Izingane ezafa nokuqhuma kwamabhomu ensimini yamaphayona zaba izisulu zokuqala zempi phakathi kwabantu baseVorezh.
Ngemuva kwalolo usizi, abantu baba mancane amathuba okubuthana ndawonye, futhi abanye bashiya idolobha nhlobo. Kodwa-ke, ukufuduka kwabantu abaningi kwaqala kuphela ngemuva kwamaqembu amakhulu okuqhuma ngoJulayi 4 no-5. Futhi ngoJulayi 7, ngesikhathi sokusebenza okuhlaselayo okujwayelekile kweJalimane, "Blau", ingxenye yebhange elilungile ledolobha lalimatasa nalo amaFascists.
Izinsuku ezingama-212 zahlala izimpi ezinzima ngokweqiniso ngekota ngayinye nakuwo wonke amakhaya. Futhi ngoJanuwari 25, 1943 kuphela, idolobha lakwazi ukukhulula ngokuphelele. Ngezindleko zezisulu ezinhle kakhulu. Kepha kwathi ngo-June 1942, konke lokhu bekusangaphambili. Kwakunomuzi onokuthula kuphela, washaqeka umcimbi omubi.
Kwenzeka ukuthi ngalezo zisulu ezingenacala zikhulume kancane, kumahemuhemu - imicimbi emikhulu nezimpi. Kodwa-ke, ngeVoronezh, hhayi okwamanje "i-Snuffing Porch", ibhomu elahliwe engadini, lapho kwakuhamba khona izingane, zaba ukushaqeka kwangempela. Kuyiqiniso, abantu bomuzi babezi ukuthi impi yayisondele. Imindeni eminingi isivele yathola imingcwabo ezihlotsheni zabo. Yebo, nebhomu lokuqala eliqondiswe esikhungweni somoya, sagqashuka emuva ngo-Okthoba 1941. Kuliqiniso, bese kubiza hhayi izisulu. Futhi kuze kube ehlobo lika-1942, yize izimpi zasondela kakhulu futhi amabhizinisi amaningi akhishwa empumalanga, idolobha lalihlala futhi lasebenza.
Futhi ngakho-ke, ngoMgqibelo usuku, ngoJuni 13, 1942, noma ukuphazamisa abantu, noma ukujabulisa izingane, banquma ukuhlela iholide lezingane zesikole. Lapho-ke kungenzeka ukuthi ungene engadini kuphela ngezimemo, ezazisatshalaliswe izifundo ezinhle kakhulu. Futhi-ke abazali bathola ukuthi ama-donuts ajeziswa ngenxa yezingane, futhi, bakhulule izingane zabo - nangase kwaba khona izinto zokubala ezingenalutho edolobheni. Abafana abajabule baqhubeka usuku lonke. Usihlalo we-Veteronal uyakhumbula: "Ngidlale i-orchestra emgqonyeni wami, futhi udadewethu omdala wahlabelela ekwayeni," kukhumbula uSihlalo woMkhandlu Wama-Veterans, "kusho uSihlalo woMkhandlu Wama-Veterignal Plant Mitrofan Moskalev. - Futhi thina ngempelasonto esenziwe esiteji, sakujabulisa izingane.
NgoJuni 13 eduze kwehora lesikhombisa kusihlwa saqala ukudlala. Futhi ngokuzumayo, ngaphandle kwezikhangiso ze-alamu yomoya, ngaphandle kokudubula izibhamu ezilwa nezindiza, indiza yandiza phezu kwethu futhi yaphosa ibhomu ezinganeni ezihlala futhi lalalele ikhonsathi. Thina, izikhulumi, saphosa igagasi lokuqhuma, futhi ngahlakazwa ngokoqobo kube izingcezu. " Lapho umculi osemusha eza kuye, kwakukhona ubusuku obukhona. Ezungeze igazi, emithini yengxenye yemizimba, futhi kukhona i-funnel enkulu lapho. Abalimele bamemeza, benze bakhala futhi bakhononda. Ngokukhuphuka kobunzima, uMitrofan wazama ukuthola udadewethu kanye nabantu obajwayele. UPolina wayephila, kepha umngani kaYura, owayehleli emugqeni wokuqala, wafa, umhlane wakhe wanwetshwa yizicucu. Kuzo zonke izakhiwo eziseduzane, kwaphuma ingilazi, endaweni ethile yandizela ophahleni.
