Omunye wabafundisi bezwe abahamba phambili, umqondisi we-General Education School No. 109 UJevgedy Yamburg ukhulume noMuscovite Mag ukuthi isikole akufanele sinqatshelwe ukuxoxa ngothisha ngemibono yabo yezepolitiki, njengezifundazwe Izikole zathola ubhubhane, futhi zatshela ngencwadi yakhe entsha ethi "ukukhonona kwalo lonke iRussia", isethulo esizobanjwa kuleli sonto kuleli bhuku elingelona elithi
Yini izikole nabafundi abaphendukela kuyo ibanga lesikhathi eside lokufunda ibanga?
Ngezinzuzo - okokuqala ngqa kokuqukethwe kwemfundo, abazali baqala ukuqonda, baqonda ukuthi kuhluke kanjani okuhlukile kulokho okwakukhona ngesikhathi sabo. Kepha akunakwenzeka ukukhuluma ngemiphumela enobunye, inqubo yokufunda ibanga ezweni yayingalingani kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokungalingani kwezinsiza.
Ngisho nangaphambi kobhubhane, i-Moscow E-School yangeniswa enhlokodolobha, futhi othisha baphoqeleka ukuba baqeqeshelwe ukuqeqeshwa, ukuze izikole zaseMoscow zilungele ibanga. Isibonelo, inombolo yethu yesikole 109 yakhipha amakhompyutha ngesoftware yasekhaya efakiwe ukuze izingane zingakwazi ukufunda ekhanda lomunye. Kepha ngisho nangomthombo onamandla kangaka, othisha beMoscow basebenzele usuku, umyeni wothisha osemusha wangibiza ngala mazwi: "Ubhubhisa umndeni, angikwazi ukufinyelela umkami!" Akukho Night! "
Futhi kwezinye izindawo, othisha bagijimela ekuseni ezindlini zabafundi, bashelela ngaphansi komnyango, kwathi kusihlwa baqoqwe. Kwelinye idolobhana, ingane ukuthola lo msebenzi, yakhuphuka embhoshongweni ngocingo futhi yabamba ukuxhumana, khona-ke umsebenzi owenziwa ngendlela efanayo. Wabamba amaphoyisa futhi wahlawulisa abazali ngokwephula umthetho. Kungaba ngcono ukuhlinzeka ngesikole nakho konke okudingekayo.
Ngabe lokhu kungalingani kwezinsiza kubonakala kanjani emholweni? EMoscow, umqondisi wesikole esikhulu ngenyanga athola ama-ruble ayisigidi nokuningi, ngenkathi uthisha osemusha eyizinkulungwane ezingama-45 kuphela. Futhi yini ezifundeni?
Ukungalingani kwezinsizakusebenza kungamaholo, kanye nokwesekwa kwezobuchwepheshe - kuya ngomnotho wesifunda, okhokha ezikoleni. Ngakho-ke, ngomsebenzi ofanayo, uthisha eBryansk uzokwamukela iholo elilodwa, eSt. Lokhu ukuntuleka komthetho. Othisha besikole eMoscow bangumholo ohlonishwayo - izinkulungwane ezingama-90-130, ezincwadini zezimali ezinkulu zemiholo ngokulandelana kobukhulu obuphakeme. Futhi lokhu kujwayelekile. Umqondisi weSikole esikhulu saseMoscow, esinamagatsha ayi-15, izakhiwo eziningi nezinkulungwane zabafundi, zithola njengenduna yenhlangano ebuthweni. Ngale ndlela, umqondisi namuhla akayona inkosi noNkulunkulu, esikoleni ngasinye kukhona izeluleko zemenenja nelungelo lokulawula ingxenye yezezimali. Angikwazi ukucelela wonke umuntu, kepha ngiyazi isikole, lapho ingxenye yomholo yemihlahlandlela isheshe isheshe ixhasa ngezimali lezo zinhlelo lapho kudingeka khona imali. Isibonelo, ukuphuma nohambo nohambo oludinga ukuthengwa kwezinto ezinjalo ezizobe zimpofu futhi zingakuvunyelwanga ngesikhathi samathenda, noma kuzofanela zilinde isikhathi eside. Kepha sekuvele ukuqala ukushayela imibuzo.
