Mune chirongwa chitsva paTV chiteshi tnv, kubvunzurudzwa nemasayendisiti akasarudzika emasayendisiti uye nyanzvi dzinoburitswa pamasvondo.
Mumiriri weMumhanzi uye Mathematics, Associate purofesa Marat Vazichavich Brat Vazichich akava gamba renzvimbo yebasa rakakosha.
Mubvunzurudzo nemunyori, TNV, Lotfullin akataura nezve tambo nekunatswa kwevanhu paruzivo rwemitauro yakati wandei, padzidzo yenyika pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechi20, pamwe nehurumende-mutauro nyanzvi dzemitauro.
"Kune dzidzo mumutauro weTatar, asi muRussia - ivo havana kusiyana muzvinhu"
- Iwe wakamira pamavambo enzvimbo dzenyika mumakore makumi mapfumbamwe. Zvinokurudzira uye zvakabudirira zvauri kuona nhasi?
- Ehe, ini ndaive mumwe wevanhu vaiita dzidzo yenyika. Ipapo boka rakakura revadzidzisi rakashanda, iri basa rakaunganidzwa uye munhu mumwe haangatombogona kuita basa rakadaro. Chokwadi ndechekuti tishandise mutsara wechizvarwa, zvinoshandiswa mukuverenga vanhu, uye vanhu vanoishandisa, asi ane revo revo yekunzwisisa munyika uye muRussia. Semuenzaniso, muRussia mukududzirwa kweTishkov, uhwu mutauro uyo munhu iyeye. Nyika inoonekwa semutauro wekuzvarwa - mutauro wevanhu vavo.
- Iwe une mutsauko here?
- Big musiyano! Munhu anogona kunge asina mutauro wekuzvarwa uye ichi chiratidzo chekusimudzira. Semuenzaniso, maererano ne2007 Census, tatars 5 mamirioni avo 1 miriyoni havatauri mutauro. Izvi zvinoreva kuti tatar na 2010 ndeye 25% pritimilation. Ini ndinofunga, pamhedzisiro yehuwandu hwegore rino, chiratidzo ichi chinowedzera. Naizvozvo, mutauro womumwe mutauro wevanhu vako. Kune tatars, mutauro weRussia weRussia hausi, kunyangwe kana vasina tatar.
- i.e. Kuzivikanwa uye mutauro wakabatana?
- Yakabatanidzwa kwazvo! Nekufamba kwenguva, kwete kugona mutauro mutauro kuchazotungamira kune chokwadi chekuti munhu acharasikirwa netsika yevanhu vake.
- Mushure mokuva mazera mangani?
- anenge 2 zvizvarwa. Ini ndoda kugara pane nyaya yedzidzo yenyika, izvo zvinoreva kuti kune imwe mhando yedzidzo isina kwavakarerekera. Asi, dzidzo chero ipi nyika. Naizvozvo, izwi rekuti rondedzero yenyika ishandirwi, inoiswa munyika yedu. Kune dzidzo mumutauro weTatar, asi muRussia - ivo havana kusiyana muzvinhu! Zvakafanana zvinokatikati uye ruzivo.
- Basa redzidzo yenyika uye kugona mutauro mutauro wakabatanawo pfungwa dzakabatana?
- Ehe, chokwadi, zvakananga! Nekuti mutauro hauna kugarwa nhaka. Munhu wega wega akazvarwa asina mutauro.
- Asi isu tinoti pane zvinhu zvematare, mhuri kana chikoro chete?
- Chikoro - Chinhu Chekutanga! Mhuri chete kana munhu akarara. Kupfuura zvese, hupenyu hwese hwunoitika muTindergarten, kubasa, kuchikoro.
- Asi vanhu vazhinji vanoti mutauro weTatar unofanirwa kuchengetwa mumhuri ...
"Dai zvaive zvakadaro, saka tatars yeKazan yaisazobatanidza vana vavo." Kupfuura zvese, pavakasvika kubva mumusha wemutauro wavo, vaizvitaura nezvazvo, asi vana vavo vataurirana muRussia.
"TATTS yakapinda Russia ine nyika dzadzo, havana kuwa kubva kumwedzi!"
- Wakaita sei dzidzo muNative yako (Tatar) Mutauro muma 90s? Chii chatasvika ikozvino?
