Mumakore esimba reSoviet Simba, Nizhy Novgorod yakagadzira seyakakura maindasitiri uye yesainzi nzvimbo yenyika. Hwaro hwendasitiri yeguta nekuda kwehuwandu hwezvimwe zvikonzero zvinyorwa zvaive bhizinesi rehondo-maindasitiri. Kusvika muna 1992, chikamu chekugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri emabhizinesi aya aive anopfuura makumi mashanu muzana eiyo indasitiri yakazara yeguta. Netsika, nekuda kwehupfumi hweSoviet Union, Nevhy Novgorod Binishisisi yaive yakanyatsorondedzera kune vazhinji vatengesi vepedyo vaive munzvimbo dzese dzenyika.
Ndokusaka apo iyo USSR yakanga isipo muna 1991, chaizvo panguva imwe chete inotyora kubatana nevatengesi vaive kunze kwenyika. Kuvhiringidza kwekugoverwa uye zvisungo zvechibvumirano kwakatyora rwiyo rwebasa remabhizinesi, zvakaburitsa kusagadzikana kwekugadzirwa, asi zvakare kusakwanisa kugadzira mamwe marudzi anoda zvimwe zvikamu izvo zvisina kugadzirwa muRussia. Panguva imwecheteyo, nekuda kwekuverengeka kwezvikonzero zvematongerwo enyika, mari yekudzivirira yekudzivirira yakapera. Iyo New State yakanga isina mari zviwanikwa. Uye vatinopihwa "vanopa chikwereti chete pamamiriro ekuvhara mapurojekiti ekudzivirira uye kuparadzwa kwemaoko kwakatogadzirwa.
Mukufanana, maitiro ekusanganisira emabhizimusi maindasitiri akatangwa kuitira kuti vaendese kumawoko. Mabhizinesi akamira akarasikirwa nekukosha kwavo uye aive akavanzika muchokwadi nekuda kweiyo scenual. Chiteshi chevaridzi vevaridzi, kutsvaga kwemikana mitsva yebasa remabhizinesi akatengwa rakagadzirwa nemhirizhonga dzehupfumi. Kuderera kwekugadzirwa muna 1991-1996 G.Atised maindasitiri ese eguta reNizhny Novgorod, kusanganisira budget-fomu yekugadzira: Mechanical engineering, radio kutaurirana uye maindasitiri ekutaurirana, zvemagetsi, pamwe nedzimwe maindasitiri. Semuenzaniso, kuderera muindasitiri kugadzirwa muNizhny novgorod, maererano neRosstat kubva muna 1991 kusvika 1996, mukugadzirwa kwemidziyo ye9.8%, mukugadzirwa kwemidziyo yeredhiyo, terevhizheni uye kutaurirana - 87.8 % Mukugadzirwa kwemachina nemidziyo - 69.7%. Rondedzero yacho inogona kuenderera mberi. Asi manhamba ari pamusoro apa zvinoratidza kuti muna 90s, kugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri kweguta kwakaparadzwa. Maitiro ekudzoreredza mabhizimusi maindasitiri ayo akatanga mushure menguva ya1996, muna 1998 akadonha pasi pekurohwa kwezviitiko zvinozivikanwa munaAugust 1998.
Nekuda kweizvozvo, mapoka akati wandei makuru maindasitiri anozivikanwa kune ese eRussia akaguma kuvepo. Kazhinji, nhamba yemabhizimusi akakura uye yepakati kubva muna1998 kusvika pa158 kusvika pa140. )
Izvi chokwadi, tsika uye kwete pasina chikonzero chinotariswa nevanonyararira sekufungidzira zvakashata zvine chekuita nechikamu chematanho akatungamira pakubuda kwematavi ese eSoviet yeSoviet yeSepriet. Panguva imwecheteyo, aya matanho akapiwa mamiriro ekuwana nguva yakagadzikana kumusika weSoviet weWestern Western. Zvese izvi zvakadaro. Nhasi tinodzoreredza iyo ndege yekugadzira, kugadzirwa kwemasango pamapapiro epasi pemvura, kugadzirwa kwemabhoti evashanyi, kugadzirwa kweco-ndege. Zvakaoma zvakanyanya kukunda musika wemotokari.
Ndinoda kutarisisa kune imwe mamiriro ezvinhu, izvo zvinonyanya kutema chinhanho uye kunaka kwekuvandudza maindasitiri. Vanyori venhoroondo havana nguva refu kuteerera kune chokwadi chinonakidza. Revolutionary inosvetuka mukugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri kunowanzobatanidzwa nekudikanwa kwekudzoreredza hupfumi hwakaparadzwa. Muna 1945, iyo yakakundwa Fascist yeFascist chikamu chemupiro nekuda kwedu takabhadhara michina nemishini dzeindasitiri avo ehondo. Asi yaive nguva isati yasvika. Pakazosvika 1945, yaive tekinoroki yakadana. Nekudaro, nekuda kweiyo indasitiri yeSoviet, zvaiwanzoitika kune matekinoroji uye zvakabatsira mukudzoreredzwa kwehupfumi hwenyika hwakaparadzwa.
