Mayelana nalokhu esihlokweni sakhe ku-portal agrarheute.com, ubhala umhlaziyi waseJalimane uDkt. Olaf Znka.
"Abalimi ngokumangala besula amehlo: Amanani okusanhlamvu ayaqhubeka nokushaya okusha maxima. Futhi kubahlaziyi abaningi manje azikho izincazelo ezikhohlisayo zokwanda okuhlala isikhathi eside kumanani entengo yezolimo - mhlawumbe ngoba kuyihlu lonke lezimbangela kanye nemiphumela ephakanyisiwe
... Futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi abahlaziyi balindele ukulungiswa phansi, amanani akhula futhi. Yisiphi isizathu esingenzeka sentengo ende kunazo zonke emlandweni wezolimo?
Uhla lwezizathu nemiphumela lidlala ngokwanda: Ukusilela okusanhlamvu eChina, imisebenzi yokuthumela kwamanye amazwe yaseRussia yokusanhlamvu, iSouth American La Nigna, ukuthengisela amaketanga, ukuthengwa kwamakamelo okudla emazweni amaningi.
Singabhekana nalokhu okusha okuphezulu kwamanani entengo yemikhiqizo yezolimo - Ungabikezela kanjani umhlaziyi wezimpahla wezimpahla ze-Goldman Sachs enkulu kanye nabanye ochwepheshe. Kungaba kuhle kubalimi.
NgoLwesithathu, kuleli sonto, intengo yokusanhlamvu emakethe yesikhathi esizayo eParis rose ukurekhoda amanani. Ngokokuqala ngqa kusukela ngoMeyi 2013, ukolweni waseYurophu kwathengiswa ngama-245 euros ngethani ngalinye, isivuno esisha sakhuphuka saba ngama-203 euros ngethani ngalinye.
Amanani amanani entengo agxuma afinyelela kuma-485 euros ngethani ngalinye futhi, kanjalo, ezingeni, okwakugcina kubhekwe ngo-Okthoba 2012. ECanada, intengo yezikhala kuleli sonto ifinyelele esilinganisweni esisha serekhodi - ngoba izinyanga ezi-6 ngaphambi kokuvunwa okusha emakethe akukho okuthengiswayo okucishe kwathengiswa.
Emaphethelweni aseYurophu, ummbila uphuthume waya kuma-euro angama-230 ngethani ngalinye, nase-USA eChicago, amanani entengo kakolweni kanye nommbila wasukuma ezinhlakeni zikaFebhuwari 2013.
Ngamanani entengo kakolweni muva nje, umdlalo obandayo e-United States ukuze uthole indima enkulu. Abahlaziyi besaba ukulimala okukhulu kwesimo sokolweni sasebusika: NgoMsombuluko, uMnyango wezoLimo e-US wabika ukuthi izilinganiso zesimo sokolweni sasebusika zincipha ngoFebhuwari eKansas, umbuso, okungukuthi ukhula ezweni.
I-USDA ishicilele isilinganiso sakamuva sikakolweni sasebusika sakamuva ngo-2020 ngoNovemba. Ngaleso sikhathi, amaphesenti angama-46 ezitshalo ayesesimweni esihle noma esihle kakhulu. Ebusika, uMnyango Wezolimo wase-US ushicilela imibiko yanyanga zonke kuphela ezifundeni ngazinye. Imibiko yokuqoqwa kwezitshalo zanyanga zonke ngeke itholakale kuze kube ngu-Ephreli.
UMnyango wezoLimo wase-US njengamanje ulinganisa ama-40% okuvunwa kokolweni kobusika ebusika ngesimo esikhulu esikhulayo seKansas esimweni esihle noma esihle kakhulu, uma kuqhathaniswa nama-43% ngenyanga edlule. Kodwa-ke, ngonyaka owedlule, amaphesenti angama-35 kuphela okuvuna eKansas ahlolwe njengokuhle noma okuhle kakhulu.
Isilinganiso sikakolweni sasebusika ngesinye isimo sikakolweni sase-Oklahoma futhi sehle, kodwa sathuthuka eSouth Dakota, eColorado naseMontana. Abalimi eKansas, i-Oklahoma naseTexas ikakhulukazi bakhula izinhlobo zokolweni zasebusika zobusika obubomvu obunzima, okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe e-United States.
UMnyango Wezolimo Ezolimo wase-US uthi eTexas nakwezinye izifundazwe, ukuhlolwa komphumela wama-frost kukolweni overleep akukaqedwa.
Amanani entengo kawoyela akhulayo asekela izindleko zamafutha
Ngokusho kwabahlaziyi, umhlangano ezimakethe zezimakethe zamafutha afuthelwa isidingo senani lama-rain alonke, ngoba wonke umuntu ufuna ukwenza okubekelwe phansi. Ngokusobala, lokhu kubhekisele ku-soya kanye ne-rapeseed.
Amanani entengo kaMorn aqhubeka ekhula ngokwengxenye ngenxa yesizathu, ngoba izimvula ziboshwe ukuhlanzwa kwe-soya eBrazil futhi, ngaleyo ndlela zihlehlisele ukuhlwanyela kwesinye isivuno esibalulekile ezweni - ummbila wasebusika.
Ngokusho kwabahlaziyi, kule sizini Brazil bangaqoqa isivuno samarekhodi se-corn ngenani lamathani ayizigidi eziyi-108,2, ngoba abalimi bakhulisa ukuvuna okukhulu ngenxa yamanani aphezulu okusanhlamvu. Ngokocwaningo, izindawo ezihlwanyelayo ngaphansi kommbila zinganda ngamahektha ayizigidi eziyi-1 kuye kumahektha ayizigidi eziyi-19,4. Lokhu kuzonikeza umfutho onamandla ekukhiqizweni futhi kuzokwenza iBrazil ukuncintisana ngokwengeziwe ezimakethe zokuthumela ngaphandle uma kuqhathaniswa ne-United States.
Kodwa-ke, iningi lesitshalo se-corn yesibili eBrazil kungenzeka lihlwanyelwe ngaphandle kwewindows esikhashana yesikhashana, engathinta ukukhiqizwa.
Ekugcineni, i-Ukraine, okungekho emthethweni kwe-soya, kulo nyaka okokuqala ngqa ukungenisa soya. IBrazil izonikela ngamathani angama-51,600 e-soy avela eBrazil e-Ukraine. Lokhu kubikwa ngabathengisi.
Imakethe ibuye idonsele ukunakwa ngamanani kawoyela. Uma amanani entengo kawoyela ayaqhubeka nokukhula, kuzosekela okusanhlamvu nowoyela. Amanani entengo yeSoyu afinyelele ezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu eminyakeni eyi-6.5. Ikusasa lokudlwengulwa kweCanada ngoMsombuluko kufinyelele ezingeni elisha lamarekhodi, futhi ikusasa elise-French matif raps Exchange lifinyelele ezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu cishe eminyakeni eyisishiyagalombili.
Abahlaziyi bakholelwa ukuthi ukukhuphuka kwamanani entengo kawoyela eluhlaza kuthuthukisa umugqa we-biofuels owenziwe ngamafutha zemifino, esekela ukukhula kwawo wonke ama-oyela zemifino, "
(Umthombo: www.agrarheute.com. Kuthunyelwe ngu: Dr. Olaf Zinka).