Okokuqala, ukuphenya kwenguquko eMartian Orbit nge-trajectory efudukayo kwenza i-Arabhu Plosbe ithemba ("Nadezhda" ngesi-Arabhu, i-Al-Amal). Le nqubo yathatha imizuzu engama-27, futhi lapho sekuphothulwe, le divayisi yayingaphansi kwethonya elivelele lamandla adonsela phansi. Izohambisa izinyanga ezimbili ezizayo ukuya ku-elliptic elliptic orbip ngokuphakama kwamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-20-43 ngaphezulu kobuso beplanethi. Manje ithemba liku-orbit ephakeme kakhulu - ukuphakama kwalo okuncane kumakhilomitha ayinkulungwane kuphela, futhi iphuzu elikude kakhulu lingaphezu kwamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-49 ukusuka kuma-MARS.
Ebhodini lezi zokusebenza - amathuluzi amathathu esayensi ukutadisha izakhiwo zesimo saseMartian. Lapho nje uhlelo oluphambili lwemishini luqala, kuzo zonke izinsuku eziyisishiyagalolunye ucwaningo luzosusa ngokuphelele lonke iplanethi ebomvu ku-Emission Spectra ehlukile (ebonakalayo, infrared kanye ne-ultraviolet). Lokhu ngeke kuphela ukutadisha ngokuningiliziwe izici zokwakheka kwe-Mars Ges Shell, kepha futhi ukulandelela izinguquko zayo ezinamandla.
Uphenyo lwePhezu lwenziwe ngokubambisana konjiniyela nososayensi abavela e-UAE nabangochwepheshe baseMelika emihlanganweni ye-InteriPlanetary. Umhlangano wedivaysi waqhutshwa elabhorethri ye-physics yasemkhathini nasesikhaleni (isisa) se-University of Colorado eBoulder. Okujabulisayo, ngoJulayi 19 ngonyaka owedlule, baqala "ithemba" esikhaleni esivela eJapan e-H-Iia Rocket.
Isivuno se-spacecraft yokuqala yezwe ekuwohlokeni kwama-MARS sambozwa kabanzi e-UAE. Kuwo wonke umfula we-skyscraper cooices "Burj-Khalifa" kubhekwe ukubala okubomvu okukhanyayo kuze kube sekupheleni kwe-maneuver. Isikrini esifanayo saboniswa isimo se-probe ngesikhathi sokubopha (ngokubambezeleka kwemizuzu engu-11, kusobala). Futhi, kubhala i-Portal.com portal, esibhakabhakeni ebusuku ngaphezu kwezithombe zasogwadule zama-satellite amabili wemvelo eMars - uPhobos noDemos bavela.
I-China ingeyesibili
Ngaphansi kosuku, i-maneuver efanayo yenze ukuthunywa "Tiawen-1" (Tianewen-1). Kuqukethe ngokushesha izakhi ezintathu - ipulatifomu yokufika, i-marnyama kanye nemodyuli ye-orbital, futhi esebenza njengendawo yokufuduka. Ukwahlulela ngesandla esinjalo samadivayisi, singakhuluma ngezifiso ezimbi kakhulu zaseChina maqondana neMars. Ngokwethile, i-ejensi yesikhala soMbuso ophakathi izokwenza imisebenzi emithathu ekwakhiweni kweminye imizamo eyesokunxele imizamo eminingana: Ukuphuma ku-orbit (vele ngempumelelo), ukufika kwe-rover.
Njengoba ukwakheka kwemishini yehlukile, imishini yabo yezobuchwepheshe nayo izokwehluka. Iminyaka Emithathu Yeminyaka (cishe amathani amahlanu) "ITiawean-1" yathatha imizuzu eyi-15 kuphela yokusebenza enamandla amakhulu kunethemba, injini yokunciphisa ijubane linciphise amandla adonsela phansi. Umphumela waba yi-orbit ehluke ngokuphelele - amakhilomitha aphezulu angu-400x180000 anesikhathi sezinsuku eziyi-10. Izinyanga ezizayo, uphenyo lwaseChina luzokwehla kahle futhi likwazisa ngemephu yeplanethi.
Ukuphakama okuncane okumele kusebenze kuyo kusebenza kuminye amakhilomitha angama-265. Ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, ochwepheshe abavela esikhungweni sokulawula bazovimbela ingalo ye-disemblwation futhi bathumele umyalo wokuhlukanisa emshinini. Kuhlelwe ukuthi imodyuli ye-Orbital izohlala iminyaka emibili, futhi iRover izosebenza ubusuku obungu-90 (izinsuku zeMartian). Kunamathuluzi wesayensi ayi-13 kumadivayisi, okuzo okusasele esikhaleni, futhi abayisithupha bazogibela iplanethi ebomvu.
I-China akayona izama ukufinyelela kuma-Mars: Umzamo owedlule waphela ekwehlulekeni ekuqaleni kwendiza emuva ngo-2011. Ama-apulaatus amancane athi "iinho-1" (i-YINHUO-1) bekufanele aqhubeke nokukhokhela okudlulayo kwi-Russian "Phobos-Grunt". Kepha ngenxa yokwehluleka kwebhulokhi esheshayo, imodyuli efudukayo ayishiyanga umjikelezo womhlaba. Iphrojekthi elandelayo yokutadisha kochwepheshe bePlanethi ebomvu basebenza ngokugcwele ngokwabo, hhayi ukubala kunoma yiluphi usizo.
Umthombo: Isayensi Enqunu