Tsanangudzo yeiyo African Ostrich: Chitarisiko uye Mararamiro

Zvakaoma kufungidzira kuti kune shiri iri munyika, inokwanisa kukudziridza kumhanya kwekumhanya kusvika makumi manomwe km / h, kuva nehuremu hwemuviri muhombe, iyo inogona kurarama kanenge chero kupi. Izvi zvese ndezvemheni yeAfrica, zvinoshamisa uye zvinobatsira mune zvese shiri.

Tsanangudzo yeAfrican Ostrich

Iyo yeAfrica Ostrich ishe isingadzorere shiri isingazive nzira yekubhururuka uye isina keel. Chete chitarisiko chemazino chakachengetedzwa zuva razvino.

Mabviro

Masayendisiti akaziva kuti madzitateguru ekare mazhinji eshiri idzi aigara muSouth Africa makore makumi maviri nematatu apfuura. Yaive yepakati siki (yakaderera pane izvozvi) uye yekutanga. Anenge makore gumi nemashanu emakore apfuura, mamwe emhoti yakapinda turkey, uye kubva ipapo vakagadziriswa munzvimbo yose yeAsia.

Iko kumwe kushanduka kweshiri idzi kwakaitika muEurasia pamusoro peiyo miocene. Mamiriro ekunze aive anotevera: Kutonhorera, kudhonza ndima yacho. Asi paminda yakapamhama makanga mune savannahs, kwavakararama aya mhou muchiri pasi penzvimbo dzakanyanyisa uye hwepamutanga kwenguva yakareba.

Chitarisiko

African Ostrich ndiyo yakakura yemhando dzese dzeshiri dzinozivikanwa nemasayendisiti panguva yacho. Ngatimbokurukurai zvakadzama zvese zvese zvechitarisiko chake:

• Musoro. Yakakwana yakasimba, yakarongedzwa. Meso akakura, anopenya, semutemo, aine meso akareba eziso, ari mune yepamusoro eyelid, hapana ivo pasi. Kuona kwakanaka kwazvo. Iyo Auditory Apparatus inoonekwa zvakakwana nekuda kwenzvimbo isina kusimba munzvimbo yemusoro, iyo nzeve zvigaro zvakafanana nenzeve diki.
• Mapapiro. Underded, vane zvigunwe nemapoka. Iyo plumage yose muviri wakawanda, yakakora pamapapiro. Kazhinji, varume vane mitezo nhema, uye vakadzi vanonyatsonaka, havana kupenya - grey, yakasviba uye chena mavara.
• Makumbo. Pamhepo dzeAfrican Ostrich pane kushayikwa zvachose kwepluma, pamwe neyechikamu chehunhu. Mitezo yakasimba, mitezo mirefu ine zvigunwe zviviri, pane iyo iripo mhando yehwanda. Makumbo avo ane simba kwazvo zvekuti imwe yekurova inokwanisa kuita zvakakomba kukuvara uye kunyange kuuraya chero mhindu yakakura.
• Kureba uye uremu. Idzi ndidzo shiri hombe uye dzakakura kwazvo munyika. Kureba kwavo kunosvikira 2,5 metres, uye uremu hwave huchangoda kusvika 120 kg mumukadzi uye 150 kg mumurume.

Mararamiro uye maitiro

Ostrich inogona kuzvibata nehasha pamunhu kana achirwisa ndima yavo. Iyi nyaya inonyanya kuitika, asi zvakadaro, inovaratidza seshiri dzekusununguka uye dzinorwara.

Sarudza kutungamira mararamiro emunhandirwi. Mungave mapoka emhuri, ayo ane varume, vakadzi vanoverengeka nevana vavo. Kuwanda kwemapoka anosvika vanhu makumi matatu, uye madiki madiki kumaodzanyemba anogara seboka raisanganisira mazana eshiri.

African Ostres inogona kazhinji kuve pedyo nedzimwe herbivores, gara pamwe uye uve neushamwari. Nekuda kwekukura kwayo kukuru uye chiono chakanakisa, vanogona kuzivisa njodzi kumhuka dzese dziri pedyo.

Hibernation

African Ostrices anokwanisa kunyatsoendesa nguva yechando pane iyo nzvimbo yeCis yepakati mitsetse, iyo inokonzerwa nemapikicha akanaka kwazvo uye hutano hwakanaka.

Paunenge uchiramba uine hutapwa, dzimba dzakanyatsochinjika dzehuku dzinodziya dzinoiswa neshiri dzakadai. Ivo vanhu vakaberekerwa munguva yechando pahutano vane simba zvakanyanya uye rubatso kupfuura shiri, vakaberekerwa uye vakura munguva yezhizha.

