IMalaysians (amaMalaysi) akha inani elikhulu lezifunda ngazinye zaseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Namuhla, laba bantu bahlala eMalaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, Thailand. IMalay yizizwe eziningana ezahlukene ezihlanganiswa nokhokho ajwayelekile nezici zamasiko. Kulezi zinsuku, kungenzeka ukuthi uhlangane nabo emakhoneni ahlukahlukene omhlaba, ngisho naseYurophu noma e-United States.
Ama-malaysays amaningi anamuhla athi ama-Islam, abeka ukufakwa emasikweni awo. Umlando waseMalaysia usitshela ukuthi kwakunzima kangakanani indlela yabantu bakuleli lizwe, nokuthi laba bantu bakwazile kanjani ukuba baphendukele kubantu abaningi abavela emaqenjini amancane ezizwe. Ngakho-ke yini evula okwedlule kweMalay?
Bangobani amadlozi aseMalaya?
Ngokusho kwezazi-mlando, impucuko yaseMalay yavela ngaphezu kwamashumi amabili eminyaka adlule. Amadlozi aseMalayans acela abacwaningi izimfihlakalo eziningi, ngoba akunakwenzeka ukusho ukuthi laba bantu bavelaphi.
Encwadini esanda kwenziwa kwencwadi yesayensi "uprofesa omusha wezikhathi" zikaprofesa weMalay National University, uMurad Merikan, kusho lo cwaningo ngezwe lokuqala laseMalayman (noma ngokunembile, okhokho babo) benziwa ngenkuthalo kulolu suku - bobabili Izakhamizi zaseMalaysia kanye nabesayensi yakwamanye amazwe uqobo. UProfesa uphawula ukuthi namuhla kunemibono eminingana yemvelaphi yeMalay. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinguqulo ezilandelayo:
- Omunye wama-hypotheses amadala futhi aphonsela inselelo uthi amadlozi e-malaysers aqhamuka ensimini yesifundazwe saseChina, uYunnan. Ukunqoba ibanga elikhulu kubantu kwasiza imifula abayivela eningizimu nezwe lasenkanyezwe;
- Umbono waseTaiwan usikisela ukuthi amadlozi aseMalayser angaba eTaiwanese, obani, abaxazulula amazwe abo, baya kofuna izindawo ezintsha. Basebenzise ngenkuthalo izikebhe ezenziwe ekhaya, ezingakwazi ukunqoba amabanga amade;
- Uhlobo lwe-Austroneian lubeka phambili umcabango wokuthi ama-mallay angafika eziqhingini zasePacific.
Indalo Yezifundazwe
Esikhathini esiningi, amaMalay athuthuka asondele kubantu ababili abaqinile ngezinga eliphakeme lentuthuko, amaShayina namaNdiya. Kungakho kunokubolekwa okuningi kwamasiko amazwe angomakhelwane ngesiko laseMalay.Ukwakha njengoba abantu baseMalay baqala e-I Millennium kuya enkathini yethu. Lapho-ke ubudlelwano bezohwebo phakathi kwezizwe ezahlukahlukene buqiniswa, okuvumela okhokho babahlali banamuhla baseMalaysia emasimini amakhulu.
Kancane kancane, amaMalayi aqala ukuzakhela ezawo izifundazwe. Owokuqala kubo wabonakala esiqhingini saseJava. Ngenxa yobudlelwano bezohwebo nokuthuthuka komnotho, amandla ezinhlangano zokuqala zombuso akhuphuka. Omunye wabanamandla kakhulu emlandweni wamaMalaya kwakungumbuso we-Empire Srivijaya, ukuchuma kwawo okwafika ngekhulu le-VII-VIII. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukuxhumana kwasolwandle namanye amazwe kuyakhula ngenkuthalo.
Ukushintshwa Kwenkolo Nendlela Yokuphila Malaysev
Ezinye izinguquko ezibalulekile kamuva zithinta izinkolelo zamaMalay. Uma, iningi labamele abamele kwalaba bantu abavunyelwe ubuBuddha, khona-ke i-II Millenium yeNkathi yethu yenkolo evelele iba amaSulumane. Ungena eMalaysia evela emazweni aseningizimu ntshonalanga kanye nabanqobi abangamaSulumane.
Ngaphandle kokubukezwa okusha ngokuphelele emhlabeni, okulethwa yi-Islam, inkolo entsha iba yinto enhle yamaMalayans. Kungukukholwa kwamaSulumane okuletha ndawonye abantu abaningi, obekuhlukaniswe ngaphambili, kuqinisa ukuxhumana. Ekhulwini le-XV, iMalakki Sultanate yadalwa, uMbuso, owayengomunye wabanamandla kakhulu eSoutheast Asia.
Emakhulwini eminyaka ye-XVII-XX, ama-sultanates amaningana avela endaweni yaseMalaysia, engasenayo nomthelela owandulelayo. Ngokubona kwami, isizathu salokhu kwaba ukuncika kweMalay kubanqobi baseDashi. Naphezu kwekhulu leminyaka, amandla abantu abangabazi, amaMalayi akwazile ukugcina amasiko okuqala kanye nesiko lesifunda sawo.
Isiko Malaysev
Ekhuluma ngeSiko Malay, akunakwenzeka ukuthi ungaphawuli imibala yalo nokwehlukahlukana kwayo. I-Malayse ngokwayo iyingxube yezizwe ezahlukahlukene, ngayinye yayo enezici namasiko alo akhethekile. Ezinye izici zobuciko futhi zikhumbuze ukuhlanganiswa kwezimpawu zesiko lezizwe ezahlukahlukene. Isibonelo, uma ulalela umculo wendabuko wesiMalay, khona-ke mhlawumbe uqaphele ithonya elishiwo ama-Islamic neChina amafomu.
Ngaphezu komculo, uphawu lweMalaysia lwaba inkundla yemidlalo yokudansa. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ku-IT Connoisseurs of Art Amaphawula Ithonya Lama-Portuguese, Chinese and Thai amasiko. Ama-Malayans kanye nesilisa (ubuciko bempi), kanye nemidlalo yaseshashalazini yemithunzi yokuthi abantu baseMalaysia badlulisela ngombono okhethekile.
Uma uzovakashela iMalaysia, awukwazi ukukhathazeka ngokuthi abantu bendawo bazokwelashwa kanjani kokwemfokazi. Ama-Mallayers angabantu abanobungane nabavulekile abahlala bejabule ngezivakashi. Kodwa-ke, abesifazane kufanele bakhumbule ukuthi umthetho wezimiso zamaSulumane eMalaysia, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukukhetha izingubo ezinesizotha nezivaliwe.
Abadlali abaseMalay bantu abajwayelekile abanothile umlando onothile. Okhokho babo kwadingeka ukuba bakhulume kahle amazwe amasha, okwakukhona ezakhamizi zanamuhla zaseMalaysia. Kulezi zinsuku, amaMalayan angatholakala emazweni ahlukahlukene. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, ngenhlonipho egcina inkumbulo yamasiko amadala, zama ukunamathela kumasiko ajwayelekile. Iminyaka eminingi, amandla e-Europers awakwazanga ukukhokha eMalayca, umcimi womlilo onikelwe ngamadlozi, amasiko awo, namuhla aqhubeka nokukhula ngenkuthalo.