Iyi inhau yekutanga, iyo kamwechete uye zvachose yakachinja mharidzo yemasayendisiti nezve satellite emapuraneti egirini yeiyo solar system system syar system system system system syar system.
Runyararo rwekushanya - voyager
Mukupera kwapera makore makumi matanhatu emakore apfuura, NASA YAKABUDA SEATUL SEPA chirongwa, mukati mayo masayendisiti akaronga kutumira midziyo mana eiyo solar system kune mapuraneti ekunze. Vaviri muna 1977 - kuenda kuJupita, Saturn, Pluto, miviri more muna 1979 - kuna Jupita, Uranus, Neptune. Asi, sezvinowanzoitika muindasitiri yepadenga, hurumende yeUS yakabvisa zvakanyanya mari yemari. Akarapwa mukuda kweiyo yakatenderwa SHTIL chirongwa - kubva pamabhiriyoni emadhora kusvika pamamiriyoni mazana matatu emadhora. NASA nyanzvi dzakatsausa purojekiti uye akafunga kutumira maviri panzvimbo yezvakarukwa zvina. Ehe, uye huwandu hwemiviri yekuedzwa yakaderera. Panzvimbo yechitanhatu ikozvino, pakanga paine vatatu vavo: Jupita, Saturn, Titan. Nyika yekupedzisira yainyanya kufarira. Rondedzero yacho inosanganisira nekuda kwekuti iyi ndiyo chete satellite yeiyo sosi system system, ine mamiriro ekunze.
Puble miviri yemariner yakagadzirirwa kutiza: "Mariner-11" uye "Mariner-12". Nhungamiro dzemhando iyi yeNASA inoshandiswa kubva muna 1962, panguva dzakasiyana ivo vakatumirwa kuVenus, Mars uye Mercury. Chirongwa chikuru chekushanya chakataurwa mariner jupita-saturn, uye muna 1977 chirongwa chakapihwa zita idzva - voyager. Zvino probabs yakanzi "Voyager - 1" uye "Voyager - 2". Ivo vaviri vakaenda munzira muna 1977 nemusiyano wemazuva gumi nematanhatu. Pakutanga yakarongwa kuti hupenyu hwebasa hwemabhiza angave makore mashanu, asi, sezvaunoziva, kubhururuka kwavo kwave kuri kweanenge makore 44.
Makamera "voyagerov"
Pane bhodhi "voyagerrov" kune maviri maviri terevhizheni camera - yakafara-kona uye yakatetepa-karned. Nzvimbo dzekutarisa dzeShensions dzadzo 200 mm uye 1500 mm, ikaona angle ye3,2 ° uye 0.42 °, zvichiteerana. Iyo webhusaiti yeNASA inoti mvumo yekamuri yakatetepa-yakarukwa yakakwana kuti uverenge mapepanhau ari kure kubva kure ari kure kwe1 km. Panguva iyoyo, idzi ndidzo dzaive dzepamberi makamera akamboiswa munzvimbo dzisina nzvimbo.
Iyo data yemidziyo inochengeterwa pane iyo digital ribbon drive. Munguva yekudzidza kwepasi kana satellite yake, iyi data yakaunganidzwa nekukurumidza kupfuura zvavaigona kuendeswa pasi. Mune mamwe mazwi, panguva yekuzvisarudzira kuPlanethi, probe yakataura, kushora, mazana mashanu emakungwa, uye nekumhanyisa kutapurirana neruzivo rwePROBE, NASA yakasanganiswa network yeRadioLoscipes ye Iyo yakadzika nzvimbo yekutaurirana network yakadzika nzvimbo network (DSN). Maererano neNASE Site, Voyager-1 data inoendeswa kune Pasi pa 160 BPS, 34-mita uye 70-metres DSN antennas inoshandiswa kugamuchira chiratidzo.
[Verenga zvimwe, seSpacecraft inoendesa mifananidzo yepasi, unogona kubva kuchinyorwa chedu "kuti masayendisiti akawana sei mifananidzo yakagadzirwa neSpacecraft"
Imwe neimwe kamera ine yaro yemhete yemhete, iyo inosanganisira orange, yakasvibira, yebhuruu mafirita, inogona kusanganiswa kuti uwane mifananidzo mumavara echokwadi.