Subspecies

Kusvika parizvino, 4 chete subspecies iyo inogara muAfrica inochengetedzwa. Pakutanga, kwaive nezvimwe zvacho, asi nekuda kwekuparadzwa kweshiri, huwandu hwavo hwakarambidza zvikuru. Funga nezve zvese zvatisarudziro zvakasiyana:

• Kujairika mhou. Maonero makuru. Ane mhou pamusoro wake, uye paws nemutsipa zvakapendwa mumumvuri wepinki-tsvuku. Mukadzi pane yeganda rakatsvuka-rutsvuku. Izai yeiyo yakajairika estrich ine pores mune fomu yeyeredzi.
• Masay Ostrich. Anogara kuEast Africa. Munguva yekuzvara, ganda rayo rinova rakatsvuka, nguva yese ine mumvuri wepink. Vakadzi ndivo varidzi vebhuruu grey grey plumage uye mitezo yakachena.
• Somali Ostrich. Mamwe masayendisiti uye vanotsvaga vatsvagiri vakagovera mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana nekuda kwekuzviparadzanisa, vanozivikanwa neiyo kuongorora kweDNA. Somali Ostrich Vakadzi vanogara vakakura kupfuura vanhurume. Kurema kwavo kunosvikira 150 kg, uye kukura kwemamita anenge 2,5. Ruvara rweganda revanhurume ruzha-grey-grey, uye vakadzi vanosiyaniswa neminhenga dzakapenya.
• Southern Ostrich. Iva neakasviba grey uye mwenje dema color. Nzvimbo yekugara yakawandisa: Namibia, Zambia, Angola.

Nzvimbo Dzazvino

Zvichienderana nesarudzo, iyo nzvimbo yekugara yeiyo African Ostrich iri kuchinja. Kazhinji, minhenga inoedza kutsvaga zvinotevera mamiriro ezvinhu ehupenyu:

• Savannah. Ostrichs nekuda kwezvakangoita zvechisikigo uye kudiwa kwekukurumidza kufamba kunoda hermanys uye nzvimbo uko mashoma miti. Pano inzvimbo yakanaka kwazvo yekuenderera mberi ne genus uye hutano. Panyika dzakatsauka, mhuka dzese dzakanaka dziri padyo, kusanganisira zvikara. Naizvozvo, kana paine njodzi, mhou dzinogona kutumirwa pamberi.
• Semi-renje. Munguva yekuvhiya kwemazai, boka reAfrica Ostrich rinogona kuwanikwa ikoko. Nekudaro, ivo havararame muSahara Desert. Nekuti nerudzi rwakadai shiri sezvo shiri yakaoma kumhanya, iyo inodiwa kwavari. Sarudzo yakakwana yehupenyu ichave iri hafu-yegwenga ine nyika yakasimba uye madiki madiki.

Kune nzvimbo dzinoedza kubhururuka parutivi rwemitsipa inonyanya kusviba nzvimbo, dzakakwirira zvisingaiti matanda emakwenzi nemiti, jecha nejecha rakawanda.

Vavengi vechisikigo

Ostrich mune zvakasikwa ine vavengi vazhinji vakasiyana. Funga zvakadzama kuti njodzi dzakakomba uye dzipi dzinotakura dzinotakura:

• Zvikara. Aya ndiwo mataishi, makava neshiri, varwi uye vachiparadza matendere avo ane huku dzisina kudzivirira. Ndokusaka panguva yekukwana uye kukura kwenyuchi, huwandu hwemazwi eAfrica zvakakura. Asi vana vanogona kutiza panjodzi musi waChikunguru 30 mushure mekuzvarwa. Muridziwa makuru chete anorwiswa pane vamwe vakuru: Shumba, tiger, ingwe, dzeetahs. Asi masairo ane nzira dzinobudirira dzekudzivirira, mhuka dzinoyevedza dzinogadzira kurwiswa nekuchenjerera.
• Pocers. Ivo vanotakura zvakanyanya kusarongeka kukuvara kwevagari. Vavhimi vanouraya mapoka ese, vangangosvika 30-80. Ivo vanotengesa zvisiri pamutemo ganda, minhenga, nyama, majongwe mazai. Nzira yekubatanidza mapurisa ikozvino iri imwe - kubereka vanhu papurazi kuti vawane zvese zvakanaka zvezvipfuyo zvakakura kwazvo, kwete kubva pakuuraya kweshiri dzese.
• Vashanyi. Kwavari, ingori varaidzo chete, saka vanofara kuvhima shiri dzinobva kuherikoputa. Zvakaoma kurwa navo uye simba rakarambidza kutumira kunze kwe chero mhando yezvigadzirwa zveOstrich kubva munyika.

Munhu anotakura njodzi huru kune veAfrica mhou. Pasinei nekuvhunika, kumhanya kwakanyanya, mitezo yakasimba uye density yemazai, vanhu vakawana nzira yekuparadza vanhu kuti vabatsirwe.

