Igqityiwe i-2020 ye-2020 yazisa iindlela ezininzi zoqoqosho lwehlabathi, enye yazo zarekhodwa ukusilela kohlahlo-lwabiwo mali kunye nezalathisi zikarhulumente kumazwe amaninzi aphuhlileyo. Nangona iziphumo zokugqibela azikabikho zishwankathelwe, kunokutshiwo ukuba intsilelo yohlahlo-lwabiwo mali laseMelika ligqithile (inikwe umThetho we-20: i-20.4% ye-GDP, i-20.2% ye-GDP, i-UK - I-16.6% ye-GDP kunye neJamani kunyaka ophelileyo ikwazile ukuyigcina kwi-4.8% ye-GDP. La maxabiso aphezulu kuyo yonke imbali yeMfazwe yasemva kweMfazwe kwaye yadlula kancinane kumgangatho wezo mpawu zomhlaba apho kwiminyaka yakutshanje (kwi-Eurozone yavavanywa i-3% ye-GDP, kwi I-United States ngo-2019 ukuya kwe-2020 ijongene ne-4.9% ye-GDP, eJapan, i-5.8% ye-GDP).
Kwangelo xesha, akukho nto intlebeni kuwo onke amazwe akhankanyiweyo. Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kuhlala kulawulwa, kwaye, ngaphandle kokudodobala koqoqosho (ngokwedatha yokuqala, i-GDP yase-US ihla nge-3.5%, nge-5.5%, i-5.5%), nge-10,% ye Inani labemi bade lakhula, kwaye abantu baqhelana 'ukuze basindile "kwibhungana. Isiphakamiso esikhulu esikhulu semali sibangele ukuba kwenziwe idrafti ebukhali ngamaxabiso enzala, ukuvuselela kolunye utyalomali kunye nokusetyenziswa kwempahla eqinileyo, ukuthenga izindlu kunye neemoto. Phantse bonke abaxelisa i-2021 bathetha ngokubuyiselwa koqoqosho kunye nokugqithiswa konyaka wama-2022
Iziganeko zonyaka ophelileyo zahlukile kwenye inkalo. Ngaphandle kokubetheka kwezoqoqosho, ukungaqeshwa kwentswela-ngqesho kunye nokuma kweyona shishini lamashishini amaninzi, imarike yesitokhwe ibonakalise ukuba iphinde ibuyele kwi-2019 ivale unyaka wonke kwaye i-70.5% ngaphezulu kwendawo ephantsi yokuwa Ngo-Matshi; I-DAX-nge-3.7%, ngokwahlukeneyo, kunye ne-62.5% ephezulu, uNikkei yi-15.2% kunye ne-82.3%. Kwangelo xesha, ii-asethi ezininzi zazilawula - ke, i-2020th yayikuphela konyaka, ngokwemiphumo yayo, kunye nokuncitshiswa kwe-GDP, i-GDP iwele kuwo onke amazwe aphuhlileyo. Uninzi lwezinto zexabiso le-capital nazo azizange ziwele ngexabiso.
Ubutyebi kunye nekhredithiIziphumo yayiyimeko ethile yokukhula ngaxeshanye kwityala likarhulumente kunye nobutyebi boluntu. Ukuba uvavanya umzekelo we-United States, kuyavela amatyala oluntu anyuke nge- $ 4.6 trillion kunyaka ophelileyo, ngelixa imali yentengiso yesitokhwe iyi- $ 6.55 i-Trillion, i-Trillion yaseKhaya ingaphezulu kwe- $ 7.8 yezigidigidi trillion. I-charbact yetyala elidumileyo libonisa ukukhula komthwalo kumatyala kuMbindi Merman - kodwa isimo sengqondo samatyala amakhaya kwi-GDP sehla ngaphezulu kwekota kwiminyaka eli-12 edlulileyo. Nangona imali-mboleko irekhodwa njengangoku, isabelo esinelona nqanaba liphezulu lokuthenga ngetyala kwikota yesithathu engama-2020 yaba liphezulu kwiminyaka engama-20-kunye nesabelo semali yokuhlawula impahla, inciphile kabini kwaye Ibekwe ekuqaleni kwesiqalo se-1970.), гг.), kunye netyala ngamakhadi etyala de adlule ngaphezulu kwe-14%. Ukuba uthatha ingqalelo ukwehla kweendleko zokuboleka kukarhulumente, kuyavela ukuba uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali luchitha i-7.8% yeendleko zizonke ukugcina iimbophelelo zayo, kwaye ngo-1999-2000, xa uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lwase-US luye lwehla ngentsalela, yona yayiyi-11.2-11.0%.
Zonke zithi zikufundisela ukubeka umbuzo omnye ocacileyo: Zingakanani iindlela zangaphambili zokuvavanya ubungozi bokunqongophala kunye netyala zingaqwalaselwa ngokwaneleyo namhlanje? Nayiphi na ibhanki, esenza isigqibo malunga nokukhutshwa kwemali mboleko kwimboleko-mali yabucala ngokungathandabuzekiyo kuthathelwa ingqalelo ingeniso yalo yangoku (uhlobo lwe-analogue ye-GDP, kodwa ikwajonge kwixabiso lentengiso lezinto zentengiso Oko kungadluliselwa kulungiselelo (ngandlela ithile kufana nobutyebi besizwe). Ngaba ayiphelelanga ukuthelekisa ityala nentsilelo ne-GDP? Ngaba ibonisa nangoku inani loqoqosho olubalulekileyo okanye luyinto enokuyisela irhafu kwi-ocedrenatism yokuqonda?
