Ngo-2020, isikhungo sokuqala semfundo ye-Minsk Tractor Plant (MTZ) savulwa eNovosibirsk State Agrarian University. Kuyo, abafundi bazokwazi ukutadisha imishini yezolimo nobuchwepheshe besimanje senkonzo yabo, kufaka phakathi ukuxilongwa kwamakhompyutha. Umqondisi we-Engineering Institute eNuri Yuri Guskov watshelwa ukuthi isikhungo sokuqeqesha sadalwa kanjani ngezinhlelo zokuthuthuka ngokuthuthuka kanye namathuba okubambisana phakathi kwe-eurasia.
- U-Yuri Aleksandrovich, umqondo wokudala isikhungo sokuqeqesha, wenza njengoMbanga?
- Ngo-2016, ngokwesekwa kwendlu yokuhweba yaseSiberia, sasinesigaba esikhethekile semfundo. Kwakungokokuxhumana kokuqala, beza kithi ukuthola ukuthandana futhi bazwakalise umbono wokuthi kungaba kuhle ukubambisana, njengoba sinamaphuzu wokuxhumana. Silungiselela onjiniyela, okungukuthi, labo abaxhaphaza ngqo inqubo abasithengisayo nakithi futhi bayanikezwa.
Njengengxenye yalokhu kubambisana, badlulisela amasakhiwo sase-US ukutadisha izindawo eziphambili, amasistimu obuchwepheshe, iqoqo lezingqwembe zesimanje zokufunda, futhi sithembise ukuthi sizohlala sixhumana nabo, ngoba sidinga imihlahlandlela kukho konke abakukhuthazayo Isifunda sethu, sidinga abantu abazoxhashazwa bonke futhi bakhuthaze. Ukuzijwayeza kukhombisa ukuthi cishe bonke onjiniyela bamanje abasebenzela inqubo yilezo iziqu zethu. Ngakho-ke, ingabe ingekho kuphi eyunivesithi yethu ukuze ujwayelane nezisekelo kanye nokuqala kokutadisha le ndlela?
- Yimiphi imisebenzi ebalulekile yokuxazulula isikhungo sokuqeqesha?
"Simbiza ngokuthi" isikhungo sokuqeqesha senkonzo ye-MTZ energy ebucayi. " Igama elithi "Educational" Siphinde sisebenzise, kepha lesi yisikhungo senkonzo sendlela ye-MTZ Energy.
Imisebenzi Sibeka okulandelayo kulesi sikhungo. Owokuqala ukutadisha ubuchwepheshe bokulungiselela kwangaphambi kokuthengisa. Leli yiphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu, ngoba inqubo ihanjiswa ngendlela ehlakazekile noma esimweni sokukhipha, noma ayiyinkimbinkimbi, noma ingabuyiswa. Kunemigomo efanelekile yokulungiselela kwangaphambi kokuthengisa kwale ndlela, eyakha isitshalo, futhi njengengxenye yesikhungo sethu, abafundi bazofunda lobu buchwepheshe, bakhuthaze futhi basabalalise abakhiqizi bethu bezimpahla.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, bazofunda ubuchwepheshe bewaranti namasu okulondolozwa ngemuva kwewaranti, ngoba ukuthengisa akusikho konke, inqubo kumele isetshenziswe, futhi zombili ewaninisi, nasesikhathini sewaranti. Kuyacaca ukuthi ekukhiqizeni kwangempela kunzima ukuhlela ukulungiswa okunekhono kwemishini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuchwepheshe ngokwabo buyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.
Izinguquko eziningi zihlala zingeniswa kwinqubo, okungukuthi, iqembu elilodwa selivele lihlukile komunye, ezinye izakhi, amayunithi, amayunithi, njalonjalo, futhi kusuka kubakhiqizi abahlukahlukene kufakwa kukho. Futhi kukho konke lokhu ukulandela umkhondo wabasebenzi abalula kunzima kakhulu.
Esikhathini sakithi, ngoba siyaxazulula nemisebenzi yezemfundo, sinolwazi ochwepheshe kanye nochwepheshe bezinga elihle, othisha abanethuba lokulandela zonke lezi zinguquko, kodwa nakulabo bantu abaxhaphaza le ndlela.
- Yini amathuba okubambisana kwemfundo yeNgau naseMtz?
- Isigaba esilandelayo, okuthi, futhi, okudinga ukufundiswa, ukutadisha, ukukhuthaza, lapho kudingeka ukuthi uqonde khona izinqubo zogandaganda zamanje nezengezo ogandaganda. Esezinhlelweni zokusebenza, ugandaganda wehluleka, kukhona okuqhekeka kubo, kudinga ukushintshwa nokunye. Izinqubo zezobuchwepheshe zokulungiswa, ezinokulungiswa, ezinengqondo futhi ezamukelekayo, hhayi iziphetho zomuntu nje, siphoqa futhi kulesi sikhungo futhi sizosebenza.
Umbuzo ohlukile ucwaningo lobuchwepheshe bokuxilonga kwamakhompyutha ngezinhlelo ezahlukahlukene zogandaganda banamuhla besebenzisa izikena zanamuhla. Kuyacaca ukuthi emkhayeni ngamunye imishini yokuxilonga enekhamera ayinakwenzeka, kepha kufanele kube nezikhungo zensizakalo ukuze zilungiswe, futhi manje zenzelwe ngokugcwele ukuthi ochwepheshe nabo abadinga ukulungiswa. Singawuthatha lo msebenzi, futhi lesi sitshalo siyakuqonda ukuthi abasanciphisi kunoma ngubani.