Hutano hweAfrican Ostriches

Ostrich ine chikafu chakasiyana. Vanogona kudya uswa, matavi, midzi, zvidyarwa uye maruva. Asi havazorambwi kubva pamatanda madiki, zvasara zvekudya kwevakarairwa, zvipembenene.

Sezvo shiri isina meno, ivo vanamedza mabwe madiki kuti chikafu chinyoreso chiri nani mudumbu.

Idzi shiri dzinogona kushaiwa pasina mvura kwenguva yakareba, uye ivo vanogadzira unyoro kubva padhirowa. Nekudaro, kana uchiona reservoir, inoshandisa kugona kwayo uye kwete chete kuenda, asiwo inosvikawo.

Huwandu uye chimiro che fomu

Mumazana emakore apfuura, vateveri veOstrich vakakurumbira kwazvo, saka huwandu hwacho hwaderedzwa zvakanyanya. Asi nekuda kwekuvapo kwekuvapo kwekuzvarwa, izvi zvakakwanisa kuchengetedza kubva mukunyangarika.

Iye zvino African Ostrich iri mubhuku dzvuku nekuda kwekuti huwandu hwezvipfuyo mune zvichaderedzwa nekukurumidza. Izvi zvinokanganisa kuvakwa kwemigwagwa mitsva, zvivakwa, vavhimi uye kunyange vanhuwo zvavo vanotenda kuti nyama yemhirizhonga inogona kubata chirwere cheshuga.

Kubereka uye kutarisira kwehupenyu

Usati waisa mazai, murume anodhonza gomba. Mukadzi mukuru weboka anokurumidza mazai ese mazuva makumi mana. Iye ari kuita mumazuva ese aya, rally chete zvekudya uye kutambudzwa kwemanyoro madiki. Usiku, murume anogara pamazai.

Mumwe mukadzi anokwanisa kutumira kusvika kumazai gumi. Ostrich zai ndiyo yakakura kwazvo munyika. Kurema kwayo ndeye 1.5-2 kg, uye pakureba ndeye inenge 15 cm.

Mushure memazuva makumi mana iyo chick chich Maitiro aya anotora rinenge awa. Inotyora ganda neriputi nemusoro. Kana dzimwe huku dzinobva kuvana dzakatadza kuoneka, ipapo mukadzi pachezvake anovhura zai. Ini ndicharemera 1 kg sey, ndotanga kuona, kuve fluff. Kwemazuva makumi matatu, vanogona kukurumidza kumhanya zvakakwana.

Kurema kweOstrich kunova anenge 25 kg mumwedzi mitanhatu mushure mekuzvarwa. Mushure memakore maviri, vanhurume vanofukidzwa neminhenga nhema, zvisati zvaitika sezvakaita vakadzi. Kukura kwavo kunowanzoonekwa nemaitiro acho zvishoma nezvishoma uye zvishoma nezvishoma. Kunyanya kwenguva yakareba ivo vanokudziridza manhamba.

Hupenyu hwepamusoro hwehupenyu hwetarisiro yemasendimita anenge makore makumi masere, asi vazhinji vavo vanogara 35-40.

Hupfumi hwakakosha

Vanhu vari kuita zvemukati uye kubereka kweshiri idzi kuti vawane ganda rinodikanwa uye nyama. Wechipiri unokosha mune izvo mukuumbwa kwayo ndewekutsamira. Mukuwedzera, iwe unogona kuwana minhenga nemazai.

Mapurazi mazhinji anowanikwa muAfrica, asi kunyange nyika dzinotonhora dzakatoita hunyanzvi uhu. Isu tichaongorora zvakadzama kupfuura zvinobatsira mhou:

• Nyama. Yakadzvanya kwazvo nyama yemombe nemafuta akaderera. Nyama yeOstrich ndiyo inodya zvakanyanya papasi, iyo muzana ye cholesterol mune idiki kwazvo. Iwe unogona kuwedzera huwandu hweiyo mhou, iwe unogona kugonesa iyo yakachipa girini chikafu uye hay, uye yekubuda, inozoitika kune 40 kg yenyama yakachena nemunhu akachena. Izvo zvinobatsira zvakanyanya pane kuve nenguruve dzinoda kudya chikafu chinodhura.
• Ganda. Kunze kweiyo Ostrich matehwe anoitwa mukuda, ganda rakakosha uye rinodhura, risiri rakaderera kune ganda reganda mumhando. Pazera remasikati, iwo akanakisa matanda, ayo akange asina nguva yekukuvara.
• Minhenga. Kwenguva yakareba, iyo shiri plum yakanakidzwa mukuda kukuru pakati pevakadzi. Pane izvi, zvinhu zvekushandisa zvakagadzirwa. Mazhinji minhenga zvaishandiswa sechinhu chekushongedza muHarsi's Hat, nekuda kwekuti mhou dzese dzakange dzave dzakaparadzwa.
• Mazai. Kukosha kwesimba kwemazai eOstrich ndeye 118 KCAL pa 100 g yechigadzirwa. Izvo hazvinyanye kusiyanisa nemazai ekurira. Zai rose rakakwana, zvekuti kune vanhu gumi nevaviri.
• Zvimwe zvigadzirwa. Masayendisiti anobva munyika yemushonga akaisa kuyedza pamabhawa. Mafuta anoshandiswa mune zvigadzirwa zveCosmetic, semuenzaniso, mumhuri dzinobviswa kubva kune hunyoro uye ganda rakatsetseka.

