UMkhandlu Wombuso owawubale iminyaka engu-15 ngaphansi kokuboshwa ngenxa yokulwa nempi yezempi, futhi waba yiNobel Laureate, kepha alahlekelwe inhlonipho ngenxa yokuphikwa kokuqothulwa kwezwe.
NgoFebhuwari 1, amasosha uJunta Myanmar ahlela ukuba amasosha enhloko-dolobha yaseNapyido: wabopha uMongameli weWiin's Wines, kanye nomholi wombuso aun sud sud Sud Su Gi Ji. Le nqubomgomo inesiphetho esingajwayelekile: ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-1990s, walwa nobushiqela bezempi eMyanmar, obanjwe ngayo ngaphansi kweminyaka eyi-15. I-San Sud yaba usopolitiki wokuqala ezweni kanye neqhawe eNtshonalanga ngenxa yesifiso sentando yeningi: waqhathaniswa noNelson Mandela, uLuc Besson wakhipha ifilimu lakhe ngendaba yakhe, futhi u-U2 wabhala Ingoma.
Kepha konke kwashintsha lapho i-su su su encoma khona ukuqaphela ukubulawa kwabantu kumaSulumane eMyanmar - Osopolitiki baseNtshonalanga bafulathela nemiklomelo yakhe ekhethiwe. Manje umsebenzi wakhe wezepolitiki wavimbela ikhefu lezempi ngenxa kusolwa ngemiphumela egunyaziwe yokhetho lwePhalamende.
Umkhandlu wombuso oboshiwe walwelwa ngentando yeningi - futhi ngoba wavele waboshwa iminyaka engu-15
Aun san su zhi - Indodakazi yalowo obulawa jikelele futhi ilwele ukuzimela kwe-myanmar aun sana kanye nenxusa lezwe eNdiya kuKhin Zhi. Usopolitiki wesikhathi esizayo wafunda e-Oxford futhi wahlala nomyeni wakhe nezingane ezimbili e-UK, wabuyela eMyanmar ngo-1988 ukunakekela umama ogulayo - khona-ke imihlambi yaqala ngemfuneko yentando yeningi. I-San Sud yaba ubuso bemibhikisho ebhekene nabaphathi bezempi, bakhuthaza umbono wemibuthano enokuthula ukufeza ukhetho lwamahhala - ngasikhathi sinye, wasungula iqembu "National League ngentando yeningi".
Kwase kukhuphuke ezweni, futhi iziphathimandla zathola ezempi, zicindezela kabi imibhikisho. Ngo-1989, i-su su yathunyelwa ngaphansi kokuboshwa kwendlu, ihambisa inkululeko yakhe uma iphuma ezweni, kepha wenqaba. Ngemuva konyaka, okhethweni, iphathi yenkululeko "yentando yeningi yathola ama-80% wezindawo ePhalamende, kepha amasosha anqabile ukudlulisa amandla.
Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-1990s, wathola imiklomelo emibili yokuvikela amalungelo abantu ngasikhathi sinye: I-European Commission yethule umklomelo weSakharov, futhi i-UN ngumklomelo womhlaba weNobel. Ngo-1995, ezombusazwe zadedelwa, kepha ukuboshwa njalo ngenxa yokushayisana kwezintshisekelo ngezempi uJunta akazange ayeke kuze kube ngu-2010 - iminyaka engu-15 eboshwe ngendlu. Ngokukhululwa kanye nokusungulwa kobudlelwano phakathi kwe-SU Su kanye neziphathimandla zasiza i-UN.
Ngo-2012, iqembu lentando yeningi leSan Rud lihlanganyele okhethweni ePhalamende - wabe esevunyelwa okokuqala ukukhuluma kuthelevishini yomphakathi. Usopolitiki waqhubeka nokugcizelela ukuqedwa 'kwemithetho ecindezelayo', ukusungulwa kwenkululeko yezakhamizi nasezinkantolo ezithembekile. I-San Sud iye yagxeka izenzo zempi yezempi, kepha le ngxenye yenkulumo yahlolwa. I- "National League ngentando yeningi" yanqoba izifunda ezingama-43 ukusuka ku-45, kanti iSan su iba yisekela lePhalamende elingaphansi.
Ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu, iqembu lanqoba ukhetho kuwo womabili amakamelo ePhalamende, ethatha iningi lezindawo. Ngokomthetho, ikota yezindawo esegunyeni lomthetho sabelwa empini, eyayivumela ukuba bahlanganyele empilweni yezepolitiki yezwe naphezu kwesinqumo sezakhamizi. Amasosha athule amandla eqembu lentando yeningi.
Ngo-2016, i-su su su yanqunyelwa eposini likaNgqongqoshe Wezangaphandle kanye noMkhandlu wombuso waseMyanmar (u-analogue kaNdunankulu). Wayengeke abe ngumongameli, ngoba umyeni wakhe ungumBrithani, okuwumkhawulo emithethweni yendawo. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, iSan su yaba ngumholi uMianma.
