Indiza yaseSoviet ye-IL-2 Eminyakeni yempi yempi enkulu yokuthanda izwe eminyakeni eyi-Great Patriotic yaphenduka inganekwane, bakhuluma kakhulu ngaye futhi basusa kakhulu.
Uma ama-allies asentshonalanga neGerman Luftwaffef bekunezinketho nokuhlaselwa kwezinhloso zomhlaba, amaJalimane awazange asebenzise kuphela i-YU-87, futhi kusukela ngo-1943. Izibhamu nazo zazilengiswa kuye (ukuguqulwa g "Gustav"), kwakuyindiza ephikisayo futhi engeke kufakwe izindiza "ze-henchel 129", zasebenzisa ngenkuthalo njengendiza yokuhlasela "Fockey Wulf 190", ke I-RKKK Air Force "(isidlaliso il-2) kanye ne-dive ye-" PE-2 ", empeleni, akukho lutho.
Yenza ukubheja endizeni yendawo yonke nenqwaba yamabanga ahlukahlukene, njengoba umkhuba wempi ngokuphelelwa amandla akhombisa, kwakuyisinqumo esifanele. Uma i-luftwaffe ihlala ithathwa ngezingxenye ezisele futhi yadideka ekuguqukeni kwayo, khona-ke kusukela engxenyeni yesibili yempi, amabutho e-Soviet Assat Assapt Air ahanjiswa kulezi zinkinga.
Ngokusho kwemibono yangaphambi kwempi, amandla amakhulu okushaqeka kwebutho elibomvu ekusetshenzisweni kokuxhaswa kwezindiza ngokushesha kwamasosha ahlaselwa, kepha izinguqulo ze-shutter zabahlaseli abangasebenzi - amabhayibheli kanye ne-153 kanye no-153 bebekhona Inkonzo.
Kukholakala ukuthi "uBisa" kanye ne- "Seagulls" zingasetshenziswa njengendiza yokuhlasela ngendiza enomthunzi kanye ne-dive usebenzisa i-airbabes kanye namagobolondo asebenzayo. I-Tact Tact ihlinzekwe ngokuyinhloko izindlela ezimbili zokuhlasela: Ukusuka endizeni evundlile kusuka ekuphakameni okuvunyelwe okuncane kakhulu kufinyelela kumamitha ayi-150 futhi kusuka ku- "slide" ngama-engeli amancane ngemuva kokusondela endizeni enyakazayo.
Ukuqhuma kwamabhomu kwenziwa ngendiza yokushefa kusetshenziswa ama-fuse ahamba kancane. Ekuqaleni kwempi, kwabashayeli abambalwa kuphela abaphuthumayo bendiza yokuhlasela batholwe i-IL-2 entsha, ngasekupheleni kukaJuni 1941, amayunithi awo ayengaphambili.
Amaqhinga, ayesuselwa ekubukeni kwangaphambi kwempi kokusetshenziswa kwendiza yokuhlasela okukhanyayo, ayizange ilingane nendiza yokuhlasela kwe-IL-2 futhi ayizange inikeze ngokugcwele amakhono ayo angaba khona.
Funda ngentengo embi emaphutheni abo kwakufanele kube khona ngqo empini. Kusukela ngoJuni 22 kuze kube sekupheleni kukaNovemba 1941, izindiza eziyi-1,100 zalahleka ngaphambili kwe-IL-2.
NgoJulayi 4, 1941, inhloko yomyalo ojwayelekile emikhondweni yalo yafuna kusuka kumkhuzi wamandla omoya wamandla "... ngokwehlukanisa ukwenqatshelwa ukukhulisa amaqembu amakhulu." Ukwehlulwa kwegoli elilodwa kwavunyelwa ukuba kungabi ngaphezu kwesixhumanisi esisodwa, njenge-resort yokugcina, kungabi ngaphezu kweqembu elilodwa.