Ubhala encwadini yakho ukuthi impilo yomqondisi wesikole sasemakhaya ifana nesihogo.
Impilo yezikole esiFundazweni, kunjalo, ihlukile eMoscow. Nasi lesi simo - esikoleni sedolobhana, akukho peni eladedelwa ukuze lilungiswe, lesi sakhiwo sisesimweni esibi, izingane zabutha amabhodlela angenalutho edolobhaneni, idolobhana eliphuzayo, elidlulile. Umqondisi uthengise amajikijolo engadini yakhe. Upende othengwe ngemali ephikisiwe futhi wapenda i-facade. Ekupheleni kwehlobo, iKhomishini ifike ukuyobheka ukulungela kwesikole ngonyaka omusha wesikole, kodwa ayizange inikeze ipeni. Kunjani?
Ngibona inhlekelele entsha - ngaphansi kombuso wokuqinisa umthetho wokulwa nenkohlakalo iqala ukucindezela abaholi besikole.Noma kunesikole esifundeni, lapho umqondisi ukhula khona imifino ethengiswayo, izingane zisiza, ingane yomfundaze ikhokhwa kule mali, futhi zishayela kuhambo. Ngiyazi izikole ezi-stutic, lapho zifuna khona edolobheni: amakilasi mancane, nengane abanayo, imiphumela yinhle.
Kepha iningi labaqondisi ezifundazweni besaba ukuzimela kanye nokuhlolwa, njengoba kunoma yisiphi isimo kungenzeka ukuba necala. Esifundeni saseChelyabinsk, umqondisi wayesanda kuzithathela - ihhovisi lomshushisi lammangalela ngenkohliso namacala. Kwakungenjalo, wasebenzisa yonke imali esikoleni ...
Ngibona inhlekelele entsha - ngaphansi kombuso wokuqinisa umthetho wokulwa nenkohlakalo iqala ukucindezela abaholi besikole. Kuyadingeka ukuqasha izibalo zokulwa nenkohliso, nansi ihhovisi lomshushisi emhlabathini futhi laqala ukusebenzisa othishanhloko besikole, ngoba nenkohliso emzabalazweni omkhulu, kungenzeka ukuthi ukufumbathisa noma inhlamvu ukuthola.
Ukuguqulwa kweMoscow yezemfundo kwabonakala kunezinhloso ezinhle zokukhipha izikole ezihamba phambili ezingeni lezikole ezikhethekile zedolobha elikhulu. Kepha kwenzekani okuthile okungahambi kahle?
Kwakungacaci kuwo wonke umuntu ukuthi uhlelo lwemfundo yesikole se-Metropolitan esikoleni oludingekayo. Sinqume ukuqala ukuhlanganiswa kwezikole futhi sinamathisele izingadi zezingane kubo. Kepha baqala ukukwenza ngomshini, ukuze basindise izinsiza, ububi bebevame ukutholakala.
Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi ukuhlanganiswa ngokwako akukubi. Thatha okungenani imfundo eyengeziwe. Ngemuva kwakho konke, abazali kaningi ngenxa yezihloko ezikhulwini eziphambili azizange zivumele ingane embuthanweni noma engxenyeni ethandwayo. Lesi simo asinakwenzeka lapho yonke into ingaphansi kophahla olulodwa futhi yakhiwa kwinqubo eyodwa yokufunda. Ezinganeni eziningi kusuka endaweni yokubukwa komsebenzi kanye nekusasa, kuyimfundo eyengeziwe, ngokwesibonelo, umlingisi - inkundla yemidlalo lapho adlale khona esikoleni, noma i-physics yesikhathi esizayo yawela kangcono lapho ilungisa imoto. Kepha ukwakhiwa kwezikhungo zemfundo ezicatshangwe kahle zidinga ukulungiselela okungathi sína.