Ukunakwa kosopolitiki baseNtshonalanga kuboshwe ku-su su, uBarack Obama wakubiza ngokuthi "I-Lighlight of Houmpeli abantu abayizigidi ezingama-50 abafuna ubulungiswa. Ngemuva kokukhululwa kwakhe, uHillary Clinton wahlangana nosopolitiki, ephawula ukuthi lokhu kungaba yisinyathelo sokusungula ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-United States naseMyanmar. Waba lona wesibili ekhuluma emakamelweni ePhalamende laseBrithani. ICanada ikhiphe iSan su Hononorary Citizenbary, futhi eParis, babeka nesakhamuzi esihlonishwayo. Ipolitiki yaqhathaniswa kaninginingi noNelson Mandela - enye yezimpi ezaziwa kakhulu zamalungelo abantu.
I-San Sud futhi yaba ubuso beMyanmar ekuPoplotu - U-U2 wabhala ngokuhamba ngengoma yakhe, futhi uLuc Besson wasusa ifilimu "yentokazi". Ngo-2012, iFrance yaletha umklomelo wenqubomgomo yokuhleleka kweLegion ehlonishwayo, nasemadolobheni amaningana e-Great Britain - Umklomelo Wenkululeko.
Idumela le-fightacy yentando yeningi sana sawa ngemuva kokwenqaba ukuqaphela ukubulawa kwabantu baseMyanmar
Idumela leSu Su eNtshonalanga inyakaziswa ngokuqinile ngo-2019, lapho enqaba ukumangalelwa kwe-UN ekuqothulweni kohlanga amaSulumane eMyanmar. Ukushushiswa kwamaSulumane Roukhinja ezweni kukhulume kudala - amancane aphikiswa, ahlala emakamu, angenakubalwa yisakhamuzi ngezempi junta. I-UN idale umsebenzi okhethekile wokubhekana nezinkinga zabasebenzi baseRakhaine, kusukela ngo-2016 kubiza uhulumeni ukuthi aqale ukuxazulula izinkinga esifundeni.
Ngo-2017, eRakhayn, lapho cishe izimpilo zeRokhinja zihlala izimpilo, ukungqubuzana kwanda - abavukeli bahlasela esiteshini samaphoyisa. Ngesikhathi sokushayisana, abantu ababalelwa ku-70 babulawa, kubandakanya nabasebenzi bezokuphepha abayi-12. Ukuxabana iminyaka eminingana, ukuxabana kwaphoqa cishe izinkulungwane ezingama-730 Rokhinja ukubalekela eBangladesh - ekamu lababaleki elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni.
Ababaleki batshelwa ukuthi amabutho kahulumeni abulala uRokhinja futhi ashisa amadolobhana wonke, aphonsa amabhomu kuwo angxubevange enopheya ezinophephela emhlane. NgokukaRohintJ, amasosha adlwengule abesifazane futhi anamaphutha asebekhulile. Udlame olubhekiswe kuMuslim Minity Myanmar luqinisekiswe yizempi. Bathe iziphathimandla ziyale "ukubulala wonke umuntu oyibonayo, kungaba yizingane noma abantu abadala" - Amashumi obuhlobo angcwatshwe emathuneni angaphezulu, okwakuqinisekiswa yibandawo.
Inhlangano "Odokotela ngaphandle kwemingcele", ngokusho kobufakazi bababaleki, kulinganiselwa ukuthi yinyanga kuphela ngonyaka we-2017, kwadutshulwa amabutho acishe ashiswe ama-6700 rohinja asendlini, kubandakanya nezingane ezingama-730. Akunakwenzeka ukuba kubizwe inani eliqondile labantu ababulewe, njengoba iziphathimandla zifinyelela umdlavuza. Cishe amadolobhana angama-200 esifundeni abhujiswe ngokuphelele.
Kodwa-ke, ama-junta ezempi kanye nabameleli beqembu elibusayo "Iligi Kazwelonke lentando yeningi" lenqabe amacala. Iziphathimandla zathi phakathi kukaRokhinzha kunabashokobezi abaningi, futhi "amaSulumane ngokwawo abulala abantu bawo." Imizana eshisiwe yeziphathimandla yachazwa ngokuthi uRokunja kungenzeka ukuthi wawachitha amakhaya abo ngokwawo ukuze bazwelane nomphakathi wamazwe omhlaba.
Ngo-2019, i-UN ibize ukuthi kwenzakalani eRakhain "Ukuqothulwa kohlanga" kwabancane abangamaSulumane. ENkantolo Yezinkantolo ZaseHan San Sud yenqabile ukumangalelwa, isekela ngokugcwele isikhundla seMyanmar yezempi. Usopolitiki washo ukuthi amasosha angasebenzisa "amandla angenakuphikwa" ezindaweni, futhi, mhlawumbe, "hhayi ahlukaniswe ngokusobala" amavukelambupho asekhaya asekhaya.