Ukuze uzuze ukuqhubeka komthelela esitheni, umkhuzi we-Western Front Air Force, uColonel Naumenko, ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti 2 izindiza ngamaqembu amancane ukuze wandise izindiza ezintathu noma eziyisithupha eqenjini futhi Faka isicelo sokushaywa okukhethiwe ngezikhathi ezithile zemizuzu engu-10-16 ukusuka ezindaweni eziphakeme nezinkomba.
Eqinisweni, konke kwavela kaningi akunakucatshangwa. Ils ihlaselwe ngendiza evuthayo noma i-dive emnene, iyehla kancane, iqoqa wonke umlilo we-anti-anti-anti-izindiza. Ngesembozo sokulwa esibuthakathaka ngonyaka wokuqala wempi noma ngaphandle kwakhe, lapho usondela egoli noma ekuphumeni kokuhlaselwa abangahlangana nabo abalindi bezitha.
Izici ezingezekile ezithonya ukulahleka okuphezulu zazisheshiswe futhi zisezingeni eliphansi zokulungiswa kwezindiza ezimeni zempi kanye nomhlangano ophansi osemuva, lapho kuqoqwe izimo zemboni eziphumayo ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane nezingane. Ibuye ixhumane nokusetshenziswa okulungile kwendiza.
Lezi zinhlobo zanxeshezelwa ukuntuleka kwezindiza zeBombardment, yize bekungekho lapho kwakungekho khona ukubona endizeni.
Bathunyelwa, bobabili esivunguvungwini somaphethelweni wangaphambili wokuzivikela, kanye nokusetshenziswa kokwethuka kumabhuloho nokuwela, okumbozwe ngokuqinile ngamabhethri endiza alwa nezindiza.
Nazi izindima ezivela ezinkumbulweni zomshayeli wendiza yokuhlasela ye-Lieutenant Vaganov Ilya Nikoleyevich mayelana ne-Battlely ekuweni kwe-moscow - ukusebenza "typhoon":
"Ake sindize ngamabutho amabili, umsebenzi wesiphepho sokuwela izindlela eKalinin, ngisho nakusosikhathini, imizuzu eyi-15 kuya kwelitshe, asuse phezulu, ahlasela phezulu, angqongqoze i-VANKA SHILOVA - Ukuhola kwami, ngibona amakilabhu kamusi kuphela nezicucu zezindiza ezivela endizeni yakhe, ngishaye i-cab lantern.
Konke - ngisekwethukeni, okudidekile, lokhu kuhamba kwami kokuqala, namanje angiboni umoya, imephu yendawo yazi kalula, futhi sengivele ngiwuqede ukuhlukanisa, futhi sengidilikile ukuthi sengivele ngingubani kudilize ukuthi ngikwazi "okuluhlaza"?
Engozini yengozi, akukho lutho lokuhlukanisa noma yini, ngasebenzela umsakazo kuphela, ngasebenzela ukudluliselwa eShilov. Ngibona amathrekhi aphambi kwami ahamba, kusho ukuthi ngahlala phansi emsileni, ngahlala phansi, ngizama ukushiya ukwehla, akusizi ngalutho, iplanethi isindayo, angithi, angingilaleli, ngingezwa ngokwengeziwe ukwethuka.
Impi yahlukana, kwezinye iziqephu, angiboni lutho, angiqondi, ngilahlekelwe yiqembu lonke. AmaJalimane emsila endaweni ethile ahambe, mhlawumbe alahlekelwe, mhlawumbe othile eseguqukile.
Amafu amakhefu ahambe, kusho ukuthi ngiphezu kwamaJalimane. Ukuthi ukundiza angazi kuphi ukuthi umgomo ungaziwa, kepha ngilayishelwe "sawubona", ungandizeli emuva, udinga ukuthola umgomo futhi ukhiphe izinhlamvu. Ukujikeleza endaweni ezungeze le ndawo, okwesabisayo, nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, ngemuva kwamafu, ama-Fighters aseJalimane angawa ngaphandle, futhi uphethiloli ubalwa abajwayele imigomo nangemuva, efuna okukhohlisayo, okungenani okuthile.