Ayilunganga kangakoIziganeko zeminyaka eli-10 idlulileyo zinyanzelekile ukuba zicinge ngokubaluleke kakhulu kwezimpawu zemveli zempumelelo yezoqoqosho kumazwe athile. Ke, umzekelo, kwi-GDP, China, eyona ndawo iphuhliswe kuyo yonke le minyaka ingama-20 idlulileyo, inciphise umsantsa kunye ne-United States - ukuba uqaphela kwi-GDP ngamaxabiso akhoyo, kwaye ukuba Ithathwe kwi-akhawunti yokuthenga imali yemali, i-China iqhube phambili, i-amering amering ye- $ 3.5 yeedola. Kodwa umsantsa kubutyebi besizwe (ubutyebi be-GATE yeNqanaba) i-Grew-$ 42.8 nge-2020 nge-2020 nge-20 32. I-United States kunye ne-China malunga nale ncwadana ikhula ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuba ubuyela kwisihloko sethu esingqalileyo-ngokukodwa, kwityala loluntu, liqala ukuba kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo (kwaye kule minyaka ibalulekileyo (kwaye kule minyaka inkulu ngokunxulumene nengxaki eyandulelayo, kunye nokuncitshiswa kobungakanani ") ubungakanani bayo ngokunxulumene nobutyebi beSizwe e-United States azizange zikhule (25.4% ngo-2020 ngokuchasene ne-22.7% ngo-2010 ngo-2010 ngo-2010 ngo-2010 ngo-2010 ngo-2010. Kusekuqaleni kakhulu ukuba senze izigqibo eziphakamileyo koku, kodwa imeko ibonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba imeko kuqoqosho oluphuculweyo, ngaphandle kokuthatha i-Eise, apho banokukhupha imali eyimfuneko ukoyisa ingxaki, Kwiminyaka yakutshanje ayilunganga kangako ukuba ibonakala njani ngamanye amaxesha.
Ungathelekisa njani ngokuUbutyebi besizwe (kwaye phantsi kwakuqondwa njengexabiso elipheleleyo lezinto zexabiso lezinto zabemi kumazwe afanelekileyo nge-sublevations nanamhlanje. Iqwalaselwe kwimisebenzi eguqukayo, ibonisa iindlela ezininzi ezibaluleke kakhulu, ngaphandle kokuthathela ingqalelo umfanekiso wezoqoqosho wehlabathi lanamhlanje ijongeka ingaphelelanga.
- Okokuqala, saqala, esi salathisi sithandabuza ukuba intsilelo yamatyala aphezulu kumazwe aphuhlileyo ingumthombo owongezelelekileyo: bahlala kwinqanaba eliphantsi kwaye benxulumene nokukhula .
- Okwesibini, utsho kakhulu malunga nomgangatho wokubamba: ukusukela ngo-2000, kuphela izikhundla ze-china (+6), ngelixa i-tiga "ye-Asiya" iboniswe kumgangatho welizwe: i-hong kong, eTaiwan , ISingapore - okanye igcine isikhundla sabo, okanye ihla ithelekiswa namanye amazwe (i-Germay, i-France, i-Itali kunye neSpain igcine iziphumo zale minyaka ingama-20).
- Okwesithathu, iRussia ihlolwe kule mbono, iqala ukuba imbi ngakumbi kunemeko yokusetyenziswa kwe-GDP ngokuthelekisa i-PPS okanye kwi-Instare yeHlabathi yeHlabathi ye-GDP kwi-PPP kunye ne-1.74% yezifundo zangoku zemali; Ngapha koko, ngokutsho kwalo mkhwa, iRussia iwela kwiqela lezoqoqosho ezinde zoqoqosho lwe-Itali neJapan, i-Peak yayingekafiki kwi-2020, kwaye ilindelwe kwityala lethu) , = Kanye kanye naye, ndinjengam ixesha elide, kuya kufuneka sithelekise impumelelo yethu yezoqoqosho ukuba i-bolsheviks ukusukela ngo-1913
Ingxaki, ngoku isasamisa uqoqosho lwehlabathi, nangona ichukunyiswa ngqo ngubhubhane we-Whahan Virus, kwangaxeshanye ibonisa zombini ezo ngxaki kwaye azizizo iindlela ezintsha ze-10-16 (kwaye ubukhulu becala IPHEPHA 50 - OKUNGAKUMBI, Ubona i-Anetrtsev, Vladislav. Uqoqosho ngaphandle kwe-mudma: njengoko i-United States iye yadala iodolo entsha yoqoqosho, iMoscow: i-Alpina ", 2021). Kwaye siya kwenza impazamo engaxolelwanga ukuba siyaqhubeka kwiimeko ezintsha zokuvavanya iingxaki zoqoqosho kwaye sifezekise idatha kwisiseko sedatha kunye nedatha, ethi ixesha elide lisetyenziswe ngempumelelo kuqoqosho, ngamanqanaba okuba nzima kunye neendlela ze Ummiselo wabo ungowakhe ngokupheleleyo kulowo.
Uluvo lombhali lungangqinelani nesikhundla soshicilelo lwamaxesha ngamaxesha.