Vatatu vemazuva ano vanonzi vanonzi vatsotsi kubva kumaviriri vevanhu vechiJudha, vairota vezana repakati pane dzimwe nyika dzeprourts. Izvo zvinokwanisika kufonera maJuda evatsoropodza chete maererano nezvinoita genetic, sezvo tsika dzadzo dzakafanana neTatar.
Panguva imwecheteyo, matsotsi akakwanisa kuchengetedza zvimwe zvakasiyana zvevanhu. Iri rudzi rudiki redziviriro rinozviti vechiJudha vechiJudha, vanotaura mumutauro wake. Masayendisiti anoramba achipokana, achidana madzitateguru evanhu uye turkki. Ndivanaani vari vasinganzwisisike vanopara mhosva?
Zita
Zvakananga izwi rekuti "growa" kududzirwa kwakanyanya kwairatidza mukushandiswa kwevanoongorora chete kubva kuXix Century. Panguva ino, mhosva yacho kuumambo hweRussia inoitika.
MaJuda aTalmudists akadanwa nevatsotsi, uye zita rerudzi rwakanongedzera kudunhu rekugara kwake. Kwenguva yakareba zvaitendwa kuti vafundire vakaonekwa penension mushure memakore 1783, apo maJuda vari kugadziriswazve muCrimea. Nekudaro, kumwe kuongororwa kweEtini kwakaratidza kuti midzi yechiJudha yeCrimkov inobva kuMiddle Ages.
I. S. Kaya, Kuziva Kunozivikanwa, Akanyora:
"Creraa iboka rakakosha revaJudha, iro rakareba rave kugara muCrimecan Peninsula uye rakabvuma chaizvo tsika yeTatar."
Madzitateguru eCrimkov
Nezve kwakatangira kutonga, kune vanofungidzira vakati wandei. Chinowanzoitika pakati pemasayendisiti anofarira chokwadi chekuti vanhu ava vazukuru vehuwandu hwekare vechiJudha. Kuumbwa kweboka rematsotsi kunotanga kunenge muXIV-XV mazana emazana emakore. Hwaro hwekubuda kwerudzi rutsva rwakaenzana nenharaunda dzevaJudha dzeEurope.
Nekudaro, iyi vhezheni ingori imwe yeakawanda hypotheses. Pane zvaakanyora, turkologist A. N. N. N. Samolovich madzinza ekare, uye C. Zabolotnaya uye akasimbirira zvachose kune vanhu vasingaonekwe kurudzi urwu. Kana fungidziro yekupedzisira ichokwadi, saka vaimuroora vakatanga kukwereta kwakawanda kubva mutsika dzevaJudha nemabhuruku, munharaunda yepedyo iyo iyo nharaunda dzadzo dzakararama.
Kana madzitateguru ekutanga aCrimkov akaoneka ari munharaunda ye peninsula, zvinonetsa kutaura. Sezvo vanyori venhaueri vanoratidza kuti vanyori venhau dzekutanga dzevaJudha muMutsotsi vakaonekwa kare muzana remakore rekutanga kuguva yedu. Chikonzero chekugadziridzwa kwenyika yemhosva inoonekwa sekudzvinyirira kumukira kwevaJudha muHurumende yeRoma.
Nharaunda dzekutanga dzechiJudha dzakaonekwa mumutsotsi muCartion Century muCafe. Nhoroondo dzezvakaitika kare dzakanyorwa kutora chikamu kweMutungamiri weKrymchak mune hurukuro dzeIvan III uye nemhosva yechiHana, uye chikamu chetsamba iyi chakaitwa muchiHebheru.
Nhoroondo yeVanhu
Muzana ramakore reCentine, kukura kwezvinhu zvevaJudha zve peninsula kunoonekwa. Kuita uku kwakakonzerwa nekudzingwa kwevaJudha kubva kuByzantium, Italy, Russia. Sisi yetsva yetsotsi yakaumbwa panguva iyoyo yakatanga kubatana nevatorwa vatsva, zvishoma nezvishoma. Izvi zvinhu zvekuumbwa zvakanyatso kupesvedzera tsika yechiJudha yetsotsi uye, kunyanya, tsika dzevatsotsi.
