Lolu cwaningo lusekelwa uxhaso lwe-Russian Science Foundation (RNF) futhi lwashicilelwa ku-Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics Magazine. I-physics yanamuhla amashumishumi eminyaka izama ukuthola uhlobo lwenye yezinhlayiya ze-sugatomic ezingenangqondo - i-neutrino.
Ngokokuqala ngqa, i-Particle yabonakala ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, lapho kukhishwa ukusabela kokubola kwe-beta (i-elektroni noma i-positron), ososayensi bathola ukuthi inani lamandla ngaphambi kokuba lihlanganyele, okungukuthi, umthetho wayo wokongiwa kwazo awuthobelwanga. Lapho-ke isazi sesayensi ye-Swiss Wolfgant Pauli siphakamise ukuthi kunezinhlayiya ezithile eziphatha ingxenye yamandla nazo.
Ngokuhlola, le hypothesis yaqinisekiswa kuphela ngemuva kweminyaka engama-23. Ekuqaleni, lezi zinhlayiya zazifuna ukubizwa ngama-neutrons, njengoba zithathwa ngugesi, kepha leli gama selivele limatasa. Izinhlayiya zabizwa ngokuthi "uNeutrino" - kusukela ku-Italian "Neutron". Ukufundwa okwengeziwe kwe-neutrino nososayensi banamuhla kungasiza ukuqonda uhlobo lwendaba, imininingwane eminingi yokuqhuma kwezinkanyezi kanye nokwakheka kwendawo yonke. Abaphenyi bakholelwa ukuthi endaweni yonke inani le ndaba likhona ngenani le-antimatter, kanti uNeutrino uzokusiza ukuchaza imbangela yalokhu kungalingani.
I-Lithium Tungsten Amakristalu Single Single, Ingxenye Esetshenziselwe I-Molybdenum, lapho kuzokwenziwa khona ama-bolometers ukutadisha izinqubo zokuhlakazeka okubumbene nama-neutrinos / Inx
Kunabahlaseli mayelana nokuthi yiliphi iqembu lezinhlayiya ezifaka ne-neutrinos. Uma sicabanga ukuthi baseqenjini lezinhlayiya zaseMalorani, okungukuthi, zingama-antipartes uqobo, ososayensi banethuba lokubona uhlobo olungavamile lokubola kwe-beta - i-peta-deboy ngaphandle kwe-neutrino. Kulokhu, ama-neutrons amabili angadlulisela ukubola kwe-beta ndawonye, ukuze uNeutrino okhishwe yi-neutron eyodwa ngokushesha amunwa enye i-neutron. Ukubola kwe-beta okunjalo akukakabonwa, ngakho ososayensi banamuhla bakhuthalwa ekuthuthukisweni kwamathuluzi okulandela umkhondo wezehlakalo.
Ama-bolometers asetshenziselwa ukubheka ukubolekisa kwe-beta (amadivaysi okulinganisa amandla emisebe) enziwe ngamakristalu aphezulu okuhlanza akhipha ukukhanya lapho edonsa imisebe. Enye yezinto zokuthembisa zokwakha ama-bolometers yizincazelo ze-molybdates zamaqembu okuqala nawesibili ethebula le-mendeleev, ikakhulukazi i-lithium molybdate (li2moo4).
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-alkali kanye ne-alkali kanye alkali, ama-molybdates kanye nama-tungsten asetshenziselwa ukutadisha ukusakazwa okubumbene abumbene nalo ku-nuclei, okukuvumela ukuthi uthole imininingwane ekwakhekeni kwe-NORTS, kanye ingasetshenziswa ukuqapha ukuphendula kwenukliya. Ama-molybdate aqiniswe yi-lithium-tensissin aqukethe izinto ezisindayo (molybdenum ne-tungsten), ngenxa yokuthi isigaba sesiphambano (amathuba okuxhumana) wokuhlakazeka okubumbene abumbene kwe-neutrino kwandisiwe.
Ososayensi be-Institute of Inorganic Chemistry baqanjwe ngo-A. V. Nikolaev SB RAS (INH; i-Novosibirsk) yathuthukisa indlela yokukhula okusha kwe-tungsten molybdenum futhi yafunda izakhiwo zazo ze-thermodynamic. Amakristalu angashadi atshalwa esebenzisa indlela ephansi ye-CZcrulky, lapho ukukhula kwenzeka emazingeni okushisa aphansi (ngaphansi kwesilinganiso esisodwa).
Ngokusekelwe kumaphethini we-physicochemical, ababhali balo msebenzi bahlela izinkomba lapho izakhiwo ezisebenzayo zamakristalu zidinga ukwenziwa ngcono. Isibonelo, phakathi nezifundo, izixhumanisi eziphakathi kwamandla amakristalu afundwayo kanye nokuthambekela okukhanyayo kwatholakala, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukubikezela ukuqondiswa kwezinguquko zezakhiwo ze-luminescent futhi kukhule amakristalu athile azokwethembisa amasha. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokungeza ezinye izinto eTungsten-Molybdate Lithium Tungsten.
"Usebenzisa lezi zinhlamvu ezizodwa, kuzokwenzeka ukufeza izivivinyo ngamakhilogremu amakristalu azodwa, hhayi ngamathani. Njengoba sekuphawuliwe, ukubola kwe-beta okuphindwe kabili okuphindwe kabili kungakabonwa, futhi uhlobo lokuhlakazeka okubumbene kwe-neutrino atomic nuclei futhi aluqondakali kahle.
Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kwezinto zokwakha umhlaba wonke, umsebenzi ukudala izinto eziningi zokuhlanza ubumsulwa ngokwengeziwe futhi utadishe izakhiwo ezisebenzayo ngokuningiliziwe, "kusho uNata Matkevich, odokotela besayensi yamakhemikhali, umphathi wephrojekthi weSibonelelo se-RNF, umcwaningi ohola i-Laborator ye I-Thermodynamics yezinto zokusebenza ze-inorganic ze-Institute of Inorganic Chemistry egama lingu-A. V. Nikolaev SB RAS.
Umthombo: Isayensi Enqunu