- The 90s makore ekurasira, kupora. Kana iwe ukatarisa nyaya yacho, ipapo madatari agara aine tsika yakanaka kwazvo yedzidzo. Usati wajoinha Russia uye mushure mekujoinha Russia, iyi tsika yakachengetedzwa. Ehezve, kune imwe nyika makore mazana maviri yaive pasi pevhu, asi kubva muna 1700 yakatenderwa zviri pamutemo mosque uye navo maMadasa nemapeturu ese akagamuchira dzidzo.
Muna 1870, chirongwa chekuumba kuumbwa kwevatorwa vakatorerwa muRussia, yakatorwa neTolstoy. Iyo ine chikamu chakaparadzaniswa, chakakura chematangi. Uye mushure mekuchinja, chisikwa chiri panzvimbo yemamiriro ezvinhu edzidzo mumutauro weTatar. Iyo Great Gumi rwekushomhoukuru yaive sununguko yenyika. Vamwe vanhu vaiwanzo kusunungurwa, semuenzaniso, maFinns, danda rakagadzira mamiriro akapatsanurwa. TATARS munhoroondo yedzidzo yakasara sechikamu cheRussia, asi kwavari pakanga paine mamiriro ese ekusimudzira dzidzo.
- Zvakaita nguva yakareba here?
- kusvika 1934. Izvi zvisati zvaitika, tatar haina dzidzo yeruzhinji, yaivapo pakubhadharwa nevanhu. Dzidzo yaive muRussia chete uye yemahara, uye tatar yakadzidziswa kumutengesi yavo. Uyezve, muMadrasa, zvakarambidzwa kudzidza masvomhu, chemistry, biology. Madrasa "Izh-Bub-bub-bub-bub-bub-bub-inozivikanwa nekuda kwekuti ikoko vakatanga kudzidzisa zvinhu mumutauro weTatar uye izvi zvakaiswa mutorongo kwemakore gumi.
Muna 1920, Republic of Tatarstan yakasikwa, asi yatove mugore rechigumi nemasere, yekutanga yemutemo yaive iyo yekutanga, yekumanikidza, yekutanga, mutauro weTatar. Paive nenhoroondo yevana vese vezera rechikoro, pamatanho ese, kusvika kuyunivhesiti. Ndakatarisa machira muMoscow, iyo data yakachengetwa ipapo pachikoro chimwe nechimwe mumatunhu ese eRussia.
- Zvakaitika sei kuti zvese zvakaitika sei?
- Vadzidzisi vakadhindwa, vadzidzisi vakagadzirira muOmsk, Tomsk, UFA, Orenburg. Vakashanda zechils, pekutanga vadzidzi. Muimba yekuparidza "kujekeswa" yakaburitswa mabhuku, bazi chete rakange rakashanda muKazan. Aya mabhuku mabhuku akatambanudzwa muRussia yose. Muushumiri hwe dzidzo yaive Dhipatimendi redzidzo yenyika, iyo yose inodzorwa. Iko hakuna madhiri eDiaspora muRussia, nekuti Russia ndiyo nzvimbo yekuzvarwa yematangi. Tatars anogara muUSA - Diaspora. TATAS yakapinda muRussia nenyika dzadzo, havana kuwa kubva kumwedzi!
Muna 1934, akabvumidzwa sarudzo yemahara yemutauro wekudzidza watinozvikudza. Asi izvi hazvisi kufambira mberi kune zvese zvekutanga zvesainzi pepagegical science, nekuti vese vadzidzisi vakuru veKamensky, Disterweg, Ushsinsky vakati dzidzo inofanira kunge iri mumutauro wavo wekuzvarwa. Disterweg akati: "Vadzidzisi havafanirwe chete mutauro wekudzidzisa, vanofanira kunge vari vamiriri vevanhu ava, vatakuri vechirwere."
Gare gare, zvikoro zvine tatar zvakatanga kuvhara, kudzidziswa kwevadzidzisi kwakamira. Asi natisk inokosha yakatanga muna 1937, yatoburitsa bvunzo yemutauro weRussia, uye mumutauro wavo wakabviswa, kunyora kwaichinjirwa kuCyrillic. Munguva yehondo huru yeNyika, mese maIndia edegogical mune dzimwe tsika dzakavharwa mupfungwa kushaya mari uye mapepanhau zvakare. Uye zvakasikwa, zvikoro zvisina kudzidziswa zvakavharwa.