Omunye umbuzo ukuthuthukisa izimfanelo zabasebenzi bezikhungo zezinsizakalo zesifunda. Ngokuvamile, lonke uhlelo luzokwakhelwe ezweni lethu: kuzoba nezikhungo zensizakalo, futhi labo abathengisa le ndlela bazodala lezi zikhungo zensizakalo. Kepha futhi badinga ochwepheshe, amasu, ubuchwepheshe kanye nemishini - ngokuvamile, kuyadingeka ukuqonda ukuthi yini - kuphi nokunye. Singaba nje isikhungo esinjalo esizomboza zonke lezi zinkinga futhi sibasize baxazulule. Ngakho-ke, kuzoba ukusekelwa kolwazi kubakhiqizi bezimpahla ezindabeni zobuchwepheshe ezihlobene nokulungiswa kanye nokusebenza kwemishini yokuziselela uqobo.
Ngamazwi, kunamaphuzu amaningi okuxhumana nathi, futhi konke lokhu kwenziwa ngathi ndawonye, okungukuthi, thina, asinqumi ngokwazo, futhi ezingxoxweni zafinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi zingathatha iziphetho zokuthi zingathatha lezi zinkinga.
Ngakho-ke, indlu yokuhweba, nesitsha se-MTZ ngokwaso siqonda kahle lokhu futhi saphinde satshala imali ngokwezimali ekuthuthukisweni kwalesi sikhungo. Ihlomele, zisisiza ngokutholwa kwemishini: Sekuthengwe okuningi futhi kufakiwe, futhi siqhubeka nalokhu kubambisana. Siyethemba ukuthi ngokuzayo amasu wethu asetshenziswa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngifuna ukusho ukuthi othisha bethu kufanele babe sezingeni lemisebenzi enjalo. Akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi banekhono elithile, kusadingeka bathuthukise, babuyise. Abafundisi ababili boMnyango "Izimoto kanye nogandaganda" bakhiphe ama-internship esitshalweni se-MTZ, kodwa bekungeke kwenzeke ukuba bahambe, ngenxa yezizathu ezisobala abahlehlisiwe. Kepha uhlelo luvunyelenwe, sebekhiphe konke. Esikhathini esizayo, sihlela ukuthi abafundi bethu bazongena esigcemeni ukuba bazijwayeze, futhi bajwayelane nokukhiqizwa, ukuqonda, lapho kwenzeka khona, ngoba inqubo ekuqaleni, ukuthi iqhubeka kanjani nokuthi ikuphi nokuthi ikuphi Ugandaganda wakhelwa, lapho kwakhiwa khona.
Sesivele sinesikhungo esinye isikhungo, esibizwa nge- "gommelmash" elebhu, ngoba iGomselmash ikhiqiza le ndlela.
- Yiziphi izindawo zokubambisana emkhakheni wezemfundo zingaba nesimo esingezekile entuthukweni ngaphakathi kohlaka lwesimo sezimo zeBelarus naseRussia kanye ne-Eurasia Economic Union?
- EBelarus, kukhona namayunivesithi, futhi othisha bethu bazoya e-internship hhayi esitshalweni kuphela, kodwa naseyunivesithi. Bazotholakale lapho. Eduze kosuku lapho singashintshana khona abafundi.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwesifunda esinjalo njengoba iSiberia nayo iyathandeka eBelarus, ngoba ziningi kakhulu izinkampani ezisebenza ngenkuthalo lapha. Abantu abafunda eBelarus manje basebenza ezinkampanini ezihlinzeka ngenqubo yase-US, ngakho-ke kukhona isithakazelo kulokhu.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ukushintshana kwabafundi kungenzeka. Azikho izithiyo ezikhethekile kulokhu: Uma umbuzo uthi abafundi bethu bangaya lapho bezokwenza, bacishe banqunywe, khona-ke angicabangi ukuthi kunezinkinga ezithile ukuze abafundi babo basithole. Ukubambisana okunjalo kuzophinde kube njalo.
- UBelarus ukhuluma omunye wabalingani abakhulu kakhulu besifunda saseNovosibirsk ukuze bathole ukuhweba kwangaphandle, futhi kusukela ngo-2012 kuya ku-2018. Imali engenayo yemikhiqizo yezimboni ikhule ngaphezu kathathu. Ngenxa yalokho okukwazi ukufeza imiphumela enjalo?
- Kucace kakhulu ukuthi kungani inzuzo inyuka. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inqubo namuhla ekhiqizwa eBelarus, izinga elifanele, liyancintisana futhi liwina ngentengo. Uthatha i-niche yakhe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba ngazi, lonke inqubo eza (lihlanganisa, ngokwesibonelo) lingena uhlelo lokuxhasa abakhiqizi bethu bezimpahla abalitholayo.
Ngiyaqonda ukuthi bafakwa lapho ngoba kungaba yisimo sezinyunyana, ngabe babengekho lapho ngenye indlela. Ngakho-ke, ngaphakathi kwemakethe yethu, alingana nabakhiqizi basekhaya.
Kunohlobo oluthile lwe-assortment olungazange lushaye lolu hlelo, kepha lokho kukhathaza ezolimo nemishini emikhulu, njengokuhlanganisa kanye nogandaganda, konke, konke, kuphenduka lapho. Kule makethe, bancintisana ngempumelelo nabakhiqizi bomhlaba.
Umemezele uMaria Mamzelkina