Pakati pezana ramakore rechi20, masayendisiti akatanga kunzwisisa kuti zvikamu zvekutanga - proton uye neutron hazvina nyore. Ivo havangove neakawanda madiki "zvidhinha", asi nguva dzose dzakaomarara dzekudyidzana dzezvikamu zvakakosha zvichaitika mukati mavo. Nekudaro, maererano nemhedzisiro yezvidzidzo zveProton chimiro muma1960s, zvakazoitika kuti zvine zvikamu zvitatu, izvo zvakazodaidza kuti kupopothana.
Iyo yekutanga muenzaniso yaireva kuti muProton - zvikamu zvitatu: maviri kumusoro uye imwe yakaderera. Kureba kwakakura Epithets kunoshandiswa neDefaphrialICALSE FAFICISTS, ivo vanongobatsira kuita kuti mazwi ave nyore uye akajeka zvishoma. Iyi yakajeka mhando (inodaidzwa kuti yadamwa chaizvo - "NAIVE") Nezvipfeko zvitatu muProton zvakabatsira kutsanangura mizhinji yakacherechedzwa panguva dzekuedzwa Asi hazvisi zvese.
Gare gare zvaigoneka kutanga kuti kuvapo kwemavara matatu chete haana kutsanangura chimiro cheProton. Kana muchidimbu, nhevedzano yekuedza mukutsungirira kwakadzika marudzi ezvikamu izvi zvakaratidza kuti zvese zvinonyanya kuomarara. MuPurotoni pane matatu "main" quark (maviri epamusoro uye imwe yepasi), pamwe nevakawanda vakaroora Quarari Antiquarian, iyo inogara ichiitika uye arnhile. Ndokunge, kutaura idi, iyo inclon yakanaka ndeye "soup" kubva pakubata zvisina kufanira zvidimbu zvakakosha.
Asi mune ino kesi, dambudziko rakamuka: Sei mune imwe neimwe nguva yenguva nhatu zvipuka mukati mePurotoni hapana vaviri nenzira yeAntiquark? Izvi zvinopesana zvakawanda zvekuverengera kuverenga uye zvinotaridzika zvisiri zvisina kujairika maererano nefficcs. Chaizvoizvo, mubvunzo uri pamusoro nderimwe chinhu cheiyo yakakosha asymmetry yeProton.
Uye kunyangwe pasina mvumo yake, yakanga ichiri kujekesa chimiro cheiyo nguva yegumi nenomwe. Nyika. Fizikisi yakatarisana nePronspors yakafukidzwa neyakawandisa kune simba rakakwirira uye zvakanyorwa zviitiko zvezviitiko zvakadaro. Zvadaro zvaigoneka kusimbisa iyo asymmetry yekugoverwa kwemakakava muzvikamu zvemhando dzakamanikana nekukasira kweiyo "matarnal" chidimbu. Uye pahwaro hweiyi data, iri kure yakaitwa uye regai vanoti vatenderwa, asi vachiri kusimbiswa nekufungidzira: mune mamwe maProton, asymmetry, avo vanopfekedza, vachanyangarika.
Chirevo chakashinga chakazunza nzanga yesainzi, asi yaitaridzika zvine musoro. Saka nhamba yakati wandei yaimbove yakashanda yaifanira kukanda uye kuita chisikwa chevatsva. Neraki, kukosha kwenzira yesainzi yeruzivo ndeyekugara ichisimbiswa kwemhedzisiro. Naizvozvo, munguva pfupi yapfuura, kuyedza kutsva pazvinhu zvese zvakafanana fermilab. Uye akaruramisa zvakanyanya vatinoshanda navo vakawana anopfuura makore makumi maviri apfuura.
Mhedzisiro yeichi chiitiko ibhuku iri muzvinyorwa zvezera repanyoro, iro boka guru renyika dzese dzemafizikiti rakagadzirira. Yakapindwa nehunyanzvi kubva kuAmerican, Taiwanese, Taiwanese, Israyes neJapan Tekinoroji dzidziso, pamwe nemarabherari makuru eUnited States neJapan. Iyo huru yedata yedata yakaunganidzwa kuFermilab inowedzera mukati me e-906 / sequest yekuedza.
Kana mapuroteni maviri achideredza nehurombo hwakakwana hwekushambadzira, mapopiso mavari zvinopindirana. Kana kuti panzvimbo peizvozvo, quark yeimwe proton annhihihilates ine anti-mhenderekedzo yeimwe kana vice versa. Ingoisa, "Soups" zvakasanganiswa. Chigadzirwa chekutsakatiswa chakadai chichava chaiye (kureva kuti, hazvigone kuonwa zvakananga) Photon kana Z-Boon, izvo zvichaita kunge zvichangopunzika mumubhadharo wakapoteredzwa. Ndizvo nekubata izvi zvimedu nezvevanoona, masayendisiti anotonga maitiro ekudyidzana quark.
Kwayedza, boka remapuranga neesimba re120 gigaaaalelectorronvolt (kwete rekodhi, asi yakawanda Kugadzirisa chete mumugwagwa uye nefa chero zvimwe zvisizvo zvigadzirwa zvekubatanidza, pakati pechinangwa uye kune vanoongorora vakaisa mashanu-metrer metrum. Mhedzisiro yacho yakanga inonakidza: Iyo Asymmetry yakarondedzerwa imwe pamusoro yakachengetedzwa kuti ipfume, ichiita 10% yakawanda pulse yeiyo subatomic turchomic.
Ehezve, izvi hazvisi zvekuchinja zvakanyanya mufizikisi, asi zvakakomba zvekuedza kusimbisa kwefungidziro dzinoverengeka uye chikumbiro chekugadziriswa kwevamwe. Imwe nzira kana imwe, masayendisiti akatowedzera kuwedzera kunzwisisa kweiyo Proton chimiro. Uye izvi zvichawedzera kuunza michero yayo muminda dzakasiyana-siyana yesainzi uye tekinoroji: kubva kuCosmology neruzha uye Fizikisi kune Chemistry, mushonga uye nesainzi yemifananidzo.
Kunobva: Naked Science