Iko kukosha kwehupfumi kwemazino kwakakura, ivo vanokwanisa kuunza zvikomborero zvakawanda. Kubva pane imwe pfungwa yehupfumi yekuona, zvirimo zvavakaita bhajeti uye yakaorera. Kwayedza nyama nemazai eOstrich? Unoita sei? Anonaka kwazvo, akasiyana kwazvo nedzimwe shiri 0% akaedza (la), hapana chisina kujairika 0% haana kuedza (la) 100% show mhinduro yakavhota: 2

Fungidziro yeAfrican Ostrich

Izvo zvinozivikanwa zvakavimbika kuti kuyedza kudzikama mhou yeAfrica yakaitika mune yakapfuura muIjipita yekare. Nekudaro, chete muzana remakore chete re19 rwokutanga rakavhurika, raive muAmerica. Mushure meizvozvo, mapurazi eOstrich akazova zvakawanda zvega zvese pamusoro penyika. Iye zvino vanofumbwa mune dzinopfuura makumi mashanu nyika dzenyika.

Shiri dzinokwanisa kukurumidza kujairana nemamiriro ekunze ane hutsinye, kunyangwe vaimuzivikanwa. Hazvizokanganisiri kuti vafambe makumi matatu degree chando, asi madonhwe akapinza, akanyorova uye akanyorova nechando pamhiri shiri vanoita zvakanyanya, nekuda kweizvi vanogona kurwara uye kuparara.

Zvinoita here kuti uzviungire?

Ostrich - shiri yakakura uye inoshamisa, asi yakaoma uye yakaoma. Saka kuti shiri yaive yakagadzikana kurarama papurazi, iwe unofanirwa kuve nemamiriro ezvinhu anotevera:

• Pedyo panjodzi panofanirwa kuve nenzvimbo yemuhe wemauto akapusa ayo zvidyarwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvichaitika kumera;
• Kuvapo kweimba inodziya yakadziyirwa, semazino anofarira mamiriro anodziya mamiriro ezvinhu, kunyangwe kunyangwe akatsungirira;
• Pane imwerume, inodikanwa kuti iite vakadzi vatatu --4, nekuda kweizvi, kubereka kwavo chaiko kunoverengerwa.

Izvo zvakakosha kubata neshiri nokungwarira uye nokungwarira, nekuti ivo vanogona kuzvibata nehasha munguva yehukama hwehukama, vachidzivirira huku yavo nemazai.

Kuberekerwa kweAfrican Ostrich kunogona kuwanikwa muvhidhiyo:

Dziviriro yeType

Ostrich yaida zvakanyanya uye zvakakomba zvekuchengetedza zviitiko. Sangano rinoshanda naSugar vakasarudza kukurudzira vanhu kubatsira kuponesa huwandu hwevanhu vodzokera kune kuda kuda. Nhasi, iyo Saharan Fund yakatove yakakwanisa kuwana kubudirira kukuru mukudzivirira kweAfrican Ostrich.

Kambani yakaratidza mukurerwa kweimwe nhanho dzinokosha mukuvakwa kwemari, kwakabvunzana nehunyanzvi pamusoro weshoko rekubereka muutapwa. Kubatsira kukuru kwakapihwa kune imwe yeZoos mukuberekeswa kweiyo mhou.

Yakagadzira mereri mumusha weAfrica nemamiriro ese ezvinhu anodiwa emiti kumabvazuva. Kutsigira zviremera kwakabatsira kubvisa shiri dzeshiri dzinochengetedzwa uye kuvasunungura kuti vaite kuti vaenderere mberi nehupenyu hwavo munzvimbo yekugara.

Kutenda kune matanho akatorwa kuchengetedza shiri, zvinoita kuti udzivise kukudzwa kwakajeka kwekugara uye kuchengeta huwandu hwevanhu.

Ostrich - yakasarudzika shiri nenzira yake. Ane nyaya hombe, yakanyatsogadzirirwa kurima uye haidi pekugara. Varimi vazhinji vanogutsikana nesarudzo yekutanga kubereka mhou, sezvavanogamuchira kubatsirwa kwakawanda kubva kwavari.