Uye zvadaro zvakaitika zvawaifanira kuitika. Germany yakadzora hupfumi hwayo, achiwana michina mitsva nemidziyo kubva kuUnited States. Nekudaro, yakaunza hupfumi hwayo kusvika padanho re40s-50s. MuSoviet Union yakazova tsika yekugadzirwa kwehondo isati yasvika. Uye nekuda kweiyo Soviet yakarongwa system, idzi matekinoroji zvakachengeterwa kwemakumi emakore. Semuenzaniso, mukutanga kwa1990, pakanga paine michina yakaiswa ipapo munguva yekuvakwa kwechirimwa muna 1932 mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzekugadzira mukutanga kwa1990. Zvirongwa zvakadzora kugoverwa kwemari yekunyora zvekare uye kuwana michina mitsva. Zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa pamidziyo yakadaro, kunyanya kushandiswa kwehurumende, kwaisakwanisa kukwikwidza nezvinhu zvekunze. Ndokusaka nhasi vazhinji vevamwe vedu vagari vakatasva mabresi ekunze.
Ndokusaka "kujekesa" kwezvinhu zvekugadzira, kurapa kwemabasa emazuva ano uye zviitiko zvemazuva ano, zvakabvumidzwa kuti udzorere kugona kweguta mumakore makumi maviri apfuura, asiwo kufambira mberi kuri mberi. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvaigoneka kukurira imwe nzira-inoitika muchimiro chekugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri kweguta. Saka, muna1998, chikamu chekuratidzira cheinjiniya uye masimbi ekushanda yaive 78%, uye chikamu cheindasitiri yechikafu ndeye 13.4%. Mamwe maindasitiri ese akaverengera asingasviki 9%.
Nhasi tinoona chimwe chimiro chekugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri mu nizhy novgorod. Mugove wekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvekutengesa zvinhu uye zvinhu zvezvipamba zviri kukura, chikamu chebhizimusi diki uye chiyero chemasevhisi chiri kukura. Mavhoriyamu emirairo yekudzivirira ari kukura.
Nizhny Novgorod ndeimwe yemasangano eRussia ruzivo rweRussia. Iyi nharaunda inopa makambani akadai seIntel, nzvimbo dzekusimudzira uye dzinza dzevanonongedzerwa dzevatorwa, kusanganisira seSap, mail.ru, Yandex, Huawe, Mira Soft, etc.
Nhasi kune gumi nemaviri epakati uye mahombekombe makuru muguta - vanoreva maindasitiri gumi nemaviri. Guta rinoshandisa 14 rekutsvaga mabhuku uye dhizaini bureaus rinoshandira zvinodikanwa zvemaindasitiri maindasitiri. Kune vangangosvika zviuru mazana maviri emabhizimusi emabhizimisi, iyo iri 47% yehuwandu hwehuwandu hwekushanda muguta. Panyaya yehuwandu hwekutakura mabhizinesi ekugadzira, iyo Nizhy Novgorod Region 2nd muViga Federal Dunhu, uye pakati pematunhu eRussia - iyo yechinomwe (maererano naJanuary 2019).
Nharaunda yeNizhy Novgord ine kubatana nevako vanobatana navo kubva kunyika dzinopfuura 140. Nizhny novgorod inokwezva kwazvo kune vekuRussia uye vekunze vanoisa mari.
Veterans of the Nizhy Novgirod Indasitiri zvakare Tsvaga misika mitsva uye niches kune zvigadzirwa zvavo. Saka iyo "Gorky mota inodyara" monopolized iyo musika wekutengesa nemotokari dzakakosha zvichienderana nemhuri yegondo. "SRMOVE" RED SRMOVE "STANDS inovaka ngarava dzemazuva ano dzevagari vehurumende, zvikepe zvembiru zvemazuva ano, pamwe nemidziyo yemukati uye zvikepe zvechitubu zveRussia zveRussia uye kunze kwenyika. "Chirimwa chevarwi volga volga zvine hunyanzvi mukuvakwa kwenyama dzakakwirira-kumhanya (pamhepo cushion, mune yemhepo cavity) yezvakaringana zvinangwa. "Hydromash" ari kutungamirira zvebhizimisi kuti kugadzirwa chassis, hydraulic sepombi uye hydraulic midziyo nokuda kwemarudzi ose inouraya. Iyo kambani inopa anenge 80% yezvido zvepamhepo manhamba enzvimbo mune chassis yeiyo ndege uye 100% mune chassis yeiyo helikopter.
Mumwe wevatyairi makuru eindasitiri yedunhu akazova mabhizinesi emakemikari uye petrochemistry. Budirira shandisa biochemical inobata "Orghim", Sibur-neftekhim JSC, Sibur-KSTO LLC, LOO "Sintsis Oka LLC, KORND LLC.
Mukupedzisa, zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti iyo Nizhy Novgorod dunhu rakabudirira kukunda mhedzisiro yekuputsa kwehupfumi hweSoviet uye zvakare yakatora nzvimbo yakakodzera pakati pevakagadzirirwa nzvimbo dzenyika.