Ngibona eduze kwechibi leqoqo elincane lezimoto zaseJalimane, amaloli, abathwali bezisebenzi bahlomile, futhi sekuvele kubanda, futhi bageza, futhi bageza echibini. Wenze amasayithi amathathu, waletha ukugqwala, aya echibini, ukuze aphile nje. Ukugezwa, Damn ... kuthulule izinhlamvu futhi othandekayo kusuka lapha ngokushesha. Gorusti kancane ngokwanele kule nkundla yezindiza, lapho injini kade yaqala ukunyazalela, nginenhliziyo ezithendeni zami. Umsebenzi awugcwaliswanga, kepha umonakalo othile uyisitha. Ukuhamba kubalwa. Kwavela ukuthi kukho konke ngisanda kubuya. "
Uma ePoland naseFrance, umshayeli wendiza akazange asukume emoyeni ePoland, futhi bekuzoqala ukufuna ukuphuma empini ngomonakalo noma umonakalo, khona-ke abashayeli bezindiza bebengahleki kunoma yimuphi umbono waseYurophu kanye nomqondo ojwayelekile, babekhona Shot phansi futhi kwasolwa kwabiwa ngamakholomu, kwathi ukusebenzisa izinhlamvu ziye enqama. Umshayeli weSoviet angabulawa, kepha awukwazi ukunqoba!
Ngo-1943, lapho izinga lokulungiselela liqiniswa, futhi iL-2 yaqala ukuba ngu-30% wendiza yonke yomoya, i-IL-2 yaba yisabekayo yangempela izingxenye ezisuselwa emhlabathini ze-Wehrmacht.
Indiza ephumelela kunazo zonke ikhombise okwabo ekuhlaselweni komphetho wangaphambili wesitha, kepha ngesikhathi sokuhlangana kwezokuxhumana eduzane, kanye namakholomu kanye namandla aphilayo athuthela phambili. Ngaphezu kwezibhamu, izibhamu zomshini, angaphatha amakhilogremu angama-600 omthwalo wempi (amabhomu, amagobolondo ama-Rs), kwathi lapho i-IBA iqala ukunikela iziqukathi ngamabhomu alwa namathangi, i-PTAB, khona-ke indiza ibe yi-Uber embi kakhulu nezithuthi zezitha ezihlomile zesitha.
Yebo, akumangalisi ukuthi amaJalimane abizwa ngokhonkolo we-IL-2, wayephila, kepha esengozini. Kwakukhona amacala lapho indiza ebingenayo indawo yokuhlala endizeni, kepha umshayeli wendiza wafika emotweni eya e-Airfield. Kwenzeka nokuthi umugqa owodwa ophumelelayo noma i-projectile ngendiza angasika umsila noma iphiko.
Ukubhuka ingxenye ye-hull ngaphandle kokuthi kwakuyisixazululo esihle nje, futhi kwasindisa izindiza kusuka ezinhlokweni, kodwa kusuka e-anti-air Shell Gcina, Make, akunakwenzeka.
Yebo, iL-2 yayingafanele, kepha yaphumelela kuze kube sekupheleni kwempi, futhi abashayeli bezindiza abahleli ngemuva kwesondo lakhe lokuqondisa bangena endabeni.
Bayeke bathi ngokuphumelelayo kwendiza empini yaseSoviet, eyamukelwa yimpi enabantu abaningi, yabona amathangi e-Wehrmacht azokhamba ethangini lakhe, futhi akukho lutho olungabashaya ezikhundleni ...
Ngaphandle kokufisa ukuhlala uphila, ngokuzumayo wezwa ukushumputhe okude, futhi amaJalimane axoshwa ngokukhala, azame ukuthola umsele oseduze noma athukulule emhlabathini. Kulokhu, abalwa impikiswano baseSoviet bathola ithuba lokuvela, ngoba "i-humpback" yavela phezu kwenkundla yempi futhi yema embuthanweni ....