Heano muenzaniso wekupfura "Voyager-1" uchishandisa mafirita echiedza. Mufananidzo wepasi uye mwedzi unogadzirwa kubva kure kubva kure kwemazana 11.7 mama anenge mavhiki maviri mushure mekutanga iyo probe:
[NYAYA YEMAHARA INONE MUNYAYA Yedu: "Yokutanga Inosanganisira Pasi uye mwedzi munhoroondo. Cult Snapshot, iyo 43 makore apfuura yakagadzirwa "Voyager-1" "]
Jupita uye io
Mukutanga 1979, voyager-1 akatanga kuvhara naJupita. Mukufanana, akaita mifananidzo yeiyo Galilean Gas Gaant Satellite. Mifananidzo yeaya maSatellite haina kana masayendisiti masayendisiti. Nyanzvi dzakafunga kuti mumifananidzo yeVoyoger - 1, ivo vaizoona zvakafanana, vasina kusiyana nedzimwe mwedzi, asi panzvimbo yevaongorori, nyika dzenyika rakaonekwa neegeji yakasarudzika, kwete seyakafanana neegeji yemwedzi wedu.
YevaSatellite ese emaGarireya, nharaunda inonyanya kushamisika nesainzi naIo. Maererano nezvidzidzo zvekupindirana, IO zvinoita kunge masayendisiti semuviri zvishoma kupfuura mwedzi, asi zvakaburitswa nevacheke. Pane iyo yaunoda pamusoro peSatellite yeJupita, nyanzvi inotarisira kuwana deposits yemaronda akasiyana siyana. Asi io yakazova chinhu chaicho chenyika chaicho pasina chinoonekwa shuwa crater, yakafukidzwa neyisingazivi yero, orenji uye chena sediments. Mifananidzo yekutanga yegasi Gasi Satellite akasundira vazivi venyeredzi pfungwa yekuti mamwe maitiro ega anofanirwa kuitika paIo, iyo "yakagadzirwazve pamusoro, yakashambidzwa madhiri edhama."
Muna Kurume 1979, Voyager - 1 vakatora mufananidzo weIO pane refu kunzwisisa kubva kure kwemamirioni 4,5, yakavhura chidzitiro chechakavanzika chomwedzi uyu.
Mumufananidzo, NASA nyanzvi yakacherekedza gore raive mumazana emakiromita pamusoro pe "kuvhenekerwa" jeckle io. Mufananidzo uyu ndewe:
Pakutanga, masayendisiti akafunga kuti izvi zvaingova zvisizvo zvakaoneka panguva yekupfura, asi mushure mekuongororwa kwakadzama kwakajeka kuti gore raive rechokwadi. Sezvo io ine mamiriro ekunze akanyanya, vazivi venyeredzi vakaongorora kuti gore iri chiuno chinokonzeresa kubva kune ane simba kwazvo kuputika. Akapihwa dhizaini P1.
Mushure menguva pfupi, nhengo dzeboka rekutsvagisa vhezheni vakawana chimwe chitima pachiganho chezuva neusiku (terminator) yeIO, yakaitwa neP2.
Iyo New data yakatumirwa neLoyager-1 yakaratidza kuti P1 ndeyekuita kwechiitiko cheVirume Varigedhi, uye P2 inosanganiswa neViguhi Patera Patera Locks, umo iyo yakapfuma lava lava iri.
Nyanzvi dzakasvika kumhedziso yekuti kune mhirizhonga dziripo paIO, uye ivo vanonyanya kuve chikonzero che "diki satellite nzvimbo", uye yero, chena, maCommit haina chimwe chinhu kunze kwezvinhu zvacho zviri pamusoro pechinhu: vakasiyana vakasiyana-siyana, Sarufa, Sarufa diffical.
Pane imwe mifananidzo yeIO, yakawanikwa neLoyager - 1, masayendisiti akawana zvishwe zvisere zvose zvinoputika.
Kuvhurwa kwePROBE uye kwakazotevera kweSatellite yeJupita kwakabatsira nyanzvi dzakabatsira vanyanzvi vanonzwisisa kuti IO ndiyo nyika inoshanda inonyanya kushanda muhurongwa hwezuva, nhasi zvinoenderana ne400 kuputika kwemakomo anoputika.
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