Naphezu kwenkinga nokuphonswa okubalulekile kumanani, amaRussia akhuphuke ukonga: ngoba unyaka wabantu abasemabhange wakhuphuka ngama-ruble angama-2.4 trillion. Ikakhulu isivuno esikhishwe ngoDisemba: Ngokusho kwebhange eliphakathi nendawo, amaRussia aletha ama-ruble angama-1.3 trillion emabhange. (ngaphandle kwama-akhawunti e-eScro) kanye ne- $ 3.2 billion Central Bank ekubuyekezweni "ekuthuthukisweni komkhakha webhange" kuchaza ukugcwala okukhulu okuthe xaxa kwamaphrimiyamu kanye nezinkokhelo zenhlalo ekupheleni konyaka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phambi kwale mpelasonto ende ngalesi sikhathi, amaholo ngoJanuwari akhokhelwa kusengaphambili, ukhumbuza umhlaziyi ophambili we-PSB Dmitry Monasththhin.
Kodwa-ke, izinguquko ezinkulu zicashe ngemuva kwezinombolo zokukhula konyaka: abantu bashintsha indlela yokonga.
Azikho imaliNgonyaka odlule nje, imali ye-ruble yabantu emabhange ikhuphuke cishe ngama-ruble angama-1,6 trillion. Ama-akhawunti wemali, kunalokho, anciphise ngo- $ 4,4 billion ngedola elilinganayo. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuncipha okukhulu kwe-ruble ngonyaka owedlule (ngo-19% kuya kudola kanye nama-31% we-euro) kuma-akhawunti wemali alinganayo we-ruble aze akhuphuke - ngama-ruble angama-825 billion.
Iphothifoliyo eqongelayo yabantu abantu abasemabhange kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezimali e-ruble elilinganayo ekuqaleni kuka-2021 njengoba kufinyelelwa ama-ruble angama-32.8. Uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka owedlule, ukukhula kokonga kwezakhamizi emabhange kunciphise phansi kabili: kusuka ku-9,7 kuya ku-4.2% (ngokuchitshiyelwa kokuvuselelwa kwemali). Kuliqiniso, i-Central Bank ayicabangi izikweletu zika-Eskirow, imali lapho unyaka wenyuke khona ngama-ruble angaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-1.
Ukukhula kwemali kunciphise kwehle ngenxa yokuthi abantu baqala ukuthatha imali eningi (ivolumu yabo ekusakazekeni bakhuphuke ngama-ruble angama-2,8 ruble ngonyaka), kanye nokuya kwelinye amathuluzi ancishisiwe ngenxa yokubuyiselwa okuncishisiwe kuma-deposits, achaze maphakathi nendawo Ibhange. I-Brokerage Akhawunti yabatshalizimali abazimele, ngokwesibonelo, kusukela ngoJanuwari kuphela kuya ku-September angeze ama-ruble ayi-1.2 trillion.
Amanani anqabile kanye nokukhula kwamanani emali ekupheleni konyaka bekulindeleke ukuthi adlale ngokumelene nemakethe yediphozi, izifunda zezindela. Ngakho-ke, isilinganiso esilinganiselwe emabhange aphezulu ayi-10 ngosayizi wama-depits ngonyaka wehle kusuka ku-6.01 kuye ku-4.86% ngonyaka.
Mayelana nokuncishiswa kwemali engenayo, abaningi basuse ekusindiseni izindleko zabo ekusetshenzisweni kwamanje, kusho umqondisi wezilinganiso zamabhange "uchwepheshe uLyudmila Keltaein. Okubi ngenani lama-deposits kuthinte amazinga okukhula okuphezulu okubolekwa kwemalimboleko yempahla ebanjiswayo, kusho: Ingxenye yokonga yasetshenziswa kumagalelo okuqala kwimpahla ebanjiswayo, futhi igeleze ama-Escrow's Akhawunti ngesikhathi sokuthengwa kwezindlu.
Noma kunjalo, ukonga kusakhula, okubonisa ukulondolozwa kokuzethemba okukhulu kwamaRussia, isigodlo sezindela siyaqiniseka. Yize okunye kwalokhu kukhula kwaletha imali enkulukazi kuma-deposits, iyabona: ngesilinganiso esimaphakathi se-ruble esingama-4,8% ama-akhawunti wemali futhi sifunwa ama-akhawunti ngama-3.5% ukukhula.
Abadlali abakhulu futhi bebengazizwa bezwa ukwehla ekutholeni kwezakhamizi. E-SBERBank, imali ye-Fishetian yandiswa ngo-15.3% kuye kuma-ruble angama-15.7 ama-trillion ruble ngonyaka owedlule, wabika maphakathi noJanuwari. Ngaphandle kokuvuselelwa kwemali, ukukhula kunesizotha kancane, kepha futhi kuyabonakala ngenhla kwemakethe - 11.6%. ERaiffeisenBank, imali kuma-akhawunti (zombili zamanje neziphuthumayo) inyuke ngo-28%, inhloko yenjabulo yeklayenti kanye nokwenza imali kaCyril Mattewev.
