kwekhabhoni anti-methal. Umsebenzi womuntu njengamanje ukhawulela ikhono lehlathi ukuqongelela ikhabhoni, ngoba kwakhiwa izikhukhula eziqinisiwe, ukwakhiwa kwamadamu kanye namadlelo wemfuyo nakho kwabela i-methne.
Kuzothakazelisa kuwe: Kuzoba yini umhlaba ngo-2050, uma ungayeki ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu?
"Sincisha amathuba ama-Amazon ukudonsa ikhabhoni diokmi emkhathini, futhi aphoqelele ukuthi abele amanye amagesi abamba ukushisa," babhala ababhali ngomsebenzi wesayensi. Ngenhlanhla, abaphenyi bakholelwa ukuthi kusekhona isikhathi sokuguqula umonakalo uma siyeka ukuphuma emikhakheni evuthayo, sinciphise ukusika phansi kwamahlathi bese sikhulisa imizamo yokutshala izihlahla - futhi konke lokhu kusezingeni lomhlaba.
Izincomo ezijwayelekile zivezwe ososayensi zifaka ukunciphisa ukuphuma kwamafutha okukhipha uphethiloli; Misa amahlathi okusika; Ukunciphisa ukwakhiwa kwamadamu nokutshala izihlahla. Futhi ucabangani, singasindisa iplanethi kusuka ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu okusheshayo? Impendulo izolinda lapha, kanye nakumazwana kule ndatshana.