MuTatarstan, kwemakore mana evadzidzisi muTatar, ivo havana kugadzirira.
- Unoreva here?
- masvomhu, makemikari, biologist.
- i.e. Ndivo vanofanira kudzidzisa mumutauro here?
- Ehe! Nekuti ini ndinonzi demo iyi, uye kugadzira chigadzirwa - iwe unoda tenzi. MuTatarstan pakanga paine imwe mutemo, imwe pakadzika - mutauro weTatar zvakaziviswa, uye chirongwa chekutanga kwemutauro weTatar kune hupenyu hwakagamuchirwa. Iye zvino tine mutauro weTatar hauna kushandiswa muhupenyu. Asi mumutauro weTatar, unogona kuita dzidzo yepamusoro, kugadzirwa. Mutauro weTatar unosanganisirwa muhuwandu hwemitauro yeEuropean nerubatsiro rwemari. Semuenzaniso, ndakaita mharidzo kune imwe yemisangano muMoscow nezve chiitiko chezvikoro nemutauro weTatar zvekudzidziswa, ndakati zvidzidzo zvese zvinodzidziswa muTatar. Kubva kuimba yakabvunzwa mubvunzo: "Sei? Iwe unodzidzisa masvomhu mumutauro weTatar? Uye iwe unotora kupi mazwi? ", Uye ndinoti uripiko iwe, ndiye math, sinus uye cosine isingaonekwe mazwi eRussia ?! Chokwadi kwete! Ini ndakakwanisa kuvagonesa.
- Nei vabereki vachitya kupa vana vavo kuNational Gymnasiums?
- Nekuti pane propaganda! Tatar haazive masayendisiti avo. TATRS dzakabatana naani? Vatambi, vaimbi, mune zvakanyanyisa nyaya nevatori venhau nevanyori. Uye isu tine akawanda masayendisiti ane mukurumbira kwete chete muTatarstan, asiwo pasi rese! Semuenzaniso, Rashid Syunoyev, ari kunetseka kwazvo kuti hapana mutauro weTatar muKazan University, uye zviroto zvaro, uchitaura nezvazvo pamagariro ese.
- Asi isu tine iyo institute of tatar, kushandura ...
- Iwe uri kukanganisa, mumutauro weTatar. PaMehmate, Faris, hapana biofaq, asi kune nyanzvi munzvimbo idzi!
- Uhwu ndihwo chizvarwa chekupedzisira?
- Kwete! Muma 90s, pasina kumbogara pasina, takaburitsa vadzidzi vazhinji vane mutauro weTatar.
- Zvimwe zvakakodzera kuvaka yunivhesiti yenyika?
- Yunivhesiti inoreva kuve yePolylingval, kusanganisira tatar. Iko kushomeka kwemayunivhesiti edu eRussia - hapana chinetso chakasimba. Semuenzaniso, ini ndakadzidza Chirungu ndichiri muChikoro Chakapedza kudzidza, nekuti musayendisiti anofanirwa kunge ari pamberi pesainzi anofanira kuve neChirungu. Sayenzi Universal! Isu tinorarama muRussia uye tinofanirwa kuziva Russian, asiwo kuziva mutauro wekuzvarwa, hazvirwadze, asi zvinokwira munhu wese. Iye zvino munyika, maitiro ekutenderera nematuru nemakambani anokurudzira muridzi wevanhu vazhinji vane vanhu vakuru nemitauro madiki. Njama iyi iri kupatsanura, ivangoro uye inowedzera zivo.
- Dzidzo yePolylingval dzidzo ndeyekuita kwepasirese?
- Ehe! Uye mutauro wechizvarwa ndiko kugona kukuru kwekudzidzisa. Izvo. Munhu asingatauri mutauro wake wekunze haataranzi munhu akadzidziswa.
Arthur Islamov: "Kana iwe ukatora mimhanzi yemazuva ano, inonzwa senge zvishoma zvakanamatira mu 90s" - vhidhiyo
Tabris Yarullin: "Raibhurari yeNational Library iri nzvimbo kwete chete yekofi uye pikicha mu Instagram, ndiyo ndima yezvinoreva" - vhidhiyo
RIMMA BikMukhammeto:
Ilgiz Shakhraseviev: "Vana vanofanirwa kutsanangura kuti uyu ndiwo mutauro wako weTatar, uise zviyo, uye zvichamuka" - vhidhiyo