Umlando omude, izimpi eziningi nokushaqeka kwenzelwa isabelo samaCuba, abantu baseCuba abakwazile ukwenza kahle futhi ngokuziqhenya. Ngenxa yokuqina kwabo nesibindi, izwe lamaChuba laqala ukubiza isiqhingi senkululeko. I-Cuba iyindawo ekhoneni elingajwayelekile lomhlaba. Konke kuhlukile lapha kunawo wonke umhlaba.
Abantu balesi siqhingi ngokwabo basuka ezizweni ezahlukahlukene, izizwe eziningi, ezazifana nesizwe sezizwe esisha. Namuhla, ukukhula kwalawa mazwe kubhekwa eCuba. Ukuze kuqhathanise - emakhulwini amabili eminyaka edlule, isibalo samaCuba sasibantu abayizigidi eziyi-1, futhi namuhla sidlula isibalo sezigidi eziyi-11. Yini abaseCuba engavamile futhi ekhombisa ukuvezwa? Yini umlando wabo namasiko angasho?
Umlando Cuban
Ekuqaleni, iCuba yahlalwa izizwe zamaNdiya zeqembu le-Aravak kanye nezizwe eziningi ezifika neHaiti. Kodwa-ke, ngokufika kwabaseSpain, isimo sishintsha kakhulu. Inani labantu bomdabu laphonswa ezindaweni ezikude zesiqhingi. Abamele abaningi babantu baseNdiya bafa ezimpini zaphakade nabanqobi baseYurophu. Akekho umuntu ohlukunyezwayo ukuze alethe izifo ezithathelwanayo.
Ngenxa yenani elincishiswe kakhulu le-Aboriginal, amaSpain adingekayo ukuletha izigqila ezimnyama. Izizwe zase-Afrika zaletha ingxenye yesiko labo ezinkolelweni nasezintweni zasendaweni. Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, inkolo yeYoruba yavela eCuba, okhethwayo wayo ithathwa njengeNigeria. Ngokwezinga elikhulu, lesi sizwe sakhiwa yiqembu elixubekile (Methami, Mulats), kanye nophawu (abomdabu abamhlophe besiqhingi).
Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XVIII, izifiki ezintsha zifika eCuba. Manje lokhu sekuvele kwase-French, amaNtaliyane, amaNdiya aseMexico. Ukubukeka kwazo kwathinteka kakhulu yisiko lendawo, kuliguqula kube inhlanganisela yezinambuzane ezingenakuqhathaniswa zamasiko ahlukahlukene - kusuka e-Afrika kuya e-European nase-Indian.
Ngo-1898, uCuba uphuma ngaphansi kwamandla eSpain. AmaCuba athuthukisa ngenkuthalo ukutshalwa komoba kashukela kanye nokuthengiswa ushukela. Izimboni eziningana ziyakhiwa kancane kancane, eziboniswa kahle emandleni ezomnotho esiqhingi. Esiqhingini, esithole inkululeko yaso, isakhiwo somphakathi siqala ukwakheka, ikilasi labasebenzi kanye nabamele i-Intellionatia bavela.
Ulimi Nezinkolelo ZaseCuba
Namuhla, iningi lamaCuba likhuluma ulimi lwabo, okuyi-Cuba, ulimi lwesiSpanishi. I-Classic Spanish isiphenduke ulimi olusemthethweni eCuba. Ngasikhathi sinye, unokuhluka okuningi ngeCuba Nascha. Isibonelo, kaningi enkulumweni yamaCuba Kunamazwi avela e-Afrika noma amagama amaNdiya, ngakho-ke, abaseSpain abangabazwisisi njalo.
Iningi lamaCuba lawo lingamaKristu. UbuKatolika basakazeka kulesi siqhingi ngesikhathi sokubusa kweSpain. Ngasikhathi sinye, namuhla ungahlangana nabantu abavuma ezinye izinkomba zenkolo. Isibonelo, imindeni eminingana yazokufika evela e-Afrika igcina izinkolelo namasiko asendulo amadlozi.
USanteria waba yinto evame kakhulu eCuba - inkolo ekhethekile, eyavela ngesisekelo senhlanganisela yezinkolelo nobuKatolika. Okujabulisayo, ngisho nangesikhathi sethu, akubona bonke abalandeli beSateria ababonwa kulokhu (yize kungekho noyedwa olahla).
Isizathu salokhu kwakuwukushushiswa okuthe xaxa kwamaSpaniyade, okwaphoqa izigqila zase-Afrika ukuba zithathe ubuKristu. Abathunjwa be -hoxible baphoqeleka ukuba bakhombise ukuthobeka, kepha babengeke benqabe emibonweni yabo.
Abasekeli beSunia bakholelwa ukuthi konke okusemhlabeni kwake kwadalwa uNkulunkulu munye, kepha wayelalwa onkulunkulu kanye nemimoya yesibili ". Babuswa ngaphezu kwamandla endalo nangabantu, futhi ngenxa yalokho asidingi isimo senhlonipho ngalutho. Imicikilisho eminingi iSungeriya isho ukholo kumilingo emilingo, ukuxhumana nemimoya nemihlatshelo.
Babukeka kanjani abahlali baseCuba?
Njengoba kukhombisa ucwaningo lwezakhi zofuzo, iphesenti legazi laseNdiya kumaCuba lanamuhla lincane kakhulu. Kusukela emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka eCuba kwakukhona ukuxubana njalo kwezinhlanga ezahlukahlukene, amaCuba uqobo aba yibani abantu, abanezinhlobo eziningi zangaphandle (kuya ngesizwe samadlozi).
Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zabantu baseCuba zibhekwa njengezinhlobo eziphambili:
- I-afrika. Lababantu banezici ezinhle kakhulu zeNeoto. Zihlukaniswa ngombala wesikhumba omnyama, ikhala elinwetshiwe, izinwele ezi-curly curly.
- Mhlophe. Lezi yizizukulwane zabantu baseSpain noma abaseYurophu, abangazange babuyele esiqhingini senkululeko.
- IMulatto. Yethula ingxube yabantu base-Afrika nabaseYurophu. Kungaba abantu abanezikhumba ezikhululekile ezinezinwele ezigobile.
- Metisi. Bayinzalo yamaNdiya nabaseYurophu. Ehlukile ngesikhumba esimnyama nezici ezinhle zobuso.
Ukuhlala Cuban
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi amaCuba amanje awafani nokhokho wawo akude yamaNdiya, izindlu zendabuko zihlala ziyindlu yaseNdiya, lapho abantu bomdabu besiqhingi bake bahlala khona. Ingaphezulu lophahla limbozwe ngamaqabunga amakhulu esundu.
Amafasitela asendlini enjalo awanikeziwe, ngoba inhloso enkulu yendlu ukumboza izakhamuzi zazo ena imvula eningi eshisayo. Iningi lesikhathi sakhe kanye namaCuba okupheka ahlanganyela emgwaqweni eduze kwendlu.
AmaCuba - abantu bakhanya ngazo zonke izindlela. Izingubo zazo zendabuko ezihamba phambili, ingxubevange yamasiko evamile, ukunambitheka okukhethekile, okungakhiwa kuphela esikhungweni esimangalisa kakhulu, kwabenza babe yisizwe esihlukile ngempela. Esedlule ebunzimeni obuningi nokuswethulwa, amaCuba akazange alahlekelwe yigiya elijabule futhi ajabule kakhulu ngokhokho babo. Izivakashi eziningi kanye nalezi zinsuku ziyaphawula ukuthi iCuba isiqhingi esihle senkululeko ngempela.