Ni bangahe ushobora kubona amafaranga ku ishoramari

Umushoramari wa Nouvice uhangayikishijwe nibibazo nyamukuru: Ni bangahe ushobora gushora imari? Birakwiye gukora ibi muburyo bwunguka gushora imari? Cyangwa birashoboka ko byoroshye kuvumbura umusanzu muri banki ntacyo ukora?

ICYO USHOBORA Gushora Amafaranga

Hariho amahitamo menshi yo gushora imari, kandi ishoramari riratandukanye mugihe cyabo no guhura. Mubukungu harimo itegeko ridashidikanywaho: Inyungu Zidasanzwe, Ingaruka nini.Imigabane

Ishoramari rikorwa kugirango rigabanye amasomo atandukanye. Urugero, nk'urugero, ishoramari ryombi mu bubiko, imigabane n'ingwate. Umugabane ninzego zingana, kugura imigabane, umushoramari ahinduka umushoramari mu bucuruzi, ashobora gusaba uruhare mu nyungu z'uko yinjiza mu buryo bw'inyungu n'inyungu bivuye mu mikurire y'inyungu.

Bonds

Bitandukanye n'imigabane, ingwate ni ibikoresho by'imyenda. Bari hafi kubitsa kuri banki. Umushoramari arashobora kubara amafaranga yishyurwa niba ateganijwe kurekurwa no kubona amafaranga runaka arangije manda. Ariko mu buryo bunyuranye n'umusanzu muri banki, umushoramari arashobora kugurisha ingwate igihe icyo aricyo cyose hanyuma akabona agaciro k'amasoko.

AMAFARANGA YA PAI

Usibye kugura amafaranga yigenga, hari kandi uburyo rusange bwo gushora imari babifashijwemo namafaranga ashora imari. Ikigega ni ikidendezi kimwe cyamafaranga yateraniraga abashoramari, amaherezo ayoborwa nababigize umwuga kandi akoreshwa mu gushora amafaranga mubikorwa bimwe, ubumwe nundi mutungo.

Ibicuruzwa, ibikomokaho

Magambo gusa, ishoramari harimo ishoramari mu ingwate derivative, niba baremwe ngo kugura nyakuri cyangwa kugurisha imitungo ashingiyeho bo - mafaranga, zahabu, amavuta, ibyuma, n'ibindi, ariko kugira ngo inyungu kubera impinduka mu yakuwe. Ariko, ubu bwoko bwishoramari ni iby'ibishobora guteza akaga cyane kandi ntibukwiraga nabashoramari bigenga, cyane cyane batangira.

Zahabu

Ubwoko bwikibazo cyishoramari hamwe numwihariko - kugura ibyuma byagaciro. Kubwamahirwe, mugihe ibikorwa bifite ibyuma nyabyo bisoreshwa kubibazo byongeweho, ubu bwoko bwishoramari bugumye kandi ntibusabwa rwose.

Ifaranga, umutungo utimukanwa

Mu rugo twita ishoramari niba tugura amafaranga cyangwa umutungo utimukanwa. Mu magambo make, ntabwo aribyo. Duhereye ku nyigisho y'ishoramari muri iyo mitungo ntabwo bifitanye isano n'ishoramari. Amafaranga - Igice ntabwo ari ishoramari, n'amasoko y'amafaranga, n'umutungo utimukanwa - muri rusange igitekerezo cyigenga rwose. Ariko ntiwumve, uhereye kubitekerezo byumushoramari usanzwe, nibi nabyo byakira amafaranga.

Ibintu byubuhanzi nibindi

Undi, na nini, agace gahoro gashora imari ni ugugura imirimo yubuhanzi, ibihangano, nibindi. Ariko, kugirango ukemure ubu bwoko bwishoramari, ni ngombwa kubyumva neza. Ubu bwoko bw'ishoramari ntibusobanutse neza.

Amatariki yo gushora imari

Inyungu yishoramari biterwa nuko ijambo amafaranga ashora. Igihe kirekire, umushoramari ukurusha umushoramari cyane. Ibi biterwa nuko dushora amafaranga, twanga ubwawe mubintu muri iki gihe, hano na none. Kubwibyo, ukurikije ubukungu, bumwe cyangwa izindi ndishyi zigomba kwishyurwa, bitewe nigihe cyo gutinda gushyira mubikorwa ibyifuzo.

Ingingo ya kabiri ni uko igihe kirenze, hejuru, ikibabaje, ibyago gushora imari bacu. Igihe kirekire, amahirwe yo guteza imbere ibintu bitari byiza byibyabaye - guhomba kwabatanze, impinduka mubihe byubukungu bitewe nibikorwa byayo, intangiriro yihungabana muri rusange , nibindi.