Esikhundleni sokufaka imaliUkulondolozwa okusele emabhange ngonyaka owedlule kwathuthelwa - phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-akhawunti:
1. Ukusuka emalini e-ruble: ama-akhawunti wemali ngonyaka owedlule wehla ngo- $ 4,4 billion nge-dollar elilinganayo. Isisusa sokugcina imali ngohlobo lwemali siyancipha kancane kancane, sichaza abathengisi: "Amanani anjalo aseduze kwe-zero, kanye nenkambo yesifundo, okulindelwe okujwayelekile, nakulo nyaka ama-ruble kufanele athuthelwe ekuqiniseni. Ngaphansi kwale mibandela, akunangqondo ukubambelela kumadiphozithi wemali. " Manje abukho amadiphozithi amadola emakethe ngokubheja ngenhla kwe-0.8%, futhi kaningi amanani awedluli ku-0,5% ngonyaka.
Uma kungenjalo ukuphela konyaka, ama-akhawunti wemali angancipha kakhulu. NgoNovemba - Disemba, inani labantu lilethe imali yasebhange ngama- $ 4,6 billion. Ukuqiniswa kwe-ruble kuthinte ngalesi sikhathi, ama-vtimes achaza ochwepheshe. Ngokwengxenye ekukhuleni kokuthenga kungaletha futhi amabhonasi e-New Year abantu abahunyushelwe ngokushesha ngohlobo lwemali, kusho u-S & P WASTING Romani ukudoba.
2. Kusuka kumagagasi aphuthumayo kuma-akhawunti wamanje. I-Ruble Deposits ngonyaka owedlule incipha ngama-ruble angaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-1,6, kanti ama-akhawunti akhona angezwe ama-ruble angaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-3.2. Ama-Dynamics afanayo kanye nokonga imali: Imali ebekiwe yehle ngama- $ 12,8 billion, ama-akhawunti wamanje - akhuphuke ngo- $ 8.3 billion.
Ochwepheshe bachaza ukwanda kokuthandwa kwama-akhawuntini wamanje nokuqothulayo ngokulula kanye nethuba lokufinyelela ngokushesha imali. Uma ngaphambili amanani alokulahlwa kwalawo ma-akhawunti ayesezingeni eliphakeme eliseduze, manje alisekho ngaphansi kokufaka amanani efaka amanani, ngamathuba okuba nomnikazi we-akhawunti kangaka, kubonisa isigodlo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu manje lapho amanani ohlelweni ngokuvamile atholakala emlandweni minima, kepha kulindelwe ukuthi ngemuva kwesikhashana bazobuyela ekukhuleni, uyakwazi ukubona.
URaiffeisenbank ngonyaka odlule waphinde wabona ukugcwala kwemali yama-akhawunti aqongelelayo futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, amakhasimende agcwaliswe ngokugcwele ama-akhawunti wabathengisi, aqinisekisa iMatvevev.
I-inflation ekupheleni kuka-2020 yafinyelela phezulu kweminyaka emithathu yama-4.9% futhi yaqhubeka nokusheshisa ngoJanuwari, kubonisa abakwaMANDERYS. Uma ngoFebhuwari, ama-inflation azofika ku-5.5%, amabhange kungenzeka ukuthi aphakamise amanani ediphozithi ngisho nesilinganiso esingukhiye oqhubekayo ukugcina amakhasimende, uyakholelwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufunwa kwamabhange ku-liquidity kukhula ngenxa yokuthi uMnyango Wezezimali waqala ukuhoxisa imali ohlelweni lwasebhange, kuqhubeka nochwepheshe: Izinsalela zama-akhawunti akhe zancipha kusuka ku-2 trillion ama-ruble angaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-800. Ngenxa yalokhu, amabhange kwakufanele akhuphuke imali mboleko ebhange eliphakathi nendawo, kodwa noma kunjalo kuzofanela athathe indawo yezindlela zabantu nezinkampani ezilandiswayo, isigodlo sezindela siyaqiniseka.
Noma kunjalo, ukuthambekela okuyinhloko kudlule unyaka no-2021, abahlaziyi bathi. I-Kotorin ilinde ukugeleza kwemali kusuka kuma-akhawunti wamanje, kanye nomhlaziyi omkhulu we-NKR Agency eGor Lopatin - Yini ezoqhubeka ukugeleza emakethe yamasheya. Kepha ngeke kube nomthelela omkhulu emakethe, ngoba iminikelo ingenye yezindlela ezitholakala kakhulu, ezijwayelekile futhi ngasikhathi sinye ngezindlela zokugcina imali ezokutshala imali kubantu, uyagcizelela.
Inhloko yokuphathwa kwe- "Savings" VTB Maxim Podchikna yisikhundla esihlukile: Ukuphela kwegagasi lesibili le-pandemic kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo zezakhamizi kanye nebhizinisi ezingokoqobo ezintsha kuzoholela ekuziphatheni okuthe xaxa kokonga, Futhi-ke - ukwanda kokubekwa kwemali nokubuyiselwa emuva kokubuyiselwa emuva kusuka kuma-akhawunti aqongelelayo anikezwa ekukhisheni amagama abhalwe phansi. Futhi isikhundla esiqinile soMlawuli mayelana nesiphakamiso sabatshalizimali abangenakuqhathaniswa bemikhiqizo yokutshala imali eyinkimbinkimbi banciphisa le makethe futhi bazoholela ekubuyeni kwengxenye yezimali nama-akhawunti aqongelelayo, kuyakholelwa.