Muna 1842, phepficist uye masvomhu eChristian Doppler akawana kuti kana sosi yakanaka uye murume anoratidzika uye anoonekwa achiona nemucherechedzi haawirirane neye frequency sosi yakanaka. Nhasi tinodaidza iyi phenomenon "Doppler basa" uye iri nerubatsiro rwaro nzizi dziri kutsvaga exoplans - nyika inotenderera dzimwe nyeredzi kunze kweiyo solar system yedu. 442 of 473, iyo exoplanets inozivikanwa nhasi yaonekwa uchishandisa doppler mhedzisiro, iyo inotsanangura shanduko mukuwanda kwemhando ipi neipi yerudzi kana mwenje wechiedza inogadzirwa nenzvimbo inofamba ichitenderera. Phenomonon yakavhurwa neAustria sainzi muzana remakore re19 chikamu chimwe chikamu chakakosha chezvinhu zvemazuva ano nezvekwashuhwidzo hwedu uye chinoshandiswa mukufungidzira nyeredzi, uye nekuongororwa kwenyeredzi dzezvirwere zvemwoyo.
Chii chinonzi doppler mhedzisiro?
Fungidzira hundwe, pakati peinogara nyuchi inogutsa. Pese paanozunza paws, inogadzira kupindira iyo inofamba nemvura. Kana idzi mbiri dzikaitika pane imwe nguva, ivo vanozogoverwa kubva pane izvi munzira dzese. Sezvo kutsamwa kwega kwega kunofamba mune imwe nharaunda, ivo vese vanozofamba mumativi ese pakumhanya kumwechete.
Muenzaniso wakasikwa neyebendekete beful ichave yakatevedza matenderedzwa inosvika kumucheto kweiyo puddles neiyo frequency imwe chete. Mucherechedzi panguva iyo (iyo yekuruboshwe yeiyo puddles) ichaona kutsamwa, kurova nehasha Muchokwadi, kuwanda uko denderedzwa iyo madenderedzwa emapepa eddles ichave yakafanana neiyo frequency iyo iyo inguruve inofambisa iyo paws, isu tichazvitsanangura nemapepa maviri echipiri.
Iye zvino ngatitii kuti beetle yemubhedha kusvika kune mucherechedzi b, inogadzira dreturbations neiyo kuwanda. Sezvo zvipembenene zvikaenda kurudyi, kutsamwa kwega kwega kunoitika pedyo nemunhu anoona mukati uye nekuenderera mberi kubva kumucherechedzi A uye, zvakakodzera, zvichasvikira anoona nekukurumidza. Panguva imwecheteyo, iye anoona angaita sekunge kuwanda kwekusvika kwekusvika kwakakwirira kupfuura kuwanda uko kunofambiswa nemhando idzi; ACOMERIV A, pane zvinopesana, zvinoita sekunge kuwanda kwedudziro yakaderera pane chokwadi. Muenzaniso uyu, uine tariro unoratidza doppler maitiro.
Zvinotowedzera zvinyorwa zvinonakidza pane zvenguva yemuviri kuti nyika yakachinja, verenga pane yedu yedendea. Pane zvinyorwa zvaiwanzoiswa zvakaburitswa zvisiri pane saiti!
Kana zvisiri, tinocherekedza kuti doppler mhedzisiro inogona kucherechedzwa kune chero mhando yeWave - mafungu emvura, mafungu ane mwaka, mwenje wechiedza uye zvichingodaro. Fungidzira kuti mota yemapurisa inofamba kuti isangane newe. Kana mota ichiswedera nayo ne lilac on, kurira kwevariridzi kunova kukuru, asi kunova munhu anobva azokunda, sezvo mota ichipfuura. Uyu ndeumwe muenzaniso weiyo doppler maitiro - chinjana chiri pachena chemugwagwa une ruzha rwakasikwa neSosi inofamba.
Ko doppler inoshanda sei basa?
Iyo doppler inobatsira zvikuru kune vazivi venyeredzi vashandise ruzivo nezve shanduko yemafungiro emagetsi emagetsi anogadzirwa nenyeredzi dzinofamba mune yedu girazi uye kupfuura. Muchokwadi, kufungidzira kwevanoongorora kuti zvakasikwa zvedu zvinowedzera nekuwedzera, zvimwe zvakavakirwa pazvinhu zvemafungu emagetsi zvakaburitswa nenyeredzi mumhuru dziri kure. Izvo zvakare zvinoita kuti uone chaiyo ruzivo nezve nyeredzi mukati mevarwi uchishandisa doppler system.
Telescopes yemazuva ano inobvumira nyeredzi dzinoongorora kuti dzidzidze nyeredzi dziri mumirasa iri kure. Semutemo, ivo vari kutsvaga masosi echiedza icho chinobvisa mafungu extromagnetic. Cherekedza mhedzisiro yeDoppler Vazivi venyeredzi kana nyeredzi inotenderera munzvimbo yayo yepamhepo uye inofamba yakananga pasi kana kubva pazviri. Aya mawlength mactifts anogona kuoneka sekuchinja kwakanaka muNyeredzi Spectrum - Murarongo mavara anoburitswa nechiedza.
Kana nyeredzi ikatamira kwatiri, mawlength yayo yakamanikidzwa, uye iyo spectrum inowana ruvara rweblue. Kana nyeredzi yabviswa kubva kwatiri, iyo spectrum inopenya tsvuku.
Kuti uongorore kutsvuka uye bhuruu glow, vazivi venyeredzi vanoshandisa spectrograph Muchidimbu chekunze kwenyeredzi imwe neimwe pane maatomu anotora mwenje pane mamwe mambakwedza, uye iyi yekukanda inoratidzwa muchimiro chemitsetse yakasviba mumhando dzakasiyana dzechitarisiko chenyeredzi. Vatsvagiri vanoshandisa shanduko mumitsetse iyi sevakarongedza mamakisi kuyera kukosha kweiyo doppler mhedzisiro.
Onawo: Maitiro aMandela - Nei vanhu vachirangarira izvo zvaisava?
Hazvibviri kuziva kuti doppler mhedzisiro inoshandiswa kwete muyemwere chete. Kutumira radar radys mumamiriro ekunze uye kudzidza shanduko mumasendimita ekudzosera marangi, meterologists ari kutsvaga mvura mumhepo. Iyo doppler inoshandawo mumushonga ne echocardiograms inotumira ultrasonic marara kuburikidza nekuyera shanduko muropa kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti moyo webumbiro unoshanda, kana kuongororwa zvirwere zvezvikara.