"IViveyaz on the Crossroads" isithombe esidumile asimane nje sembule enye indaba, abaziphatha yi-connoisseur yaseRussia Folklore Viktor Vasnetov, kodwa futhi iba ngumphumela wemisebenzi yomculi, ekhombisa ikhono lakhe eliphakeme kakhulu.
UViktor Mikhailovich Vasnetovich Vasnetov angizange ngishayele nje umdwebi omkhulu waseRussia, kodwa futhi nomculi "omuhle" ngempela. Amabhulashi akhe angewo imidwebo eminingi evula iziza zezinganekwane zabantu abalungile kanye ne-epic, ngokwesibonelo, isithombe se- "Bogatyryry". Anengqondo futhi ekhangayo kangangokuba umbukeli wabhapathizwa ngokoqobo emkhathini wobungcweti. Yini engabonakala ku- "viyaya emaphethelweni"? Yiziphi izinhlamvu ezihlangene nezithombe ezifihliwe ezisebenzisa umdwebi wezinhlungu?
Ukwakha isithombe esithi "Vintaz on the Crossroads"
KuViktor Mikhailovich Vasnetov, ama-70s wekhulu le-XIX aba isibonakaliso, ngisho nenguquko yokuguqula ubuhlakani. Uma ngaphambi kokusebenzisa iziza ezingokoqobo nezithombe zemidwebo yakhe, khona-ke ngalesi sikhathi nginquma ukuya endleleni entsha ngokuphelele. Umdwebi wafuna ukukhombisa izinganekwane zaseRussia emisebenzini yakhe, ama-epics adumile nezinganekwane, adume ngawo wonke amaqhawe neziza.
Ngalesi sikhathi, umdwebi uqala umsebenzi emidwebo eya ku- "vithazu emaphethelweni." Imidwebo yokuqala ivele ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-1870. Ngo-1877, uVasnetsov wabhala i-Etude "iqhatha eliyisigqoko esihlolisweni." I-Sportsman yesithombe seqhawe lasebenza njengomfowethu omncane womdwebi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inguqulo yokuqala yesithombe yaqedwa.
Izinketho Zezithombe
Ngo-1878, "iViveyaz on the Crossroads" livela embukisweni weselula. Kepha, njengoMdali weqiniso, uVasnesetson akazange abone kuphela izici emsebenzini wazo, kodwa futhi namaphutha amaningi. Ungena njalo imininingwane ethile, ethuthukisa i-canvas, nenguqulo yokugcina ye- "vintaz kuma-crossroads" avele ngo-1882.
Umculo waseRussia nokugxeka kwezobuciko uVladimir Stasov wabonga kakhulu ukwakhiwa kweVasnetov. Umdwebi encwadini kuye wayala ukuthi wasebenzisa umlando we-epic e-classic etsheni.
Kuliqiniso, akubonakali ngokuphelele, kepha umdwebi osemyalweni wakhe wembula umbono wakhe wonke:
"Kulotshwe etsheni:" Akukanani ongaphili - angihlali - ayikho indlela yokungenzi indlela yokudlula noma ukudlula, noma ithikithi. " Ukulandela okunye: "Ukuqondiswa kweDuhaty kushade nokuphila; Kwesobunxele kwesobunxele kucebile empilweni, "abonakali etsheni, ngacasha ngaphansi kuka-moss ngaphela. Imibhalo yalokhu ngithola emtapweni wezincwadi womphakathi ngosizo lwakho lomusa. "Benginesifiso sokuguqulwa kwesithombe ngokwaso njengoba kudalwa izinketho ezintsha. Ezinguqulweni zokuqala, iVivethaz iphendukela ebukeli. Izinketho ezalandela zibonisa kithi ukwenza lula ukwakheka. Lona kanye lo mfanekiso wempi uzuza okuthile, kuba okubaluleke kakhulu. Into eyabonakala ngayo iVasnetov, yaba ngumgwaqo obonakala kuphela ezinguqulweni zokuqala zendalo.