Nkurugero, kwishingikiriza ku nyungu yingwate kuva igihe gisigaye kubyo zishyuye birashoboka.

Urugero nyarwo rwa 2020. Ku gipimo cyo gutera inkunga muri 5.5%, ibi byatejwe imbere ku isoko. Bonds nigihe kitarenze umwaka 5.2-5.3% kuri buri mwaka. Umwaka umwe 5.3-5.5%. Ugereranije imyaka itanu 5.6-5.7%. Kumyaka icumi 6.1-6.2%, nibindi.

Ni bangahe ushobora kubona?

Tuzasesengura ingero nkuko ushobora kubona ubwoko butandukanye bwishoramari, tuvuge muri 2020. Isoko ryimigabane yikirusiya ryakuze, ricibwa urubanza na 13%. Rero, niba umushoramari yashoraga impapuro amwe mu nshingano ze zigize indangagaciro za Moscou, yakira amafaranga byibuze kabiri nk'umusanzu muri banki.

Muri icyo gihe, imiryango yinguzanyo yakuruye imisanzu ya 4-5%. Kandi ku isoko ry'ingabo za leta, umusaruro wasanga tubona kurugero rwabanje, 5.2% kuri buri mwaka. Nk'uko ibigo bivuga ko umusaruro byari hejuru - 6-10 ku ijana, bitewe no kwizerwa kw'ibigo.

Rero, gushyira amafaranga binyuze muri Broker ku mucuruzi, umushoramari ashobora kwiringira isoko ry'abashinzwe ingwate, ntabe babiri, ariko inshuro imwe n'igice kuruta muri banki. Muri icyo gihe, birumvikana ko ishoramari nk'iryo ritagwa mu ngwamezabuguzi.

Ariko, kurundi ruhande, niba ugura ingoma yisosiyete nini z'Uburusiya, kubaho kwabo gutangwa byibuze kubona ibicuruzwa. Kuri bo, bitandukanye n'inzego z'inguzanyo, nk'itegeko, umutungo utanga umusaruro utanga inyungu zihamye zifite agaciro.

Bite ho ku bundi bwoko bw'ishoramari? Abasesenguzi b'isoko ry'imitungo itimukanwa bavuga ko ibintu byazamutse mu giciro ku mwaka utarenze 16%. Ariko icyarimwe, aya makuru agomba kuba yitonze:

• Ubwa mbere, abaterana buri gihe, mubihe byose, bavuga ko ibiciro bikura, nubwo mubyukuri inzira itandukanye.
• Icya kabiri, ibyifuzo ntabwo ari igiciro nyacyo cyikintu runaka, kugirango ugurishe ikintu, ikiguzi kigomba guta, gisigaye kurwego rwamasezerano rusange hagati yumugurisha nuwagushinzwe. Isoko ryimitungo itimukanwa ridakabije kandi ntabwo rinini nkisoko ryumutwe.

Byongeye kandi, ikiguzi cyitike yinjira gitandukanye cyane. Ku ishoramari ryimitungo itimukanwa, byibuze miliyoni nyinshi zisabwa, niba iyi atari gahunda rusange, mugihe cyo kugura umubano umwe kuri moshi ihanagura amafaranga ibihumbi.

Ntibishoboka ko tutavuga ko bumwe mu bwoko bwiza bw'ishoramari muri 2020 bwari ugugura byoroshye ifaranga. Amadolari yazamutse ku giciro kirenze 20%, kandi euro ni hafi 30%.

Ibi byerekana ko gushaka amafaranga bishoboka ku ishoramari, byashobokaga kubatanze amafaranga kubikoresho byatowe mumafaranga yamahanga. Nubwo nubwo wabanje kuba ijanisha ryasaga kuruta kwiyoroshya. Kurugero, byagize akamaro gushora imari muri Eurobonds zo mu Burusiya, kuri 4% zishobora kuboneka, ariko mu ifaranga, ntabwo ari muri sboring.

Niki ugomba kwitondera gushora imari

Reka tuvuge muri make. Ibintu bigomba kwishyurwa umwanya wambere birashobora kugabanuka kuri ibi bikurikira.

1. Macroeconomics: Ifaranga riteganijwe kandi inzira yifaranga ryigihugu ni ibipimo bibiri byerekana ko ari byiza cyane kubisubizo byishoramari.
2. Byongeye kandi, bisaba ubwitonzi cyane kwizerwa kubatanga, amafaranga yabo, amaherezo, amaherezo, azishyurwa abashoramari.

Ku rundi ruhande, nubwo hari ingaruka, ishoramari rigomba gusezerana. Kuberako ushobora gushaka amafaranga ku ishoramari birenze gushyira amafaranga kuri banki.