Ngendlela, mina, ngomunye wabokuqala ezweni, ngisho nangaphambi kokuguqulwa kweMoscow, wadala isikhungo semfundo, lapho kwakukhona enkulisa, isikole samabanga aphansi kanye nemfundo eyengeziwe. Futhi wakuthola ukululama okuningi ngakho. Kepha salungiselela othisha bethu ensimini iminyaka eminingi, futhi manje omunye umqondisi ufika engadini futhi abeke amaphiko abesenkulisa ohlelweni lokuqala lwekilasi. Futhi lokhu kungenakwenzeka ukwenziwa.
Akubona bonke, hhayi wonke umuntu, ngisho nezikole zeMoscow, zazilungele imfundo ebandakanyayo esetshenziswa kakhulu yiziphathimandla. Futhi hhayi kuphela kusukela ekubukeni kobukhona bokuba khona kwama-ramp, kodwa futhi nangokwengqondo, abazali abaningi nothisha abanakho ukuqonda, kungani kudingekile.
Ngiyaqiniseka ukuthi zonke izingane, zigula futhi ziphilile, kufanele zibe nethuba elilinganayo lokufunda. By the way, ngokusho kobudlelwano bezingane, futhi hhayi izibalo ezisemthethweni zoMnyango Wezempilo, izingane ezinempilo ngokuphelele eRussia zingaphansi kwe-12%.
Sabamba umhlaba umkhuba ekufakweni, kodwa, njengakho konke eRussia, kwaqala ukusetshenziswa endaweni eyodwa. Izikole ezikhethekile ezivalekile zezingane ezinezici zentuthuko. Ngicabanga ukuthi lokhu kuyicala. Ezikoleni ezejwayelekile, ezingalungiselelwe ukuthumela izingane ngokuxilongwa okukhulu. Ukufakwa kukhombisa umsebenzi ofanele wokulungiselela othisha nokwakha izinsiza ezinamandla, hhayi nje ukwenza irempu, ilifti kanye nendlu yangasese ekhubazekile. Kunabaqondisi ababili - bobabili ngoSepthemba kwadingeka ukuba babone izingane ezikhubazekile. Omunye wabutha izingane zesikole futhi wabuza: "Yimuphi kini osegumbini elimnyama ongadlala ngobumpumputhe, futhi ngubani osebumnyameni ongawufunda? Ekekho neyodwa. Kepha manje izingane zizofika kithina ezikwazi ukukwenza. " Futhi omunye umqondisi, isiwula, wathi: "Ngeke sibe nenkundla, ngoba yonke imali izohamba emigwaqweni nakwamanye amadivaysi awohloko." Ngokwemvelo, izingane zesikole ezintsha ezikhubazekile kulesi sikole sezivele zijabule. Ukufakwa kunemiphumela emihle yezemfundo yezingane ezinempilo, izinkinga zazo ngokumelene nosizi olukhulu lwangempela ziqala ukungazethembi. Ukufunda okuhlangene kubaluleke kakhulu, kepha kumele kutshalwe kancane kancane.
Kuthiwa kusukela ngonyaka we-1990s, isikole seke sayeka ukwenza imfundo futhi sikhawulelwe ekudlulisweni kwemininingwane, okuholele ekuweni kokuziphatha komphakathi. Ubuze obugcwele!Ngibe nemfundo ehlanganisiwe impilo yami yonke, ngenza inethiwekhi yezikole eRussia, "Sifunda," abasebenza ezibhedlela zezikhungo zezokwelapha zezingane ezinde, kubandakanya nabafana abanezifo ezibulalayo. Futhi bafunda ngokugqamile, bafuna ukufana nawo wonke umuntu, abanaboleka ngokweqile. Futhi izingane zami zesikole lapho njengezisebenzi zokuzithandela zisebenza.
Uthisha wakho wesikole, ongaziwa eMoscow, kodwa nje "njengesikole saseYamburg", aveze isikhundla sakho sezepolitiki ngaphandle kwenqubo yemfundo? Ingabe uphuthelwa uthisha uma uboshwe ngomhlangano ngokweseka ama-navyny ngokwesibonelo?
