Hondo yeLivonia yakatanga muna 1558. Chikonzero chake chaive kukundikana kweDani kubva kuLivonia kuraira kweMoscow Kingdom. King Iv Grozny aida kutyora mutengesi wekare uye anowana nzira yekuenda kugungwa reBaltic. Nekudaro, mushure mekudonha kwehurongwa muna 1560 mumakakatanwa aya, izvo zvakatora chikamu chimwe chete muzana remakore, Humambo hweDenmark, Sweden naPoland yekunhuhwirira kweLithuania uye nemuroora. Kukonana kwenguva refu kwakakonzera shanduko huru mukati memapato makuru anopikisa: Pakupera kwe1560s. Mambo weMoscow akaunza zita reOkrichnin, uye Humambo hwePoland uye dunhu guru reLithuania rakabatana mukutaura mukutaura.
Hondo yakaenda nekubudirira kwakasiyana. Kusvika 1577 mauto akaedza kukunda munharaunda yeBaltic States neBelarus, asi iyo YavaPolish Polish Stefan Stefan Stefan Stefani yakakwanisa kuronga, iyo yakamiswa ichingopindirana nePSKOV's Contradend. Humambo hweMoscow uye Congwealth vakasemeswa zvakanyanya, saka munaDecember 15881 kutaurirana rerunyararo kwakatanga mumusha weCutchavov Gomo (pedyo neZapoSky yam, kumaodzanyemba kwePSKOV).
Mubvunzo mukuru muRunyararo Chibvumirano Chancey Livonia. Ivan Grozny aida kusiya chete Yuriev (ikozvino Tartu, Estonia). MaTororia aida kusiya Livonia, uye maguta eRussia. Nekuda kweizvozvo, Ivan Iv, achida kukunda mauto ake ese kurwisa vaSwedes akakunda kubva kuchamhembe kweswedes, akabvuma kupa muLivonia. Stephen Batorius, achiva nechokwadi chekusava netariro yekuedza kutora Pskov, akaenderera mberi nekubvumirana, achisiya maguta eRussia akatorwa uye mupiro.
Iyo PM-Zapolsky Mirny Chibvumirano pakati peHumambo Commical uye kutaura kweCovoweth kwakasainwa muna Ndira 15, 1582, maererano nemamiriro ayo, muscovy akaramba polotsk uye kuwanikwa kwawo muLivonia. Mukudzoka, matanda akasimbisa kudzosera maguta eRussia yakabatwa. Chibvumirano chakasimbisawo dhizaini kwenguva yakati wandei uye yakazivisa kuchinjanisa kwevasungwa. Nyika yeSipolsk haina kubvisa pfungwa huru pakati peHumambo hweRussia uye kutaura kwevakapindura muBaltic States, asi mutongi akagadzwa naye kusvikira nguva yambotambudzika muRussia.
Kunobva: http://www.hronount.ru.