Ngaphakathi kohlaka lweHadesi nezinhlelo zeCarmenes, izazi zezinkanyezi ezivela e-Spanish University of La Lagun zithole i-exoplanet ephathelene nesigaba sezinto ezinhle kakhulu. Into itholakala ngendlela yejubane le-radial. Wabelwa ukubizwa kukaGj 740 B. Ngokwemininingwane yokuqala, iplanethi idlula umhlaba ngesisindo cishe izikhathi ezi-3 futhi ijikeleze ezungeze inkanyezi ebangeni leminyaka engama-36.
I-Super Ground iyisigaba samaplanethi, isisindo salokho okungaphansi kwe-Giants Giants (ngokwesibonelo, iSaturn noma iJupita), kepha inqwaba yomhlaba. Ukuzibandakanya kwamaplanethi kuleli klasi kuncike kakhulu kwisisindo sabo kuphela - ibanga ezinkanyezini nezinye izibonakaliso akunandaba.
Isondlo sokuqala ne-exoplanet yatholakala ngasikhathi sinye ngo-1991. Kunamaplanethi abizwa ngokuthi anzima ukubiza ngokuqondile kuma-superes noma ama-giants wegesi. Isibonelo, u-Exoplanet Mj altar, inqwaba yayo eyi-10.5 Times inkulu kunoMhlaba.
Ucwaningo lwenziwa eR Rock Rock de Los Mucachechos, etholakala eziqhingini zaseCanary, ngosizo lweNational Telescope Galileo. Ngosizo lokuhlaziywa kwe-spectra olutholwa ososayensi iminyaka eminingi, bakwazi ukunquma ukuba khona kwesiphetho, esijikeleza lapho kuncane.
I-Exoplanet ikubanga cishe ngo-0,029 a. e. Kusuka enkanyezini futhi kwenza ijike eliphelele elizungeze usuku lwe-2 377 Terrestrial. Ukushisa kwayo okulingana kucishe kube ngu-829 K. I-radius yeplanethi ayibonwa, ngakho-ke ososayensi bangase bakwazi ukunquma ukwakheka kwalo. Njengoba inqwaba nesikhathi sokujikeleza kwaziwa, kunesizathu sokucabanga ukuthi umhlabathi we-ultra unendawo enamadwala.
Izazi zezinkanyezi zikholelwa ukuthi kulolu hlelo kungahle kube nenye indawo, edlula kakhulu isisindo se-GJ 740 B, kanye nokususwa okuningi kusuka ku-Dwarf ebomvu. Ngokucatshangelwa, ujikela ujikeleze inkanyezi eminyakeni eyi-9,3, futhi inqwaba yale nto inezikhathi eziyi-100 ngaphezu kwesisindo somhlaba.
Indlela ye-radial velociities (noma indlela ye-doppler), lapho kutholakale khona i-GJ 740 B, liqukethe ukukalwa kwejubane lenkanyezi yenkanyezi. Umnyombo wale ndlela ukuthi ohlelweni lweplanethi, inkanyezi ivezwa amandla okuhehayo, okuvela kwiplanethi yayo, futhi "Swing" ngasikhathi sinye, ihamba ngomjikelezo wayo omncane.
Ukugxila ekususweni kwe-spectrum yenkanyezi, ososayensi bangakhomba imininingwane eminingi ebalulekile, efana nesisindo senkanyezi, isikhathi sokukhanga kwaso, inqwaba yobuncane beplanethi, njll.
Ngenxa yesisindo esincane esincane, okugcwele ngokweqile akutholwanga kusetshenziswa indlela eyodwa yejubane le-radial. Noma kunjalo, namuhla kwasiza ukuthola ama-exoplanets angaphezu kwama-600. Kulezi, izinto eziyi-116 zembulwa ngokuzungeza ama-M Dwarfs (abomvu) - le yizinkanyezi ezibandayo zokulandelana okuyinhloko.
Zibhekwa njengezivame kakhulu endaweni yonke, kodwa ukuze zibabone ngecala elinqunu lezinkinga ngenxa yokukhanya okubuthakathaka. Isibonelo, i-Dwarf ebomvu iyinkanyezi eseduze nelanga - proxima Centaurus.
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