Uthisha ungumuntu ophilayo, unelungelo lokubuka kwakhe. Kepha akanalo ilungelo lokuphoqelela umbono wakhe kubafundi bakhe. Enye yama-nagalny, enye yavuma ukubukwa kwamaNazi, okwesithathu kungenye into, kepha akufanele kusakaze le mibono. Enye into ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukufihla noma yini ezinganeni, azihlali ngesikhala. Futhi izingane kumele zizwe amazwi ahlukene kanye namaphuzu ahlukile wokubuka. Ezikoleni ezithuthukayo, manje sekunezifundo ezibucayi: ngokwesibonelo, uthisha wezomlando unikeza umsebenzi ngesikhathi esithile sokuthola kwinethiwekhi (lapho imibono ye-Information Dump), kanye nengxoxo yenzeka esifundweni. Uthisha usebenza njengomengameli, eqinisekisa ukuthi izingane zesikole zifunde ukuhlukanisa iqiniso ngokonakala, baqonda ukuthi umbono kanye nokwahlulela bekungalingani nedatha ebhekwa njengento egqamile, futhi mhlawumbe nento ebaluleke kakhulu ukutadisha Isiko lengxoxo futhi alinqamuki ngobuntu. Umlobi noPhilosopher Gregory Pomeranz, enganginodumo ngibe ngabangane, wabhala ukuthi indlela yokuphikisana ibaluleke kakhulu kunempikiswano uqobo.
Njengaphambi kwesimo nge-Navalny, kunjalo, kwakukhona izinkombandlela ezivela phezulu, ukuze izingane zesikole zingahambi imibuthano, kwasungulwa izindaba ezingamanga ukuthi ukuphikiswa kudinga ukuthi izingane zidinga ukubhikisha. Kepha okushiwoyo okuthe xaxa kwamandla kudale kuphela isikhangiso sokuphikiswa - isithelo esenqatshelwe samaswidi.
Ngokwami, ngikholwa ukuthi izingane ngemibuthano akunakwenza lutho, kodwa ngeke ngikhonkotha uthisha ozoya kuye, noma kunalokho, engasaxoxi. Kunothisha onjalo esikoleni sethu.
Izihloko ezivinjelwe esikoleni: Ngabe uyayithanda isazi-mlando, ngabe ukhuluma ngabafundi mayelana ne-cannibalism eBlockade Leningrad noma udlame kanye ne-mrajdity yamasosha aseSoviet ngesikhathi sempi?
Sidinga ukuxoxa konke nezingane. Cha futhi ayikwazi ukuvalwa izihloko. Lapho sikhuluma ngokweqiniso, awulahlekelwa inhlonipho nokuzethemba kwezingane, khona-ke sizosilalela.
Impi yinto enzima kunazo zonke into, kunobuqhawe nobuqhawe, nokusho, nokungcola. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngithanda uSimonone naye "ngilindele mina", ngakolunye uhlangothi, inkondlo kadokotela wakwa-Israyeli we-Ion imali, abangazange bayibheke njengezinkondlo zakhe, yize izinkondlo zakhe zazazi phakathi kwayo futhi zabhala izinkulungwane zalo Amasosha aseSoviet:
Umlingani wami ekubuhlungu kokufa.
Ungabizi abangane.
Nikeza okungcono kwe-sogray Palm I
Ngaphezulu kokunyathela igazi lakho.
Awukhali, hhayi ihlazo, awumuncane,
Awulimele, uvele wabulawa.
Ake ngisuse amabhuzu kuwe.
Kusamele size.
Futhi leli liyiqiniso ngempi. Ngokuqondene ne-leningrad ye-blockade, okungukuthi, idayari engadingeki engadingekile, lapho lonke leli qiniso elinzima, kanye nezingane ezigcwele zabaphathi ezinkulu, ezihlekisa ngezicelo zazo, izicelo zeBlockadic. Lokhu kuyiqiniso lempilo. Cha - noma, futhi - futhi. Umsebenzi wethu ukufundisa ingane ukuthuthukisa induku yangaphakathi, hhayi ukuba yisisulu sokukhohlisa okuqondiswe ebuntwini obuhlukanisayo.