Kwenye yezindlu, amafasitela awo acishe abesesiteshini sodansa, waphila umndeni weVoronezh Medica Viktor Ivanovich Bobrov. "Abazali bami babehlinzwa empini yezwe yokuqala esibhedlela sasensimini," indodakazi kadokotela, okhethwayo wezokwelapha isayensi, u-Elena Bobrov, wabhala ezimelweni zawo. - Ngokushesha bathatha izinto zokugqoka, ezazisendlini, zaya ensimini yamaphayona ukuba ayonikeza usizo lokuqala ezinganeni. Kamuva, lapho beqala ukuthatha abalimele, ubaba waya emtholampilo wokuhlinzwa we-muty, lapho asebenza khona, futhi waqala ukusebenza izingane lapho.
Ngemuva kweminyaka eminingi kamuva, ngengemva ngengozi yezwa umuntu ubaba wasebenza ngalolo suku. Ngo-1942, wayeseyingane futhi wathola ukulimala okungu-17. Kwasetshenziswa emahoreni ambalwa. " Ngemuva kokuqhuma endaweni yesehlakalo salesi sigameko safika ngokushesha eTartieges ye-ambulensi. Ngaleso sikhathi, izimoto zazicishe zibe khona - ingxenye enkulu yaphuthunyiswa ngaphambili, futhi indlela eyinhloko yokunyakaza yayingamaTrams. Ukuze uthathe umzimba, ojantshi balethwa ngojantshi balayishe ngokuphelele ngezinsalela zabantu.
Kusukela kulolu suku, idolobha lalingena ekulileni. Bangaki abafa? Namuhla endaweni yezehlakalo ezibuhlungu yitshe elingenakulibaleka nalolo olotshwe kangangokuba izingane ezingaphezu kuka-300 zafa ngalolo suku. Kepha, ngokusho kwezazi-mlando, lesi sibalo sande. "Ngo-1996-1997, intatheli evgedy shkrykin yathola ungobo yomlando, inikezwe ngoJuni 14, 1942 kwi-topnik yeqembu," ukhetho lwesayensi yomlando, umbhali wencwadi yencwadi yamaphayona, uTatyana Chernoboboeva. - Kusho ukuthi abantu abangama-247 kuphela abalimele ngosuku lokukhuphuka kwezitha. Kulaba, labo ababulewe babulawa ngokulimala - 71. Lezi yizisulu kulo lonke idolobha, hhayi nje engadini. Yize kunjalo, ngalolo suku, amabhomu amaningana aphonsa iprospekt yenguquko. "
Kamuva, intatheli kanye nesazi-mlando sendawo uPavel Popov, siqhathanisa yonke imininingwane, sathola lokho, sinaka abafileyo abavela eRussia Academy of Sciences of Sciences engadini, bangaphezu kwezingu-35-45 izingane ezingafa. Yize ingaphazamisi usizi oluphukile. Kodwa-ke, ngokuqhubeka kwesikhathi, umcimbi waqala ukukhula yonke imininingwane emisha namahemuhemu. Ngakho-ke inguqulo yavela ukuthi owesifazane ubehleli ngemuva kwesondo lokuqondisa futhi walahla ngenhloso ibhomu eziqongweni zezingane. Kwacatshangwa ukuthi lokhu kwakungu-Elsa Koch, okuyi-1940 wandizela emiqhudelwaneni ngaphansi kweVoronezh futhi wayazi kahle umhlaba.