Incazelo yesithombe Vasnetov
Uma ubheka isithombe esithi "Ngakwesokudla kuya ezimpambanweni", unake ngokushesha ukutholakala kweqhawe. Phambi kwethu kuyi-bogatyyr, kuncipha ehhashini elimhlophe elimnandi, ngokungangabazeki okuyisihlobo sakhe esithembekile emaphandleni nasezimpini.
Wonke umthamo womgibeli uveza ukucabanga. Akumangazi, ngoba wema phambi kwetshe lokuphamba lapho kwabhalwa khona umbhalo wasendulo we-forklore.
Kungabonakala ukuthi leli tshe elidala, selivele lalikulezi zindawo isikhathi eside. Kusobala ukuthi lowo ozoqhubeka nokunamathela esiqondisweni esiqondile ngeke aphile.
"Ungahlali kangaki - angihlali - angihlali - ayikho indlela yokungenzi noma idlulile, noma ithikithi," kusho umbhalo etsheni.
Ngaphandle kokungabaza, uVivethaz uqonda ubucayi obungathi sína ngesixwayiso esinjalo, kodwa kuyaphoqeleka ukuba baqhubeke ngendlela yakhe. Kubukeka sengathi ngemuva komzuzwana, amahhashi amhlophe amhlophe qhwa, umgibeli azoqonda esihlalweni. Noma kunjalo, i-pose of heroist ikhuluma ngokukhathala kwakhe. Kungenzeka ukuthi kungani acabanga futhi ehamba kancane, abuthana namabutho.
Kodwa-ke, kuyabonakala futhi ihhashi lakhe. I-mane nomsila wakhe abayona intokozo, futhi isilwane uqobo asinakukhathala kunomnikazi wakhe. Kepha naphezu kwalokhu, ukuzimisela okuthile kwangaphakathi kuzwakala kuma-silhouette awo aphelelwe amandla - umoya wawo awazi ukukhathala nokwehla.
Ngifuna ukuqaphela okuthile komphefumulo wehhashi nomgibeli. Isilwane esihle kakhulu, uma kunesidingo, isizinda esiyiqhawe kunoma iyiphi indawo, kepha manje ihhashi labelana ngokugcwele isimo somnikazi wakhe.
Kuyaphawulwa ukuthi iVityaz ilungiselelwe ngokuphelele - iseduze kokuvalwa kokulwa kwakhe ngokulengiswa isihlangu, ongqongqozayo unamathiselwe ebhelini, elihlotshiswe ngezinto zokuhlobisa. Kuyabonakala ukuthi igcwele imicibisholo, okusho ukuthi iqhawe iyazi ukuthi yini edingekayo ukuze ube nempi enzima nende.
I-boulava enkulu ilenga ohlangothini, nakwesokunene seqhawe, umkhonto obukhali obude. Isandla se-viyamane kalula futhi ngaphandle kwengxabano simnciphise - unesiqiniseko sokuqiniseka, okuyinto enhle kakhulu empini.
UVictor Vasnetov - upende we-master "we-paints", futhi "eVityAz e-Crossroad", lokhu kuyazizwa kakhulu. Eduze kweqhawe eliyinhloko le-canvas, izidumbu zabantu ziyabonakala, lapho kudwengulwa khona. Ngaphezulu kwakhe kuyisibhakabhaka esinamandla selanga, futhi esingafanekisela izehlakalo ezijabulisayo.
Ngaphandle kokungabaza, iVivethaz ithunyelwa ngendlela eyingozi kakhulu. Umdwebi udala kahle isimo esicindezelayo esicindezelayo sendawo lapho umlingiswa wakhe ukhona.
"IViveyaz on the Crossroads" - isithombe seViktor Vasnetov, esathola kufanele udumo. Ibonisa elinye lama-epic ajwayelekile neziza ezinhle, kepha lesi akusona isiqephu nje esivela ku-Slavic Folklore.
Umdwebi osukwini lwakhe eqhubeni amandla ne-valor yamaqhawe aseRussia, elungele ukuxabana nomuntu ophikisana naye ongaziwa futhi obulalayo. IVinasha lakhe alifuni impi, nokho, ukuvikela umhlaba wakhe wendabuko, usekulungele ukuqhubeka, naphezu kwezingqinamba ezibi nezixwayiso.