Incwadi yakho entsha "Ukuqothuka kwayo yonke iRussia", kubhalwe ngesikhathi sobhubhane, umshicileli kaBoslen uveza ukuthi i-non / ficto№22 fair, okuzoba nguMashi 24 kuya ku-28 e "inkantolo ephilayo". Uyini le ncwadi?
"Ukubuyiselwa kwemali yalo lonke iRussia" akusona owokuqala kwento yami eshicilelwe, kepha kunomuzwa wokuthi impilo yami yonke ngibhala incwadi efanayo. Futhi okulandelayo ngakunye kungukuqhubeka kwengxoxo mayelana "nesayensi engcwele - ukuzwana." Lokhu, kunjalo, hhayi kuphela ngeCoronavirus, okuthunyelwa egameni, kumayelana nokuthi kithina, abantu abadala abahlala endaweni edidekile, futhi kubalulekile ukuqonda othisha babo, futhi kubhekiswe kothisha ngomqondo obanzi Kuleli gama, abazali nabo, othisha.
Ngizonikeza isibonelo: Kunenganekwane eqinile yokuthi kusukela kuma-90s ekhulu leminyaka elidlule, lesi sikole sesiphelile ukwenza ezemfundo futhi sinqunyelwe ekudluliseleni kwemininingwane yomphakathi waseRussia. Okungenangqondo okugcwele. Isikole asikaze siyeke ukuzibandakanya emfundweni. Yini esiyiye sayeka izingane eziholela ekuhambeni ngezinyawo, noma sabeka imincintiswano yezemidlalo, noma sihlele imincintiswano? Kepha umbono uphume ngenqubo yezemfundo. Futhi lokhu kuhle, kuMthethosisekelo weRussia Federation (ngisho nakuhlobo lwayo olusha) Kubhaliwe ukuthi isikole asikwazi ukuqeda noma yimuphi umbono.
Iziphathimandla, lapho zithi kubalulekile ukubandakanya ezemfundo, zithathe imiqondo ethile futhi ngaphansi kombuso wezemfundo futhi zibeka umbono, futhi kuyadingeka ukusiza ingane ukuba ihlele ukubuka komhlaba. Izwe lethu lihlukile, bobabili amakholwa, nabakholelwa ukuthi uNkulunkulu ukhona, kanye nabamele amahlelo ahlukahlukene, abantu abavuma izinkolelo ezahlukahlukene bahlala kuyo. Futhi abasekeli bembiza yothisha oyinhloko esikoleni - i-Orthodox Voiruk.
Okunye ukweqisa yinkolelo yokuthi ukudilizwa kwedijithali kuzosisindisa ngakho-ke, isilinganiso sezifundo zesikhathi esigcwele, sihumusha wonke umuntu ku-inthanethi. Kufana nekholera elwa nesifo, zombili azinangqondo. Futhi kusuka kwidijithali ngeke siphume noma kuphi, futhi ukudilizwa kwedijithali ngeke kuthathwe uthisha ophilayo. Imisebenzi yokuqeqesha ingenziwa ku-inthanethi ukwenza uthisha akhululeke isikhathi esifundweni ukuze axoxe ngezincazelo namagugu esiko, into esemqoka edinga ukungeniswa emehlweni.
Ingabe isilinganiso sezincwadi zezincwadi eziqondayo zidingeka nge-muscovite ephakathi?
Lapha, bathi, akekho odinga izincwadi ezinkulu. Ungakholelwa. Mina uqobo, ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho ngishiya lokhu kulungile ngesikhwama sezincwadi bese ngibona inombolo enkulu, isixuku sabantu, ngibona ozakwethu, futhi kuyisimanga emphefumulweni. Ngokusobala, emphakathini kukhona okuphoqiwe kwezincwadi ezijulile. Yebo, uma sikhuluma ngekhono eliphambili lothisha, khona-ke leli khono ngokwakhe lifunda ngokungapheli. Futhi ngaphandle kwezincwadi akunakwenzeka.
Photo: Vladimir Trefilov / Mia "Russia Namuhla"