Ngokusho kweSan su, okwenzekayo eRakhaine "indawo yokuhlanza abavukeli noma amaphekula." Usopolitiki waphawula ukuthi "uma kwenziwa ubugebengu bempi, bayoshushiswa ohlelweni lwethu lwezempi." Ngo-2020, inkantolo ye-UN yayalela uMyanmar ukuba avikele iRokhhnjwa.
Isikhundla se-SU Su esimweni sokuqothulwa kohlanga esidumaze umphakathi wamazwe omhlaba, olwabhekwa ngokulwa kwalo ngokulingana nentando yeningi. ICanada neFrance bamphuca isihloko sakhe sesakhamuzi esihlonishwayo, kanye ne-United Kingdom - imiklomelo eyisikhombisa ikhishwe "ukumelana nokuthula lapho kubhekene nokucindezelwa."
Abavikeli abavikelekile be-SU Su basikisela ukuthi osopolitiki abavikeli i-rokhinja ngenxa yengcindezi yezempi kuhulumeni. Kuyaphawulwa futhi ukuthi iningi lamaBuddha ezweni libheka abancane abangamaSulumane nabafuduki ngokungemthetho, futhi ukusekelwa kwabo kungamlahlekisela umsebenzi wezepolitiki, owanikezwa ngobunzima obukhulu.
I-New Military Coup
Ukulahlwa kweNtshonalanga akuzange kube yinkinga yokugcina ekwenzeni umsebenzi wezepolitiki we-San San su. NgoNovemba 2020, kwaqhutshwa ukhetho lwePhalamende eMyanmar, lapho iqembu elibusayo liphinde lunqotshwe khona. I- "National League ngentando yeningi" ithole izindawo ezingama-396 ukusuka ku-476, futhi i-balt yezempi yathola izindawo ezingama-33 kuphela ePhalamende. Lapho-ke amasosha uJunta amemezele amanga okhethweni, kodwa ngoJanuwari 29, 2021, ikhomishini yezokhetho ye-Electoral yenqabe izinsolo.
I-MYANAR EMINIME REMANMAR YAMAN 2011 UMin Hlain, okungenzeka ukuthi ebambe iqhaza ekuqothulweni kohlanga, wathukuthela ngesinqumo seKhomishini, esho ukuthi uma umthetho-sisekelo wezwe ungahlonishwa khona osopolitiki, kudingeka ukuthi kukhanselwe. Kumagama amasosha athuthelwe esenzweni - ngoFebhuwari 1 emahoreni ambalwa ngaphambi komhlangano wokuqala wePhalamende wale gama elisha abawabonge uMongameli we-MyAnmar win of Miin neSan Sud namalungu e-Democratic Party.
Amandla anikezwa ngaphezulu kwe-zloin mini, futhi abuye amemezele isimo esiphuthumayo unyaka. Ngemuva kokuvalelwa kwewayini kaMiin neSan su kuphetha ithelevishini yombuso wokusakaza umbuso, izinkinga zokuxhumana ne-Intanethi zaqashelwa, amabhange amiswa ngosuku. Enhlokodolobha, izindawo zokuhlola ezempi, izimoto ezinamasosha zihamba emigwaqweni.
Iqembu libize abakhileyo eMyanmar, ababekezeleli nge-coup yezempi bese beya kwimibhikisho. Abasekeli beqembu besaba ukuthi okwenzekayo kungabuyisela izwe ebukhosini bempi. "Iminyango ivele yavulela enye, cishe ngokuqinisekile ikusasa elimnyama ngokwengeziwe," kusho isazi-mlando uTan Mient-y.
UMin Aun Hlain wayengaya ekhuleni yamasosha hhayi ngenxa yokuqanjwa kokhetho, njengoba ememezela, futhi ngenxa yokungabaza ukuze athathe umhlalaphansi ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, umqondisi weLondon Human Rights Burma Campaign UK Marm CHARD uyakholelwa. OwayenguMnyango Wezepolitiki waseMyanmar nenhloko yesikhungo sokuhlaziya saseYangon Khin Zau Vosv baphawula ukuthi amasosha walindela, kepha akakwazanga ukukuxazulula ngokuxoxisana ngamaqembu abusayo nawompi. "Lesi ukuphela kwe-coup engavinjelwa kwezepolitiki. Umbuzo bekungekhona ukuthi uma ebezokwenzeka], futhi nini, "kusho amawayini.
Ngokuphangwa kwamandla kwamandla nokukhululwa kweziboshwa eMyanmar, e-UN, EUSTRA, EUSTERALIA, United Kingdom, e-European Union, eNdiya naseJapan.
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