Ntambama enhle, mfundi wami. Ngisho namaDashifinishi anolwazi awakwazi njalo ukuqoqa isivuno samazambane esihle. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isiko eligayiwe livame ukumangazwa yizifo ezahlukahlukene. Ukuze imizamo esetshenziselwe ukunganyamalali, izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingatholwa ukutheleleka fungal kanye namagciwane kufanele zikhethwe.
Ukukhulisa amazambane (isithombe esisetshenziswa yilayisense ejwayelekile © AZBUKAOGOORDINA.RU)
Isiko Langadi Elidumile, elingabonakala ensimini ngayinye yezwe lethu elikhulu, livame ukumangala ngezifo ezahlukahlukene. Ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo kuvusa ukwephulwa kwemithetho ye-agrotechnology, umbuthano ongalungile noma ukugcinwa kwesivuno.
Ukucutshungulwa kwamazambane (isithombe esisetshenziswa yilayisense ejwayelekile © AZBUKAOGOORNINA.RU)
Izifo zamazambane ezivame kakhulu:
- I-PARSHA (ejwayelekile, edudulayo, isiliva, emnyama);
- phytoofluorosis;
- I-Alternarariasis.
Ukutheleleka kungathinta zonke izingxenye zesitshalo. Izimpande zezimpande ezivame kakhulu ezinegciwane zihlupheke: zilahlekelwa kuphela izinhlobo zezimpahla, kodwa futhi ukunambitha. Imifino egulayo ayilungele ukugcinwa nokudla. Ukuze ulondoloze isivuno, kuyinto efiselekayo ukukhetha ukumelana okuhlukahlukene kwezifo.
Ibanga elingajwayelekile, elivutha kakhulu lakha izimpande ze-aval zalo ngesikhumba esibomvu. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezinesisindo esingu-60-70 g zinenyama emhlophe, enesitashi. Khiqiza ngesikwele esingu-1. Imitha ye-Girl ingu-90-170 kg. Lesi sitshalo singamelwe sibeka isomiso, sinokumelana nama-poschers kanye nomdlavuza wamazambane. Kodwa-ke, unokumelana nobuthakathaka ku-phytoophluorosis.
Ibanga lamazambane (isithombe esisetshenziswa yilayisense elijwayelekile © AZBUKAOGOORNINA.RU)
Izinhlobonhlobo zesikhathi sokuvuthwa esimaphakathi sesithole ukuthandwa okubanzi ngenxa yokumelana nezifo ezithile (kudlula, phytooorosis). Ama-tushembolo abushelelezi, ama-tubers aval (60-120 g) ane-peel ephuzi enamehlo acishe aphelele. I-pulp emhlophe inokunambitheka okuhle. Isivuno - 150-240 kg.Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Ultrarane zithandwa ngokufanele ngeDachnikov ngesivuno esizinzile (300-400 kg). Ama-tubers apinki ane-pulp emhlophe enesilinganiso esingu-120-130 g. Isitshalo simelana ngokuqinile ezifweni eziningi kanye nezinambuzane ezithile (umdlavuza, i-phytooorosis, ama-nematode). Ngaphezu kwalokho, isivuno sigcinwe kahle.
I-Potato Vintage (isithombe esisetshenziswa yilayisense ejwayelekile © AZBUKAOGOORDINA.RU)
Ukufika sekwephuzile, okuvutha kakhulu (kuze kube ngu-500 kg) Universal Universal ulungele ukulungiswa kwezitsha ezahlukahlukene ze-Culiary. Ngokwelashwa okushisa, okumhlophe kwi-Blue Mesh Root Root (100-160 g) Ungalahlekelwa ngumkhiqizo.Ngaphezu kwalokho, leli amazambane lingagcinwa ngaphambi kwesilimo esisha. Ngasikhathi sinye, inyama yayo emhlophe cishe ayilahlekelwa ukunambitha. Lesi sitshalo siphikelela sibekezelela ukushisa nesomiso, sinokumelana okuphezulu ezifweni ezijwayelekile.
Ibanga lakusasa, elifakazelwe kahle lidume ngesivuno esikhulu (250-350 kg) kanye nokumelana nezifo eziningi. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ze-oblong (80-140 g) umdwebo ophuzi ophuzi unobumbano obushelelezi, ngaphandle kobunzima be-peel. Ithuluzi elimhlophe, elimnandi I-pulp ayimnyama ngisho nesitoreji eside.
Ukuqoqwa kwamazambane (isithombe esisetshenziswa yilayisense ejwayelekile © AZBUKAOGOORDINA.RU)
Izimpande ezinhle ezibomvu ezikhanyayo (80-120 g) ukwakheka okuphezulu okucacise ngokuphelele igama lezinhlobonhlobo. Ngaphansi kwesikhumba esibushelelezi - inyama ephuzi, lapho abavakashi bakujabulela khona ukulungiselela ukudla okulula okubandayo nezitsha ezishisayo. Ukuhoxa Okuphezulu (250-500 kg) Isitshalo sithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yokuthola ukuthambekela okuphansi ku-phytoophluorosis.Lesi sigaba asivamile ukugula futhi kuvezwe ukuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane eziyingozi. Izilimo eziyizigaxa eziyindilinga (100-150 g) zinokubukeka okuyisikhumbuzo: ngaphansi kwesikhumba esinsundu - inyama ephuzi. Ngaphandle kwalezi zilimo eziyizigaxa zesitashi ngama-adrette abilisiwe anokunambitheka okungenakuqhathaniswa. Iminyaka eminingi, leli amazambane lisebenzisa ukuthandwa okuhle.
Amazambane (isithombe esisetshenziswa yilayisense elijwayelekile © AZBUKAOGOORDINA.RU)
Amazambane aphakathi nendawo aholela phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo ezimelana nezifo zokukhunta (Alternariasis, abhangqiwe, umlenze omnyama). Izilimo eziyizigaxa (90-120 g) ngesikhumba esibushelelezi, esikhanyayo ngenyama ephuzi.Izimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu zezimpande zenza sikwazi ukuzisebenzisa ukulungisa izitsha ezahlukahlukene. Kodwa-ke, amazambane ama-bronnitsky afanelana kahle nokuthosa nokupheka utshani obubi. Isivuno - 290-550 kg nge-1 imitha yesikwele.
Ibanga le-supermanny nge-peel epinki ekhanyayo kanye ne-white, ipulch pulp ngisho nangesikhathi sokushisa alahlekelwa uhlobo lomkhiqizo. Isitshalo esivimbela isomiso sakha ama-tubers (110-220 g), okungewona umdlavuza wamazambane esabekayo, i-phytooorosis, i-altariasis. Ezimweni ezinhle, uLyubava unikeza ngokungaguquki isivuno esingaba ngu-290-400 kg.
Amazambane, abizwa ngokuthi "isinkwa sesibili", atshalwe kuzo zonke izifunda zezwe. Ngeshwa, abalimi abakakabiki isiko lapho izinambuzane nezifo ezingekho zimbi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, lobu bungozi bungahlale buncishiswe uma ukhetha izinhlobo ngokungavikeleki kwezifo.