Sezvo vavakidzani vematsotsi vaive nemabhuru ematsotsi, mamiriro avo emadzinza aisakwanisa kuzviratidza mune rumwe rudzi. Kana iwe ukatarisa kuCrimea National Costume, iwe unogona kuona zvinhu zvechiJudha uye tatar. Tatar kukwereta kunoratidzwa mumutauro wetsotsi. Pasinei nekuratidzwa kuri pachena kwetsika yeTatar, hazvina kukanganisa zvavanotenda uye nehupenyu hwe krymchakov.
Panguva yekujoinha kweCrimea, Humambo hweRussia hwakaverengerwa pane peninsula, kwaive nevane 800 mhosva yemuchato vari veanomutsara nharaunda ye peninsula. Low light rekusimudzira kwehupfumi hwenzvimbo idzi hadzina kubvumira tsika yemuno.
Sezvo zvavakatsotsi zvemhosva zvichiratidza mukukumbira kuAlexander I, pakanga pasina munhu asina kuroora anogona kutaura chiRussia. Zvimiro zvakadaro zvakakanganiswa zvakashata padanho redzidzo, iyo yakazoitwa mumutauro mukuru weumambo.
Njodzi Kymchakov
Pasinei nematambudziko, huwandu hwevatsotsi nezvishoma zvakawedzera. Pakutanga kwezana remakore rapfuura, makanga vatove vanhu vanopfuura chiuru paPeninsula, uye kutanga kwakatanga kurwa kukuru kwehondo, nhamba yacho yasvika zviuru gumi.
Nzvimbo dzekugara kwevanhu vanhu vaSimferopol, feodosia, Kerch. Mazita emapurazi emubatanidzwa akagadzirwa muna 20s - "Crimea" uye "Yeni Crimea" iri kutaura zvakare nezvekukosha uye kuwanda kweiyo Ethnos.
Kugara kweGerman kweCrimea kunova dambudziko reCrimea. Munguva yeiyo nguva yeGerman Fascist Vanopinda, vanenge 78-80% yeboka iri revaPeninsula huwandu hwevanhu vakaparara. Sekureva kwehuwandu, hapana vanhu veSoviet Union vakatambanudza maGerman sechisimba semutsotsi.
Mumakore ehondo-Hondo, kune chete mazana manomwe emutsotsi mumutsotsi. Kuputika, kwakashandiswa nevapambi vane utsinye, kwaisaidza kuti Estnos. Kunyangwe munguva yedu, nyaya yekupona kwevatsotsi idambudziko rakakosha. Nhasi, zvikamu chete pakati pevamiriri vechirume vakachengeta ruzivo rwemutauro wechiHebheru, chikamu chidiki kwazvo chinogona kutaura nezve mutauro warolect.
Mazuva ano, tsika zhinji dzechitendero, dzakatarwa nekymchaki kumazana emakore dzakange dziripo. Mumatsotsi emazuva ano, matsotsi anoramba ari mudiki kwazvo, nekuti nhamba yavo pamusoro penyika idzi haapfuure nhamba yevanhu mazana mana. Chii chichaitika kune nzanga mune ramangwana - zvakaoma kunyange kufunga.
Zvakangodaro, ndinotenda kuti kunyengeterera vanhu vemhosva nevanhu vanoparara pakutanga. Kurasikirwa kukuru uye mabwe ezana ramakore rapfuura yaive dambudziko reKrymchakov, asi dzinza ravo - Albeit zvakanyanya zvishoma - richiramba richirarama.
Ehezve, boka diki revanhu rinonetsa kwazvo kupa pakati pezvimiro zvakasiyana zvachose uye zvevatendi, asi madzinza mazhinji eSemitic akatoratidzwa kuti kunyangwe matambudziko anoshamisa anogona kukunda. Pamwe Krymchasi achaurayawo mune izvi.