UTatyana Chernoboevaesa uyachaza: "Kodwa lokhu kuyizwi elingenabufakazi," kuchaza uTatyana Chernoboboeva. Sekuvele kwasungulwa ukuthi indiza yaseJalimane yayisekwe kuKurk, ngokusobala, ukusuka lapho futhi yenziwa ngokusuka. Ngokweqiniso, empeleni, ungafaka ukuthi ngubani owayesemuva kwesondo lokuqondisa, ngoba amamagazini aseJalimane ahamba ngezinyawo kufanele agcinwe. Kepha kuze kube manje akekho noyedwa owenzile. "
Inhlekelele, akukaze kuzwakale muntu?
Namuhla, inkumbulo yalelo bhomu igcinwa yithimba lezazi-mlando, umlando wendawo nofakazi bemicimbi. Njalo ngonyaka ngoJuni 13, bahlela umhlangano etsheni, okuza abantu abaningi ngokwengeziwe. Njengoba uTatyana Chernoboeva athi, ngandlela thile owesifazane wasondela kubo, onosakhe wobuso abulawa. Kwavela ukuthi ngo-1942 wayeneminyaka emibili kuphela ubudala, futhi intombazane umakhelwane yamyisa engadini ngeholide. Lapho ukuqhuma kwaduma, le ntombazane, izama ukuvikela ingane, yamcindezela kakhulu emhlabathini. Icala elibi iminyaka eminingi ngomqondo wangempela lishiye ukufakwa ebusweni be-olga - ngakho-ke kubiza lona wesifazane.
By the way, inkumbulo yale nhlekelele engadini yamaphayona igcinwe ukubonga ngokunembile kubantu abaye babona lezo zigameko ezimbi. I-Kravered Faina Bluchevskaya iqophe ngokucophelela izinkumbulo zokuzibonela zencwadi ethi "Ingadi Yamaphayona". "Ngesikhathi besizihle ngangiseBabyAkovo, sakhishwa eBryansk," kusho uFain Zinvevievna. - Lapho kwenzeka amabhomu, konke okuzungezile ngakuye kuphela, futhi ngiqonda kahle ukuthi yiliphi i-Horror elalikhona. Futhi lapho abazukulu bami babuza ukuthi yiliphi umcimbi ongabhalwa endabeni yesikole, ngabiza inhlekelele engadini yamaphayona. Kepha kwavela ukuthi akekho owake wakuzwa ngaye, yebo othisha esikoleni! Futhi-ke ngaqala ukubiza abangane, ngiye emtapweni wezincwadi, ngithole ofakazi bokuzibonela. Manje abambalwa bayaphila, ngemuva kokuba yonke impi iye yanciphisa impilo yabantu. "
Iningi lazo zonke izinhlobo ze-Blynchevskaya zakhumbula izinkumbulo zika-Olga Tikhmirova, lapho atshela khona ukuthi sekwedlule isikhathi ekuqandeni kwekhonsathi. Umama ugqoke intombazane egqoke imikhosi futhi wathunyelwa engadini, ngoba izipho ezimnandi zithembisa izingane lapho. U-Olga wayelinde intombi yakhe isikhathi eside futhi lapho ekugcineni ephuma, bagijima bavela ezinyaweni zakhe, kodwa ngenhlanhla babengenaso isikhathi.
inkomba
Kusukela ekuqaleni kwempi, uVoronezh waboshwa ngezikhathi ezithile. AmaFascists aqhuma, okokuqala, isitshalo sezindiza, isiteshi kanye ne-Countrent Chernivsky Bridge. Amanxiwa ahlala esigungwini esikhulu se-mitrofan. Amabhomu ahlala abhubhisa ngamaqhinga ama-tramways abalulekile edolobheni, ngoba ngo-1942 uTram waphela ukuphela kwendlela yokuhamba eVoronezh. Imithwalo yayihanjiswa kuwo futhi kwalethwa izilimo ezilimele ezibhedlela. Kusukela ngoJulayi 7, 1942 kuya ku-Januwari 25, 1943, ingxenye yebhange elilungile likaVoronezh lalihlalwa amaJalimane abhubhisa lo muzi cishe emhlabathini ...